Procjena trendova meteoroloških vremenskih nizova u jugoistočnoj Anatoliji, Turska

In this study, trend analyses of six climatic variables (mean, minimum, and maximum temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, and precipitation) for 1966-2020 are conducted for the Southeastern Anatolia Region, which is the main focus of the integrated development project in Turkey (Turkish acronym GAP). The trends for seasonal and annual periods are determined using the Mann-Kendall (MK) test, and Sen\u27s slope method and regression analyses are used to find the trends\u27 slopes. Moreover, Innovative Trend Analysis (ITA) is also used to find the time series changes for low, medium, and high values. As a result of the analyses, the mean, minimum, and maximum temperatures in the GAP region show increasing trends according to both methods. Significant trends are obtained at a limited number of stations for the precipitation, relative humidity, and wind speed with the MK test, while consistent decreasing trends are found at most stations with the ITA method.ovom istraživanju analizirano je šest klimatskih varijabli (srednja, minimalna i maksimalna temperature, relativna vlažnost, brzina vjetra i oborina) za razdoblje 1966.– 2020. u području jugoistočne Anatolije, koje se nalazi u fokusu turskog integralnog razvojnog projekta (GAP). Trendovi za sezonska i godišnja razdoblja određeni su pomoću Mann-Kendallovog (MK), a nagibi trendova određeni su metodom Senovog nagiba i regresijskom analizom. Nadalje, da se odrede promjene vremenskih nizova za niske, srednje i visoke vrijednosti, korištena je inovativna analiza trenda (ITA). Rezultati dobiveni objema metodama su pokazali da srednje, minimalne i maksimalne temperature u GAP području imaju uzlazne trendove. Značajni uzlazni trendovi su dobiveni pomoću MK testa za ograničen broj postaja za oborinu, relativnu vlažnost i brzinu vjetra, dok su primjenom ITA metode za većinu postaja dobiveni konzistentni opadajući trendovi

Tekstil sektöründe Avrupa Birliği IPPC direktifi ile uyum çalışmaları: BAT uygulamaları

TÜBİTAK ÇAYDAG15.01.2008Bu çalışma, Türkiye'de bir tekstil işletmesi için IPPC (Entegre Kirlilik Önleme ve Kontrolü) Direktifi kapsamında "Mevcut En İyi Teknikler"in ilk uygulaması ve değerlendirmesidir. IPPC Direktifi'nin hayata geçirilmesinde rehber olacak bir "en iyi uygulama örneği" tekstil sektörü için geliştirilmiş ve bu kapsamda işletme için "Mevcut En İyi Teknik" ihtiyaçları belirlenmiştir. Sürdürülebilir hammadde ve atık yönetimi için, ilk olarak, üretim süreçlerinin BREF ("Mevcut En İyi Teknikler" Referans) Dokümanı ile detaylı karşılaştırılması yapılmıştır. Su yoğun bir sektör olması sebebiyle, proseslerde geri kullanımı mümkün olabilecek atıksular belirlenip atıksu karakterizasyon çalışmaları yürütülmüştür. Proses atıksularında ve tesisten çıkan toplam atıksuda geri kazanım olanaklarının araştırılması için atıksu yönetim stratejisi oluşturulmuştur. Bu stratejiyle uyumlu olarak, üretim süreçlerinin BREF Tekstil Dokümanı ile detaylı karşılaştırılması yapılmış, gerek atıksuların geri kullanım amaçlı arıtılabilirliği gerekse su kullanımının ve atıksu üretiminin azaltımı üzerine çalışılmıştır. Uygulanabilir BAT önerileri fabrika yetkilileri ile birlikte çalışarak belirlenmiştir. Atıksu yönetimi çalışmalarının yanı sıra, enerji tüketiminin azaltılması, kimyasal değişikliği ve çevresel risk analizi çalışmaları da yürütülmüştür.This study was undertaken as the first application and evaluation of Best Available Techniques (BAT) within the context of the IPPC (Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control) Directive to a textile mill in Turkey. A “best practice example”, which will form a guideline for the implementation of the IPPC Directive, is to be developed for the textile sector; and within this context BAT requirements for the mill were determined. In order to achieve a sustainable resource and waste management; firstly, a detailed screening of the production processes with respect to BREF (BAT Reference) Textile Document was made. Being a water intensive sector, wastewater characterization study was conducted to identify the possible candidate wastewaters to be reused. A wastewater management strategy was adopted to investigate the possible reuse opportunities in the process wastewaters along with the composite mill effluent. In line with this strategy, production processes were analyzed in depth in accordance with the BREF Document not only to treat the generated wastewaters for their possible reuse but also to reduce the amount of water consumption and wastewater generation. Applicable BAT options were determined in cooperation with the mill staff. Besides studies related to wastewater management, minimization of energy consumption, chemical substitution and environmental risk analysis studies were also conducted

Effect of endosulfan on growth, ⍺ amylase activity and plasmids amplification in Bacillus subtilis

123-126Endosulfan, a chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticide of cyclodiene subgroup acts as a contact poison in a wide variety of organisms. In the present study, the effect of endosulfan on the growth, α amylase activity and plasmid amplification was investigated in Bacillus subtilis system. The bacteria were grown in medium, incubated with different concentrations (32, 48, 64 and 80 μg/mL) of endosulfan. The bacterial growth was gradually seen after 1st day at up to 48 μg/L endosulfan. The 48 μg/L endosulfan inhibited approximately 50% of the bacterial growth. No growth was observed at and after 64 μg/L endosulfan, for all days (1-5). Also, no ⍺ amylase activity was found in the supernatant of the culture medium containing 64 and 80 μg/L endosulfan, whereas slight activity was observed with 32 and 48 μg/L endosulfan concentration. The amount of plasmid increased up to 50% in the presence of 32 μg/L endosulfan. Endosulfan had no effect on the ⍺ amylase activity in vitro

Yüksek yaz sıcaklıklarında kafes yerleşim sıklığının yumurta tavuklarının performansı üzerine etkileri

This study was conducted to determine the effects of different cage densities on laying performance of white and brown hybrid layers during high summer temperatures. White layers, 68 weeks of age, were housed at a density of 3, 4 or 5 hens/cage (respectively 640, 480 and 384 cm2/hen); brown layers were housed at 3 or 4 hens/cage (respectively 640 and 480 cm2/hen). the results indicated that housing at 3 or 4 hens/cage did not affect egg production or egg quality significantly. Increasing the cage density to 5 hens/cage in white layers decreased egg production and Haugh Units. However, it was observed that shell quality and egg weight were not affected significantly by higher cage density

Do psychological inflexibility and self-criticism mediate the relationship between depression and addiction severity?

Objective: Self-related problems and psychological inflexibility, which can also lead to a vulnerability to depression, often accompany substance use disorders. This study examined whether psychological inflexibility and self-criticism mediated the relationship between depression and addiction severity. Method: We examined 111 patients with Substance use disorders (SUDs) using the Addiction Profile Index (API), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Forms of Self-criticizing/Attacking and Self-reassuring Scale (FSCRS), and Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-Substance Abuse (AAQ-SA). Mediation analysis was conducted to examine the mediating role of psychological inflexibility on the relationship between depression and addiction severity. Results: API total score was negatively correlated with AAQ-SA and positively correlated with BDI and FSCRS. Because FSCRS did not have a significant predictive effect on addiction severity (p=0.966), only AAQ-SA was included in the mediation analysis. According to the results of the mediation analysis, depression was found to directly affect addiction severity (direct effect, p=0.007), and it constitutes 54.5% of the total effect. Also, depression predicted addiction severity (indirect effect, p<0.001) through psychological flexibility, and it constitutes 45.5% of the total effect. Conclusion: According to our findings, psychological inflexibility is an important variable between depression and addiction severity. Although patients with SUDs may have negative evaluations about self, they may not use self-criticism as a coping strategy. Psychological inflexibility may be a substantial target for interventions in patients who use substances to avoid depressive symptoms

Comparative Analysis of the Genomic DNA Isolation Methods on &lt;i&gt;Inula&lt;/i&gt; sp. (Asteraceae)

Simple, fast, low-cost and high throughput protocols are required for DNA isolation of plant species. In this study, phenol chloroform isoamyl alcohol and commercial (Sigma) DNA isolation kit methods were applied on some Inula species that belong to Asteraceae family. Genomic DNA amounts, A260, A280, A260/A230 and purity degrees (A260/A280) that were obtained through both methods were measured through electrophoresis and spectrophotometer. Additionally, PCR amplification was realized by primer pairs specific to nrDNA ITS, cpDNA ndhF (972F-1603R) and trnL-F regions. Results showed that maximum genomic DNA in nanograms obtained by phenol chloroform isoamyl alcohol method. The study also revealed that I. macrocephala had the maximum DNA and I. heterolepis had the minimum DNA amount. A260/A280 purity degrees showed that the highest and lowest purity in gDNAs obtained through phenol-choloform isoamyl alcohol method were in I.aucheriana and I. salicina, respectively. The highest and lowest purity degrees of gDNAs obtained through commercial kit was observed in I. fragilis and I. macrocephala samples, respectively. PCR amplification results showed that while band profiles of each three regions (ITS, trnL-F and ndhF) did not yield positive results in PCR amplifications using phenol-choloform isoamyl alcohol method; PCR band profiles obtained through commercial kit yielded positive results. As a result, it is fair to say that the relation of genomic DNA with PCR was found to be more efficient although the maximum amount of genomic DNA was obtained through phenol chloroform isoamyl alcohol method

Impact of genetic polymorphisms on platelet function and aspirin resistance

Genetic polymorphisms may affect platelets' responses to the antiplatelet therapy. Our aim was to determine the role of genetic polymorphisms on aspirin resistance in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). A total of 126 consecutive patients (35-85 years old, 32% women) with chronic stable CHD was enrolled in the study. Platelet function assays were realized by the platelet function analyzer (PFA)-100 with Collagen and epinephrine (Col/Epi) and collagen and adenosine diphospate (Col/ADP) cartridges. Aspirin resistance was defined as having a closure time of less than 186 s with Col/Epi cartridges despite regular aspirin therapy. Factor V, prothrombin, factor XIII, beta-fibrinogen, plasminogen activator inhibitor I (PAI-1), glycoprotein Ilia, methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase, ACE and ApoB gene polymophisms were determined by three consecutive steps: isolation and amplification of DNA and reverse hybridization. We determined that 30 patients (23.8%) had aspirin resistance by the PFA-100. Mean closure time measured with the Col/ADP cartridges was 74 +/- 12 s (51-104s). Ten of the 30 patients with aspirin resistance were women (33.3%). Genetic polymorphisms were determined in 30 aspirin-resistant and 17 aspirin-sensitive patients. No statistically significant relationship was determined between aspirin resistance and the genetic panel. In our study we did not determine a significant relationship between the aspirin resistance and factor V, prothrombin, factor XIII, beta-fibrinogen, PAI-1, glycoprotein Ilia, methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase, ACE and ApoB gene polymophisms. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis 21:53-56 (C) 2010 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Evaluation of stress distribution of a new restorative material and composite resin: a finite-element analysis study

Glass carbomer cement is a new dental material developed from the traditional glass ionomer cements. It has better mechanical and chemical features when compared to the conventional glass ionomer cements. The purpose of this in silico investigation was to examine the influence of glass carbomer and composite resin materials with class I cavity design on stresses happening in the inlay. Finite-element analysis and three-dimensional modelling were used to examine the stress in the glass carbomer and hybrid composite inlays resulting from a 300-N point load on occlusal surfaces. Two different inlay materials, glass carbomer cement and hybrid composite resin, were evaluated. The maximum von Misses stress values in the composite resin inlays were significantly lower than those in the glass carbomer inlays. The results from this study showed that the resistance of the glass carbomer against the forces was higher than that of the composite resin inlays. The stresses were concentrated mostly at similar regions. The obtained results suggest that glass carbomer may be recommended as a preferred filler restorative material in teeth with much structure loss