İlkokul İnsan Hakları, Yurttaşlık ve Demokrasi Dersi Öğretim Programı Kazanımlarının Bloom ve Revize Bloom Taksonomilerine Göre Değerlendirilmesi

Bu çalışmanın amacı, İlkokul 4. Sınıf İnsan Hakları, Yurttaşlık ve Demokrasi Dersi Öğretim Programının Bloom ve Revize Bloom Taksonomilerine göre incelenmesi ve değerlendirilmesidir. Bu bağlamda ilgili öğretim programında bulunan kazanımlar öncelikle taksonomilere göre incelenmiş, daha sonra da vatandaşlık eğitiminin genel amacı olan “iyi vatandaş” yetiştirme hedefi açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Bu amaç ve yaklaşım kapsamında çalışma, nitel araştırma yaklaşımında doküman inceleme tekniğine göre desenlenmiştir. Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı (MEB) tarafından 2018 yılında uygulanmaya başlanan 4. Sınıflar İnsan Hakları, Yurttaşlık ve Demokrasi Dersi Öğretim Programı çalışmanın dokümanları olmuştur. İlgili öğretim programında yer alan 29 kazanım ise bu çalışmanın veri kaynağını oluşturmuştur. Kazanımlar öncelikle Bloom Taksonomine göre iki araştırmacı tarafından çözümlenmiştir. Bu aşamada elde edilen bulgulara göre bilişsel alanda olan 27 kazanım ise ikinci bir çözümlemeyle Revize Bloom Taksonomisine göre incelenmiştir. Çalışmada elde edilen bulgulara ve ilgili öğretim programının genel amaçlarına göre yapılan değerlendirmeler neticesinde öğretim programındaki kazanımların, vatandaşlık eğitiminin temel amacı olan “iyi vatandaş” yetiştirmeye uygun olduğu görülmüştür

Estimated probabilities of positive, vs. negative, events show separable correlations with covid-19 preventive behaviours

Research has associated optimism with better health-protective behaviours, but few studies have measured optimism or pessimism directly, by asking participants to estimate probabilities of events. We used these probability estimates to examine how optimism and/or pessimism relate to protecting oneself from COVID-19. When COVID-19 first reached Turkey, we asked a snowball sample of 494 Istanbul adults how much they engaged in various COVID-protective behaviours. They also estimated the probabilities of their catching COVID-19, and of other positive and negative events happening to them. Estimated probability of general positive events (optimism) correlated positively with officially-recommended helpful behaviours (e.g. wearing masks), but not with less-helpful behaviours (e.g. sharing ‘alternative’ COVID-related information online). Estimated probabilities of general negative events (pessimism), or of catching COVID, did not correlate significantly with helpful COVID-related behaviours; but they did correlate with psychopathological symptoms, as did less-helpful COVID-related behaviours. This shows important nuances can be revealed by measuring optimism and pessimism, as separate variables, using probability estimates.WOS:000766608100006Scopus - Affiliation ID: 60105072PMID: 35228768Social Sciences Citation IndexQ2ArticleUluslararası işbirliği ile yapılan - EVETMarch2022YÖK - 2021-22Hazira

An Aggregate Import Demand Function for Turkey: The Bounds Testing Approach

This study investigates the aggregate import demand behavior for Turkey using the bounds test procedure by Pesaran et. al. (2001) which is based on the estimate of an Unrestricted Error Correction Model (UECM). This technique generates robust short and long run estimates in small samples, where the integration of the variables are unknown. Using annual data over the period 1982-2002, the results of the bounds test indicate that there is a long run relationship among import demand, real income and relative prices for Turkey. Moreover, the dummy variable employed to investigate the effect of Turkey’s European Customs Union membership on import demand. The results showed the dummy variable is statistically significant and positive. The findings suggest that Customs Union has increased the import demand of Turkey.Publisher's Versio

Nucleated red blood cells as predictor of all-cause mortality in emergency department

Bacground: Nucleated red blood cells (NRBCs) are immature erythrocytes that are not normally detected in the blood of healthy adults. The detection of these cells in peripheral blood is associated with increased mortality and poor prognosis. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether NRBCs predict for all causes of death in patients admitted to the emergency department (ED). Method: This study was conducted retrospectively between January 2019 and December 2019 in academic emergency department, faculty of medicine. We included all patients who died of non-traumatic causes and The control group consisted of patients discharged from the ED. NRBCs and other laboratory parameters were compared between the two groups. The primary outcome is all-cause mortality in the ED. Multivariate logistic analysis was performed. Results: A total of 204 patients (119 male) were included in the study. The mean age of the patients was 66.7 ± 14.6 years. NRBC value was higher in those who died (678.43 ± 655.16/ μl) compared to the control group (22.55 ± 57.86/ μl) (P 0 /μl (sensitivity 94,12%, specificity 82,35%, Area Under Curve (AUC) =0.97). In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, the NRBC was associated with all-cause mortality in the ED (odds ratio,OR = 1.020, confidence interval, CI = 1.012–1.028). Conclusıons: High blood levels of nucleated red blood cells at admission to the emergency department may be associated with increased mortality. © 2020 Elsevier Inc

Acute effect of different respiratory muscle warm-up on respiratory parameters : Farklı solunum kası ısınmasının solunum parametrelerine akut etkisi

General body warm-up is important for high performance in demonstrating motoric characteristics. Recently, respiratory muscle warm-up, which contributes to sports performance such as general body warm-up, has been a subject of interest to sports scientists. The aim of this study is to examine the effect of different respiratory muscle warm-up on respiratory parameters. Thirty volunteer girls aged 12-14 participated in the study. Three different respiratory muscle warm-ups, including placebo divided respiratory muscle warm-up, pursed-lip respiratory muscle exercise, and divided respiratory muscle warm-up, were performed on the participants on different days, and respiratory parameters were determined with a spirometer. The difference between the applications was determined by the One-Way ANOVA test, and the group that caused the difference was determined by the Tukey test. It was determined that the highest values ​​in all respiratory parameters were in divided respiratory muscle warm-up, pursed lip respiratory muscle exercise, and placebo divided respiratory muscle warm-up. It was observed that the different respiratory muscle warm-ups applied increased the respiratory parameters, and the highest value was in the divided respiratory muscle warm-up (FVC=3,99±,56 FEV1= 3,76±,55 PEF= 6,54±,43 FEV1/FVC= 93,58±2,11). As a result, it is recommended to warm up the respiratory muscles in order to increase the performance of the athlete before the training or competitions. If the conditions are suitable, it is recommended to warm up the respiratory muscles with respiratory exercise equipment whose maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) values ​​can be adjusted. Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file.   Özet Genel vücut ısınması motorik özellikleri sergilemede yüksek performans için önemlidir. Son zamanlarda genel vücut ısınması gibi sportif performansa katkı sunan solunum kası ısınması spor bilimcilerin ilgisini çeken bir konu olmuştur. Bu düşünce ile yapılan çalışmanın amacı, farklı solunum kası ısınmalarının solunum parametreleri üzerine olan etkisinin incelenmesidir. Çalışmaya 12-14 yaşları arasında 30 gönüllü kız çocuk katılmıştır. Katılımcılara farklı günlerde olmak üzere plasebo aletli solunum kası ısınması, büzük dudak solunum kası egzersizi ve aletli solunum kası ısınması olmak üzere üç farklı solunum kası ısınması yaptırılmış ve spirometre ile solunum parametreleri belirlenmiştir. Uygulamalar arası fark One-Way ANOVA testi ile belirlenmiş, farkın hangi gruptan kaynaklandığı Tukey testi ile tespit edilmiştir. Bütün solunum parametrelerindeki en yüksek değerlerin sırası ile aletli solunum kası ısınması, büzük dudak solunum kası egzersizi ve plasebo aletli solunum kası ısınmasında olduğu belirlenmiştir. Uygulatılan farklı solunum kası ısınmalarının solunum parametrelerinde artış meydana getirdiği, en yüksek değerin ise aletli solunum kası ısınmasında  olduğu görülmüştür (FVC=3,99±,56 FEV1= 3,76±,55 PEF= 6,54±,43 FEV1/FVC= 93,58±2,11). Sonuç olarak, yapılacak antrenmanlar ya da müsabakalar öncesi sporcu performansının artırılması amacıyla solunum kası ısınmasının yaptırılması önerilmektedir. Şartlar uygun ise solunum kası ısınmasının maksimal inspiratuar basınç (MIP) değerleri ayarlanabilen solunum egzersiz aletleri ile yapılması tavsiye edilmektedir

Mechanical Behaviour of As-Manufactured and Repaired Aligned Discontinuous Basalt Fibre-Reinforced Vitrimer Composites

The aim of this research is to investigate basalt as a natural mineral-based fibre together with a vitrimeric resin as a sustainable alternative to standard composite materials. Vitrimers combine the properties of thermoset and thermoplastic polymers, enabling the repair of specimens and hence prolonging the lifetime of the composite material. The micro-mechanical characteristics between the basalt fibres and the vitrimer resin are reported and shown to match those of a standard Skyflex K51 epoxy resin. Discontinuous (4 mm) basalt fibres were employed to produce aligned discontinuous fibre-reinforced composites (ADFRCs) using the high-performance discontinuous fibre (HiPerDiF) technology. The mechanical characteristics of the laminates were investigated through tensile testing and the fracture zones were analysed under a scanning electron microscope. By normalising the results by their respective fibre volume fraction, it was discovered that the vitrimer–basalt ADFRCs exhibited, on average, a 4% higher strength and a 25% higher stiffness compared to their basalt epoxy counterparts. The repair potential of the vitrimer ADFRC specimens was explored during low-temperature compression repair. Two approaches were tested using double-sided local- and full-patch repair. Both successfully recovered a significant amount of their prime strength. In conclusion, the potential of the sustainable vitrimer–basalt composite is shown by its competitive mechanical performance. Combining this with the manufacturing flexibility, repair potential, and recyclability of the material, the vitrimer–basalt composite seems to be a competitive alternative to standard glass epoxies.<br/