An Important Contribution to Space Medicine - Some Results of the Experiment on the AES ''cosmos-110''

Physiological indices of orbiting dogs on Cosmos satellit

Cyclic nucleotides in tissues during long-term hypokinesia

Male Wistar rates were kept hypokinetic by placing them in small containers for 22 days. Blood plasma cAMP content was subsequently found increased, and cGMP content decreased, in the experimental animals. Liver and thymus cAMP content was similar in the control and experimental animals. There was a 20 and 38% decrease of cAMP content in the kidneys and spleen, respectively. Hypokinesia's reduction of cyclic nucleotides seems to inhibit RNA and protein synthesis

Experimental investigation of the role of thyrocalcitonin in the prophylaxis of disturbances in the water-salt and mineral metabolism during a 30-day hypokinesia

The effect of thyrocalcitonin (TCT) injections on the metabolism of water and electrolytes in free-moving and immobilized chinchilla hares is described. Calcium excretion from immobilized animals was elevated, but normalized in those also receiving TCT injections. TCT also normalized water content and excretion rates

Differential diagnostics of the syndrome of the dyspepsia of the infectious and noninfectious genesis

Timely and correct differential diagnostics of dyspeptic syndrome was and remains serious interdisciplinary problem. The greatest complexities appear with the development of the reasons for the development of diarrhea and ab-dominal pain in patients with the komorbidnoy pathology. Understanding the mechanisms, which lie at the basis of the formation of syndrome of diarrhea, they will make it possible within maximally short times to manufacture adequate diagnostic tactics and to determine the necessary therapeutic measures. In the article the typical defects of diagnostics of the diseases, which are accompanied by the syndrome of diarrhea, are analyzed, in the prehospital and hospital stages of rendering to medical aid and they are proposed to the way of their warning and correction.Серьезной междисциплинарной проблемой была и остается своевременная и правильная дифференциальная диагностика диспепсического синдрома. Наибольшие сложности возникают при выявлении причин развития диареи и абдоминальной боли у больных с коморбидной патологией. Понимание механизмов, лежащих в основе формирования диарейного син-дрома, позволят в максимально короткие сроки выработать адекватную диагностическую тактику и определить необходимые лечебные мероприятия. В статье проанализированы типичные дефекты диагностики заболеваний, сопровождающихся синдромом диареи, на догоспитальном и госпитальном этапах оказания медицинской помощи и предложены пути их предупреждения и исправления

Ozone observations and a model of marine boundary layer photochemistry during SAGA 3

A major purpose of the third joint Soviet‐American Gases and Aerosols (SAGA 3) oceanographic cruise was to examine remote tropical marine O3 and photochemical cycles in detail. On leg 1, which took place between Hilo, Hawaii, and Pago‐Pago, American Samoa, in February and March 1990, shipboard measurements were made of O3, CO, CH4, nonmethane hydrocarbons (NMHC), NO, dimethyl sulfide (DMS), H2S, H2O2, organic peroxides, and total column O3. Postcruise analysis was performed for alkyl nitrates and a second set of nonmethane hydrocarbons. A latitudinal gradient in O3 was observed on SAGA 3, with O3 north of the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) at 15–20 parts per billion by volume (ppbv) and less than 12 ppbv south of the ITCZ but never ≤3 ppbv as observed on some previous equatorial Pacific cruises (Piotrowicz et al., 1986; Johnson et al., 1990). Total column O3 (230–250 Dobson units (DU)) measured from the Akademik Korolev was within 8% of the corresponding total ozone mapping spectrometer (TOMS) satellite observations and confirmed the equatorial Pacific as a low O3 region. In terms of number of constituents measured, SAGA 3 may be the most photochemically complete at‐sea experiment to date. A one‐dimensional photochemical model gives a self‐consistent picture of O3‐NO‐CO‐hydrocarbon interactions taking place during SAGA 3. At typical equatorial conditions, mean O3 is 10 ppbv with a 10–15% diurnal variation and maximum near sunrise. Measurements of O3, CO, CH4, NMHC, and H2O constrain model‐calculated OH to 9 × 105 cm−3 for 10 ppbv O3 at the equator. For DMS (300–400 parts per trillion by volume (pptv)) this OH abundance requires a sea‐to‐air flux of 6–8 × 109 cm−2 s−1, which is within the uncertainty range of the flux deduced from SAGA 3 measurements of DMS in seawater (Bates et al., this issue). The concentrations of alkyl nitrates on SAGA 3 (5–15 pptv total alkyl nitrates) were up to 6 times higher than expected from currently accepted kinetics, suggesting a largely continental source for these species. However, maxima in isopropyl nitrate and bromoform near the equator (Atlas et al., this issue) as well as for nitric oxide (Torres and Thompson, this issue) may signify photochemical and biological sources of these species

New early Triassic Lingulidae (Brachiopoda) genera and species from South China

Two new genera, Sinolingularia gen. nov. and Sinoglottidia gen. nov., together with three new species, Sinolingularia huananensis gen. et sp. nov., Sinolingularia yini gen. et sp. nov. and Sinoglottidia archboldi gen. et sp. nov., are described on the basis of a large collection of well-preserved specimens from several sections straddling the Permian - Triassic boundary in South China. <br /

СРАВНИТЕЛЬНАЯ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА МАТЕРИАЛОВ, ПРИМЕНЯЕМЫХ В СТОМАТОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ ИМПЛАНТАЦИИ

The objective of the research is a review of some characteristics of dental implants’ products and an analysis of prospects of using them in modern medicine.Dental implantation as a high-technology method of restoring the natural anatomical structure has no competitors at present. The advantages of dental implants consist in their high operational dependability, a longer life time, a higher functionality and a lesser rate of complications as compared to the use of complete or bridge prostheses.The materials used in dental implantation for this purpose are rather diverse. Doctors using them rely on extensive clinical experience, a developed industry of accessory materials, instruments, that is everything that ensures comfortable work and conveniences for the patient.At the same time, the data mentioned in the article testify to the effect that ceramic implants as compared to titanium alloy implants have comparable or better indices. This is guaranteed, for example, by the requirements of the new international standard ISO6474-2:2012: first-rate strength and wear resistance; thermal stability and corrosion resistance; ceramics’ four point bending strength over 750 MPa.The result of the conducted analysis is a review of using various materials in dental implantation. The author compares the aesthetic indices and durability of titanium or metal alloy implants to those of ceramic ones. The comparison shows that, under the current level of ceramic materials’ structural property, it is actual for dentistry to develop its own methodological approaches in relation to a wide use of ceramic implants and creation of various ceramic mono-implants with the purpose of improving the results of treatment of patients, suffering from secondary partial or complete adentia accompanied by bone tissue deficiency, by applying the methods of dental implantation.Целью работы является обзор некоторых характеристик материалов стоматологических имплантатов и анализ перспектив их использования в современной медицине.Стоматологическая имплантация как высокотехнологичный способ восстановления естественной анатомической структуры в настоящее время не имеет конкурентов. Преимущество дентальных имплантатов заключается в высокой надежности в эксплуатации, более длительном сроке службы, большей функциональности и меньшей частоте осложнений, чем при использовании съемных или мостовидных протезов.Материалы, применяемые в стоматологической имплантации, весьма разнообразны. Врачи, пользуясь ими, основываются на большом клиническом опыте, развитой индустрии вспомогательных материалов, инструментов, т.е. всего того, что обеспечивает комфортную работу и удобство для пациента.В то же время данные, приведенные в статье, свидетельствуют о том, что керамические имплантаты, по сравнению с имплантатами из сплавов титана, имеют сравнимые или лучшие показатели. Превосходная прочность и износостойкость, термическая и коррозионная стойкость, прочность керамики при четырехточечном изгибе более 750 МПа гарантируются, например, требованиями нового международного стандарта ISO 6474-2:2012.Результатом проведенного анализа является обзор применения различных материалов в стоматологической имплантации. Сравнение эстетических показателей и долговечности имплантатов из титана или металлических сплавов с керамическими аналогами показало, что при современном уровне структурного состояния керамических материалов для стоматологии актуально совершенствование собственных методологических подходов в сторону широкого использования керамических имплантатов и создание различных керамических моноимплантатов для улучшения результатов лечения больных с вторичной частичной или полной адентией с сопутствующим дефицитом костной ткани методами стоматологической имплантации

Кистозная дуоденальная дистрофия. Диагностика и хирургическая тактика на примере типичного случая

Duodenal dystrophy, a chronic inflammation of the aberrant pancreatic tissue in the duodenal wall, is a relatively rare disease in the practice of physicians. The heterotopic pancreas is usually functioning, and the development of acute and chronic pancreatitis in it is even more probable than in the orthotopic gland as a result of an underdeveloped duct system. The progression of ectopic pancreatitis associated with increasing cystic formation could lead to a blockade of the major or minor duodenal papilla and subsequent chronic pancreatitits in the pancreas proper. Furthermore, a malignant transformation of the aberrant pancreas is not a rare occurrence. It is essential to carry out a timely and sharp diagnosis of this condition as it often defines the surgical tactics. The purpose of this report is to present a typical case of cystic duodenal dystrophy.Настоящая статья посвящена одной из дизонтогенетических причин хронического панкреатита - хроническому воспалению ткани поджелудочной железы, эктопированной в стенку двенадцатиперстной кишки. Ранее это заболевание выявлялось только при аутопсии или гистологическом исследовании удаленных панкреатодуоденальных комплексов. В настоящее время благодаря внедрению новых диагностических методов появилась возможность ее точной предоперационной верификации. Последнее обстоятельство позволяет своевременно избрать рациональную хирургическую тактику, что показано на примере клинического наблюдения