AGRONOMIC CHARACTERIZATION OF SELECTED CLONES OF TUNISIAN TABLE OLIVE (Olea europaea. L) VARIETY ‘MESKI’

The clonal selection carried out within the Tunisian olive table variety Meski allowed to select three more productive clones. The agronomic characterization of these clones was carried out during four years (2012 to 2015). The analysis of variance revealed that the clonal effect was not significant for the fruit pomology indicating a high homogeneity of the selected clones and significant only for olive production. The variation in endocarp weight and fruit specific density (weight/volume) was very low between years and these parameters could be considered as characterization criteria for the Meski variety. The correlations between the pomological parameters show that the variations are proportional between the fruit and the pulp weights and the volume. Olive production is negatively correlated with fruit and pulp weights. The hierarchical classification shows that the three clones are grouped mainly according to the year. Principal component analysis shows that the first component accounts for 66% of the total variability and is positively correlated with fruit and pulp weights and volume

An algorithmic approach to the existence of ideal objects in commutative algebra

The existence of ideal objects, such as maximal ideals in nonzero rings, plays a crucial role in commutative algebra. These are typically justified using Zorn's lemma, and thus pose a challenge from a computational point of view. Giving a constructive meaning to ideal objects is a problem which dates back to Hilbert's program, and today is still a central theme in the area of dynamical algebra, which focuses on the elimination of ideal objects via syntactic methods. In this paper, we take an alternative approach based on Kreisel's no counterexample interpretation and sequential algorithms. We first give a computational interpretation to an abstract maximality principle in the countable setting via an intuitive, state based algorithm. We then carry out a concrete case study, in which we give an algorithmic account of the result that in any commutative ring, the intersection of all prime ideals is contained in its nilradical

Évolution de la contribution française à l'upgrade de LHCb

Ce document décrit l'évolution de la contribution française à l'upgrade de LHCb. Il s'inscrit dans le prolongement de la Lettre d'Intention [1], du Framework TDR [2], du document soumis au Conseil scientifique de l'IN2P3 le 21 juin 2012 [3], et des Technical Design Reports soumis au LHCC en novembre 2013 [4, 5]. Ces derniers concernent le détecteur de vertex et les détecteurs utilisés dans l'identification des particules. La contribution française s'est cristallisée autour de quatre grands projets : l'électronique front-end des calorimètres et du trajectographe à fibres scintillantes, le système de déclenchement de premier niveau et la carte de lecture à 40MHz commune à l'ensemble des sous-systèmes. Dans ce document nous décrivons les contributions envisagées et les ressources nécessaires pour mener à bien ces projets

Inhibition de germination du pollen in vitro pour caractériser l'auto-incompatibilité d'origine pistillaire chez l'olivier (Olea europaea L.)

Inhibition of in vitro pollen germination to characterize the pistil origin of the autoincompatibility of olive (Olea europaea L). The in vitro pollen compatibility of the two table olive varieties 'Meski' (Tunisia) and 'Picholine' (France) was studied for five trees under irrigated conditions. Evaluation of the results demonstrated that 'Picholine' had the highest germination rate of pollen grains on standard culture medium at 86.4%. The autocompatibility test for 'Meski' showed a decrease in the germination rate from 44.8 to 21% when pollen grains were placed on a medium containing its pistil mixture. 'Picholine', meanwhile, exhibited stable or even decreased values ranging from 76 to 87% with its own pistil mixture. The 'Picholine' pollen exhibited its highest germination rate (77.6%) in the medium containing the 'Meski' pistil mixture, indicating the intercompatibility of 'Meski'. The addition to the medium of phenolic components extracted from 'Meski' pistils at three concentrations showed that the lowest germination rate of 'Meski' pollen grains (9.7%) was obtained at the highest concentration, C3 (2.826 mg·ml-1). The inhibitory effect of this concentration was significantly lower on the 'Picholine' pollen grains at 45%

PACIFIC: A 64-channel ASIC for scintillating fiber tracking in LHCb upgrade

The LHCb detector will be upgraded during the next LHC shutdown in 2018/19 [1]. The tracker system will have a major overhaul. Its components will be replaced with new technologies in order to cope with the increased hit occupancy and radiation environment. Here we describe a detector made of scintillating fibers read out by silicon photomultipliers (SiPM), with a view to its application for this upgrade. This technology has been shown to achieve high efficiency and spatial resolution, but its integration within a LHCb experiment presents new challenges. This article gives an overview of the R&D; status of the low-Power ASIC for the sCIntillating FIbres traCker (PACIFIC) chip implemented in a 130 nm CMOS technology. The PACIFIC chip is a 64-channel ASIC which can be connected to a SiPM without the need of any external component. It includes analog signal processing and digitization. The first stage is a current conveyor followed by a tunable fast shaper (≈10 ns) and a gated integrator. The digitization is performed using a 3 threshold non-linear flash ADC operating at 40 MHz. The PACIFIC chip has the ability to cope with different SiPM suppliers with a power consumption below 8 mW per channel and it is radiation-tolerant. Lastly, simulation and test results show the proper read out of the SiPMs with the PACIFIC chip

NVM cell degradation induced by femtosecond laser backside irradiation for reliability tests

International audienceIn this paper we present the behavior of a single nonvolatile Flash floating gate memory cell when it is irradiated, from the backside, by femtosecond laser pulses. For the first time we show that the memory cell state can change using this type of stimulation. The measurements were carried out with an experimental setup with an ad hoc probe station built around the optical bench. We present the experimental results using different memory bias conditions to highlight the charge injection in the floating gate. Then, we study the cell degradation to check the state of the tunnel oxide and the drain-bulk junction. The aim is to understand the failure mechanisms and use this technique for accelerated reliability tests. Finally we report the experimental results achieved for different laser energies

NVM cell degradation induced by femtosecond laser backside irradiation for reliability tests

International audienceIn this paper we present the behavior of a single nonvolatile Flash floating gate memory cell when it is irradiated, from the backside, by femtosecond laser pulses. For the first time we show that the memory cell state can change using this type of stimulation. The measurements were carried out with an experimental setup with an ad hoc probe station built around the optical bench. We present the experimental results using different memory bias conditions to highlight the charge injection in the floating gate. Then, we study the cell degradation to check the state of the tunnel oxide and the drain-bulk junction. The aim is to understand the failure mechanisms and use this technique for accelerated reliability tests. Finally we report the experimental results achieved for different laser energies

The Computational Significance of Hausdorff\u2019s Maximal Chain Principle

As a fairly frequent form of the Axiom of Choice about relatively simple structures (posets), Hausdorff\u2019s Maximal Chain Principle appears to be little amenable to computational interpretation. This received view, however, requires revision. When attempting to convert Hausdorff\u2019s principle into a conservation theorem, we have indeed found out that maximal chains are more reminiscent of maximal ideals than it might seem at first glance. The latter live in richer algebraic structures (rings), and thus are readier to be put under computational scrutiny. Exploiting the newly discovered analogy between maximal chains and ideals, we can carry over the concept of Jacobson radical from a ring to an arbitrary set with an irreflexive symmetric relation. This achievement enables us to present a generalisation of Hausdorff\u2019s principle first as a semantic and then as a syntactical conservation theorem. We obtain the latter, which is nothing but the desired computational core of Hausdorff\u2019s principle, by passing from maximal chains to paths of finite binary trees of an adequate inductively generated class. In addition to Hausdorff\u2019s principle, applications include the Maximal Clique Principle for undirected graphs. Throughout the paper we work within constructive set theory

An Algorithmic Approach to the Existence of Ideal Objects in Commutative Algebra

The existence of ideal objects, such as maximal ideals in nonzero rings, plays a crucial role in commutative algebra. These are typically justified using Zorn\u2019s lemma, and thus pose a challenge from a computational point of view. Giving a constructive meaning to ideal objects is a problem which dates back to Hilbert\u2019s program, and today is still a central theme in the area of dynamical algebra, which focuses on the elimination of ideal objects via syntactic methods. In this paper, we take an alternative approach based on Kreisel\u2019s no counterexample interpretation and sequential algorithms. We first give a computational interpretation to an abstract maximality principle in the countable setting via an intuitive, state based algorithm. We then carry out a concrete case study, in which we give an algorithmic account of the result that in any commutative ring, the intersection of all prime ideals is contained in its nilradical