Effect of density on some physiological responses to transportation stress in Mesopotamichthys sharpeyi (Günther 1874) fingerlings

In the present study, the effect of density on transportation stress in Mesopotamichthys sharpey fingerlings was evaluated. For this purpose, four different densities, including 40, 80, 120 and 160 g/l were used as treatments each with 3 replicates. Simulation of transport procedure was carried out for 4 hrs. The blood samples were collected from the fish prior to loading from the stocking tank (control), after 4 hrs of transportation and from released fish into recovery glass tanks at 6, 12, 24, 48 and 96 hrs after transportation during recovery period. For blood sampling, fish immediately anesthetized by adding 2% 2-phenoxy ethanol and the blood samples were prepared. The cortisol, glucose and lactate value of plasma were measured. The results showed a significant increase in cortisol and glucose levels (in highest density) after transportation in all treatments (P0.05). The results showed that only cortisol level was significantly different with basal level at 96 hrs. Our findings showed that this species can be transported at higher densities up to 120 g/l

Radiographic Evaluation of Root Canal Fillings Accomplished by Undergraduate Dental Students

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the radiographic quality of root canal fillings by fourth-, fifth-, and sixth-year undergraduate students at Tabriz Faculty of Dentistry between 2006 and 2012. Methods and Materials: A total of 1183 root canal fillings in 620 teeth were evaluated by two investigators (and in case of disagreement by a third investigator) regarding the presence or absence of under-fillings, over-fillings and perforations. For each tooth, preoperative, working and postoperative radiographs were checked. The Pearson’s chi-square test was used for statistical evaluation of the data. Inter-examiner agreement was measured by Cohen’s kappa (k) values. The level of significance was set at 0.05. Results: Total frequencies of over-filling, under-filling and perforation were 5.6%, 20.4% and 1.9%, respectively. There were significant differences between frequencies of over- and under-fillings (P<0.05). Unacceptable quality, under- and over-fillings were detected in 27.9% of 1183 evaluated canals. Conclusion: The technical quality of root canal therapies performed by undergraduate dental students using step-back preparation and lateral compaction techniques was unacceptable in almost one-fourth of the cases

The Effect of Perioperative Dimethyl Sulfoxide Efficacy on Regional and Local Flaps Viability

Background: The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects and results of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) usage on viability and perfusion of local and regional flaps in rabbits, via this study we are going to conclude whether DMSO could be effective after flap operations in human or not. Materials and Methods: Local and regional DMSO spray was used on rabbit’s dorsum flaps immediately after the operation and once per day up to 7 days post-op in 14 rabbits, divided equally to control group (saline solution spray) or experiment group (DMSO spray). The results were compared 3 and 7 days after operations. Results: There were improved results attributed to the DMSO effects regarding flap survival Conclusion: We concluded that topical application of DMSO reduces skin flap ischemia in rabbits and we highly advise the use of it after operations in which skin flaps are created

New metal organic framework (MOF) nanoparticle for gas separation by matrix membranes

{[Dy(BTC)(H2O)]•DMF}n metal organic framework nanoparticles was synthezed through solvthermal method. The product was characterized by XRD, TG, BET, and SEM techniques. SEM images showed that the synthesized sample has semi-cubic particles with average size of 70 nm in length.For improve the gas separation performance,the MOF nano particles were dispersed in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) for preparation of mixed matrix membrane (MMM) on support of polyethersulphone (PES). The performance of obtained MMM in separation of NO, N2 and O2 gas were investigated, and the effect of MOF nanoparticles (5, 10, and 15% wt)and feed pressure (100-250 kPa) on permeability and selectivity were studied. It was found that the membrane performance is evaluated by addition of MOF nano particles in membrane (polymeric matrix), and the feed pressure have not important effect on separation. The performance (NO/N2 and NO/O2 selectivity) increased as the loading of MOF particles (up to 15% wt) being dispersed within the polymer matrices

Selective laser melting-produced porous titanium scaffolds regenerate bone in critical size cortical bone defects

Porous titanium scaffolds have good mechanical properties that make them an interesting bone substitute material for large bone defects. These scaffolds can be produced with selective laser melting, which has the advantage of tailoring the structure's architecture. Reducing the strut size reduces the stiffness of the structure and may have a positive effect on bone formation. Two scaffolds with struts of 120-μm (titanium-120) or 230-μm (titanium-230) were studied in a load-bearing critical femoral bone defect in rats. The defect was stabilized with an internal plate and treated with titanium-120, titanium-230, or left empty. In vivo micro-CT scans at 4, 8, and 12 weeks showed more bone in the defects treated with scaffolds. Finally, 18.4 ± 7.1 mm3(titanium-120, p = 0.015) and 18.7 ± 8.0 mm3(titanium-230, p = 0.012) of bone was formed in those defects, significantly more than in the empty defects (5.8 ± 5.1 mm3). Bending tests on the excised femurs after 12 weeks showed that the fusion strength reached 62% (titanium-120) and 45% (titanium-230) of the intact contralateral femurs, but there was no significant difference between the two scaffolds. This study showed that in addition to adequate mechanical support, porous titanium scaffolds facilitate bone formation, which results in high mechanical integrity of the treated large bone defects. Copyrigh

The Antioxidant Activity of New Coumarin Derivatives

The antioxidant activity of two synthesized coumarins namely, N-(4,7-dioxo-2- phenyl-1,3-oxazepin-3(2H,4H,7H)-yl)-2-(2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yloxy)acetamide 5 and N-(4-oxo-2-phenylthiazolidin-3-yl)-2-(2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yloxy)acetamide 6 were studied with the DPPH, hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide radical methods and compared with the known antioxidant ascorbic acid. Compounds 5 and 6 were synthesized in a good yield from the addition reaction of maleic anhydride or mercaptoacetic acid to compound 4, namely N′-benzylidene-2-(2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yloxy)acetohydrazide. Compound 4 was synthesized by the condensation of compound 3, namely 2-(2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yloxy) acetohydrazide, with benzaldehyde. Compound 3, however, was synthesized from the addition of hydrazine to compound 2, namely ethyl 2-(2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yloxy)acetate, which was synthesized from the reaction of ethyl bromoacetate with 4-hydroxycoumarin 1. Structures for the synthesized coumarins 2–6 are proposed on the basis of spectroscopic evidence

Localized osteomyelitis of the mandible secondary to dental treatment: report of a case

Osteomyelitis of the jaws following dental treatment is a rare condition which usually occurs in immuno-compromised patients both locally and generally. A case is presented with the alveolar bone necrosis resulting from leakage of an arsenical devitalizing paste into the periodontium. The treatment procedures and the outcomes are discussed in this article

Health-related quality of life and the ability to perform activities of daily living: a cross-sectional study on 1079 war veterans with ankle-foot disorders

Abstract Background The ankle-foot injuries are among the war-related injuries that cause many serious secondary problems for a lifetime. This nationwide study aimed to assess health-related quality of life and the ability to perform activities of daily living in veterans with ankle-foot injuries due to the Iran-Iraq war. Methods A total of 1079 veterans with ankle-foot injuries were enrolled in a cross-sectional study from 2014 to 2016. Demographic characteristics, including age, gender, marital status, disability percent, educational level, employment and additional injuries, were collected. The ability to perform daily activities was assessed using the Barthel activities of daily living (ADL) and Lawton instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) Indexes. Physical and mental health-related quality of life (HRQOL) data were measured via the SF-36 subscales. The data were compared with those of bilateral lower limb amputees (BLLAs) and of the general Iranian population. Statistical analyses, including Pearson’s correlation coefficient, one-sample t-test and analysis of variance (ANOVA), were performed using SPSS16.0. A multiple linear regression model was used to determine the contribution of independent variables to the Physical Component Summary (PCS) and Mental Component Summary (MCS). Results The highest and lowest scores were observed for mental health (48.93 ± 20.69) and bodily pain (28.16 ± 21.74), respectively. The mean scores of veterans with ankle-foot injuries on the SF-36 were significantly lower on all eight measures than those of the general Iranian male population and of the bilateral lower limb amputees (P < 0.001). The mean scores of ADLs and IADLs were 83.9 ± 16.3 and 5.3 ± 2.0, respectively. The higher dependency in ADLs (P < 0.001) and IADLs (P < 0.001), the higher disability rate (P < 0.001) and additional injury (P < 0.001) were significant determinants of the PCS. ADL (P < 0.001) and IADL (P < 0.001) limitations, additional injury (P < 0.001), history of hospitalization in the year preceding the study (P = 0.007) and employment (P = 0.001) were reported as determinants of the MCS. Conclusion The results strongly suggest that veterans with ankle-foot injuries suffer from critically poor health-related quality of life. The main predicting factors of HRQOL were the disability to perform ADLs/IADLs, suffering two or more injuries, a history of hospitalization in the year preceding the study and unemployment

Effect of density on some physiological responses to transportation stress in Mesopotamichthys sharpeyi (Günther 1874) fingerlings

In the present study, the effect of density on transportation stress in Mesopotamichthys sharpey fingerlings was evaluated. For this purpose, four different densities, including 40, 80, 120 and 160 g/l were used as treatments each with 3 replicates. Simulation of transport procedure was carried out for 4 hrs. The blood samples were collected from the fish prior to loading from the stocking tank (control), after 4 hrs of transportation and from released fish into recovery glass tanks at 6, 12, 24, 48 and 96 hrs after transportation during recovery period. For blood sampling, fish immediately anesthetized by adding 2% 2-phenoxy ethanol and the blood samples were prepared. The cortisol, glucose and lactate value of plasma were measured. The results showed a significant increase in cortisol and glucose levels (in highest density) after transportation in all treatments (P0.05). The results showed that only cortisol level was significantly different with basal level at 96 hrs. Our findings showed that this species can be transported at higher densities up to 120 g/l

Effects of short-term starvation and re-feeding on antioxidant defense status in Mesopotamichthys sharpeyi (Günther, 1874) fingerlings

The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of short-term starvation and re-feeding on oxidative stress in Mesopotamichthys sharpeyi (Günther, 1874). After two weeks adaptation to new conditions, a total number of 270 fingerlings were distributed into nine 300-L fiberglass tanks, equipped with aeration system in three treatments including 4, 8 and 16 days starvation (each in 3 replicates). After starvation, all groups were fed for 32 days. At the beginning of trial and at the end of starvation and re-feeding periods, blood samples were collected, plasma was separated and activity of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were assayed. Based on the results, no significant difference was observed in SOD activity at the end of starvation and also after re-feeding between the different treatments. At the end of starvation the activity of the CAT and GPX increased significantly in 8 and 16 days of starvation groups compared to the base. Moreover, a significant increase in MDA levels of plasma was found during food deprivation. These findings showed that short-time starvation increased antioxidant enzymes activity in plasma of M. sharpeyi but short-term food deprivation and re-feeding periods in this species does not cause disturbances in the antioxidant defense status