Single top or bottom production associated with a scalar in \gamma p collision as a probe of topcolor-assisted technicolor

In the framework of the topcolor-assisted technicolor (TC2) models, we study the productions of a single top or bottom quark associated with a scalar in \gamma-p collision, which proceed via the subprocesses c\gamma -> t\pi_t^0, c\gamma -> t h_t^0 and c\gamma -> b\pi^+_t mediated by the anomalous top or bottom coupling tc\pi_t^0, tch_t^0 and bc\pi_t^+. These productions, while extremely suppressed in the Standard Model, are found to be significantly enhanced in the large part of the TC2 parameter space, especially the production via c\gamma -> b\pi^+ can have a cross section of 100 fb, which may be accessible and allow for a test of the TC2 models.Comment: 13 pages, 4 figures, comments and references adde

Morphological characteristics of rabbits’ carpal tunnel: Evaluation of its potential for carpal tunnel research

This study aimed to define the main anatomic components and describe the normal size and form of the carpal tunnel in rabbits using imaging techniques.  It was also aimed to evaluate the potential of rabbits as an animal model for carpal tunnel research. The forelimbs of eight adult New Zealand rabbits were investigated using histology, magnetic resonance, and computed tomography. Two cadavers were used for anatomical dissection to support the findings. The carpal tunnel was examined at proximal and distal levels, and it was found that the flexor retinaculum is two-layered in rabbits. Both vascular nerve bundles, including the median nerve and the ramus palmaris of the ulnar nerve, were within two layers of it and passed through the carpal tunnel. The deep digital flexor, superficial digital flexor, and radial carpal flexor tendons were observed within the carpal tunnel. The flexor pollicis longus tendon is not found in rabbits. The area of the carpal tunnel narrowed towards the distal end in three methods, and its depth decreased in CT and MRI. The length of the accessory carpal bone determined this depth. The study found that rabbits' carpal tunnels are morphologically similar to those of humans compared to dogs. This situation is thought to pave the way for more accurate approaches to carpal tunnel research in rabbits

Kratkotrajno očuvanje sperme potočne pastrmke (salmo trutta macrostigma): delovanje ekstendera na pokretljivost

Cilj eksperimenta je bila procena spermatoloških parametara kratkotrajno čuvane sperme potočne pastrmke (Salmo trutta macrostigma) korišćenjem različitih ekstendera. Mleč je uzorkovan od odraslih mužjaka istiskanjem rukom, bez anestezije. Po određivanju najvažnijih karakteristika sperme (volumen, pokretljivost, trajanje pokretljivosti, gustina, pH) uzorci sperme koji su pokazali >80 pokretljivosti su prikupljeni i razblaženi u odnosu 1:3 sa tri različita ekstendera. Razblažena sperma je čuvana 72 sata na 4°C. Tokom čuvanja na svaka 24 h je procenjivan motilitet spermatozoida (%). U zaključku, rezultati studije su pokazali da se ekstender I pokazao boljim od druga 2 za kratkotrajno očuvanje sperme potočne pastrmke

Attenuation of Stimulated Accumbal Dopamine Release by NMDA Is Mediated through Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors

Electrically stimulated dopamine release from the nucleus accumbens is attenuated following application of N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA), which is likely to be mediated indirectly through intermediary neuronal mechanisms rather than by a direct action on dopamine terminals. On the basis of known modulatory processes in nucleus accumbens, the current experiments sought to test whether the effect of NMDA was mediated through cholinergic, GABA-ergic, or metabotropic glutamatergic intermediate mechanisms. Fast-scan cyclic voltammetry was used to measure electrically stimulated dopamine release in nucleus accumbens of rat brain slices in vitro. Stimulated dopamine release was attenuated by NMDA, confirming previous findings, but this attenuation was unaffected by either cholinergic or GABA-ergic antagonists. However, it was completely abolished by the nonselective group I/II/III metabotropic glutamate receptor antagonist α-methyl-4-carboxyphenylglycine (MCPG) and by the selective group II antagonist LY 341396. Therefore, group II metabotropic glutamate receptors, but not acetylcholine or GABA receptors, mediate the attenuation of stimulated dopamine release caused by NMDA, probably by presynaptic inhibition through receptors located extra-synaptically on dopamine terminals. This provides a plausible mechanism for the documented role of metabotropic glutamate receptor systems in restoring deficits induced by NMDA receptor antagonists, modeling schizophrenia, underlining the potential for drugs affecting these receptors as therapeutic agents in treating schizophrenia

Laser-induced transient magnons in Sr₃Ir₂O₇ throughout the Brillouin zone

Although ultrafast manipulation of magnetism holds great promise for new physical phenomena and applications, targeting specific states is held back by our limited understanding of how magnetic correlations evolve on ultrafast timescales. Using ultrafast resonant inelastic X-ray scattering we demonstrate that femtosecond laser pulses can excite transient magnons at large wavevectors in gapped antiferromagnets and that they persist for several picoseconds, which is opposite to what is observed in nearly gapless magnets. Our work suggests that materials with isotropic magnetic interactions are preferred to achieve rapid manipulation of magnetism

International practice of corticosteroid replacement therapy in congenital adrenal hyperplasia - data from the I-CAH registry.

OBJECTIVE: Despite published guidelines no unified approach to hormone replacement in congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) exists. We aimed to explore geographical and temporal variations in the treatment with glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids in CAH. DESIGN: This retrospective multi-center study, including 31 centers (16 countries), analyzed data from the International-CAH Registry. METHODS: Data was collected from 461 patients aged 0-18 years with classic 21-hydroxylase deficiency (54.9% females) under follow-up between 1982 - 2018. Type, dose and timing of glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid replacement was analyzed from 4174 patient visits. RESULTS: The most frequently used glucocorticoid was hydrocortisone (87.6%). Overall, there were significant differences between age groups with regards to daily hydrocortisone-equivalent dose for body surface, with the lowest dose (median with interquartile range) of 12.0 (10.0 - 14.5) mg/ m2/ day at age 1 - 8 years and the highest dose of 14.0 (11.6 - 17.4) mg/ m2/ day at age 12-18 years. Glucocorticoid doses decreased after 2010 in patients 0-8 years (p<0.001) and remained unchanged in patients aged 8-18 years. Fludrocortisone was used in 92% of patients, with relative doses decreasing with age. A wide variation was observed among countries with regards to all aspects of steroid hormone replacement. CONCLUSIONS: Data from the I-CAH Registry suggests international variations in hormone replacement therapy, with a tendency to treatment with high doses in children