An evaluation of software fault tolerance techniques in real-time safety-critical applications

The usefulness of three software fault tolerance techniques -- n-version programming, recovery blocks, and exception handling is examined within the context of real-time safety-critical environments. The general requirements of such application systems are presented and the techniques evaluated with regard to how well they satisfy these requirements

Enterprise and entrepreneurship education: Towards a comparative analysis

Purpose - This paper states the case for adopting a comparative method of analysis to the study of enterprise education. Adopting a comparative approach can provide fresh insights and opportunities for researching from different perspectives. It develops understanding of the concept by reexamining its origins and history. By default its purpose, development operation and rationale are also briefly discussed through reference to literature and policy. Design/methodology/approach - This paper draws on the literature around enterprise and entrepreneurship education. It argues that comparative analysis of enterprise education is an important methodological tool that can enrich, deepen and inform research processes, findings and outcomes. Comparative analysis can take a number of forms and can include within country, cross-country, historical, temporal, longitudinal, spatial, pedagogical, policy or other types of comparison. Findings - This paper unpacks and teases out some of the points of difference and similarity between enterprise education concepts, policies and practices; and the way they are introduced to, applied and operate in different contexts. The main focus and point for comparison is the UK. Enterprise education is distinct from and should not be confused with business and economics. Teacher training in the techniques of enterprise education and resources designed to suit social and cultural requirements is crucial to achieve successful project outcomes. Originality/value - The comparative analysis of enterprise education programmes and policies advocated here adds value and provides additional insight to these concepts and practices

Selfish Optimization in Computer Networks

This paper describes two applications of decentralized (Pareto) optimization to problems of computer communication networks. The first application is to develop a generalized principle for optimality of multi-hop broadcast channel access schemes. The second application is to decentralized flow-control in fixed virtual-circuit networks (e.g., SNA) using power maximization as the performance index. The decentralized approach to optimum network behavior yields, among other results, characterization of fair global objective functions, and optimal decentralized greedy network control algorithms. The main conclusion of this paper is that Pareto-optimality methods can be successfully used to develop optimal decentralized behavior algorithms where a centralized approach is (sometimes provably) not applicable

Mobility, belonging, and the importance of context. Personal reflections in response to the vignettes

The author begins by addressing the conceptual complexities surrounding the field of GCE, with its hegemonic and critical aspects, and the various forms in which it has been designed and implemented in education over the past decade. Engaging with the vignettes in this special issue and drawing on her own personal experience as a migrant in different countries, the author explores the aspects of belonging, mobility, and context, and the significance of the opportunities and limitations of these in the act of education. Ultimately, she shows, GCE must remain an open-ended and authentic exploration of context. (DIPF/Orig.