2,2′-[Pyridine-2,6-diylbis(carbonyl­hydrazono)]dipropanoic acid N,N-dimethyl­formamide disolvate

The complete molecule of the title compound, C13H13N5O6·2C3H7NO, is generated by crystallographic twofold rotation with an N and a C atom lying on the axis. The structure is stabilized by inter­molecular O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds

TJECAJ FLUKTUACIJE CIJENA NA EFIKASNOST RASPODJELE RESURSA

This paper develops a dynamic model to analyze the effects of different levels of price fluctuations on resource allocation efficiency. The model shows two different strategies that enterprises adopt when they confront different levels of price fluctuations. In respond to small fluctuations, enterprises might adopt a conservative strategy of maintaining the ratio of factor inputs and leaving production plans unchanged of the adjustment cost. As a result, allocation inefficiency is unavoidable. However, greater fluctuations which increase the opportunity cost of a conservative strategy induce enterprises to accept an adjustment strategy; they must change the ratio of factor inputs and the production plans passively. This transformation indicates that a threshold effect exists in the price fluctuations’ influence on resource allocation inefficiency. Using stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) and China’s provincial panel data of 1978 to 2007, this paper confirms that price fluctuation has a nonlinear effect on allocation efficiency loss, and concludes that traditional analyses underestimate the adverse impacts of price fluctuation on China\u27s economy.Ovaj rad razvija dinamički model za analizu efekata različitih nivoa fluktuacija cijena na efikasnost raspodjele resursa. Model pokazuje dvije različite strategije koje poduzeća usvajaju pri suočavanju s različitim nivoima fluktuacije cijena. Kao odgovor malim fluktuacijama, poduzeća bi mogla usvojiti konzervativnu strategiju održavanja omjera faktorskih troškova i ostavljanja proizvodnih planova nepromijenjenim za troškove prilagodbe. Na taj način je neefikasnost raspodjele neizbježna. Ipak, veće fluktuacije koje povećavaju mogućnost troška konzervativne strategije prisiljavaju poduzeća da prihvate strategiju prilagođavanja; moraju pasivno promijeniti omjer faktorskih troškova i planova proizvodnje. Ova transformacija ukazuje na to da postoji efekt praga kod utjecaja fluktuacije cijena na neefikasnost raspodjele resursa. Koristeći analizu stohastičkih granica (SFA) i kineske provincijske panelne podatke od 1978. do 2007., ovaj rad potvrđuje da fluktuacija cijena ima nelinearni efekt na gubitak efikasnosti raspodjele te zaključuje da tradicionalne analize podcjenjuju negativne utjecaje fluktuacije cijena na kinesku ekonomiju

Genetic variants associated with the root system architecture of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) under contrasting phosphate supply

Breeding crops with ideal root system architecture for efficient absorption of phosphorus is an important strategy to reduce the use of phosphate fertilizers. To investigate genetic variants leading to changes in root system architecture, 405 oilseed rape cultivars were genotyped with a 60K Brassica Infinium SNP array in low and high P environments. A total of 285 single-nucleotide polymorphisms were associated with root system architecture traits at varying phosphorus levels. Nine single-nucleotide polymorphisms corroborate a previous linkage analysis of root system architecture quantitative trait loci in the BnaTNDH population. One peak single-nucleotide polymorphism region on A3 was associated with all root system architecture traits and co-localized with a quantitative trait locus for primary root length at low phosphorus. Two more single-nucleotide polymorphism peaks on A5 for root dry weight at low phosphorus were detected in both growth systems and co-localized with a quantitative trait locus for the same trait. The candidate genes identified on A3 form a haplotype ‘BnA3Hap’, that will be important for understanding the phosphorus/root system interaction and for the incorporation into Brassica napus breeding programs

HUBUNGAN ANTARA GAYA MENGAJAR GURU DN GAYA BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK DENGAN MINAT DAN HASIL BELAJAR BIOLOGI PESERTA DIDIK SMA DI KOTA BULUKUMBA

Abstract: The Relation Between Teachers’ Teaching style and Students’ Learning Styles Toward The Interest and Learning Result of Biology Subject of Senior High School Students In Bulukumba City. The learning process, affected by many factors, that factors are related, While the variable in question is the teacher's teaching styles, learning styles of learners, learning and learning outcomes of students. So, the purpose of this study are know the relationship between (i) the teacher's teaching style with the learning styles of students in senior high school in Bulukumba city, (ii) the teacher's teaching style with the Biology learning interests, (iii) the teacher's teaching style with the Biology learning outcomes, (iv) learning styles with Biology learning outcomes, (v) the learning interest with Biology learning outcomes of students in senior high school of Bulukumba city. This research is ex post facto with data collection using questionnaires and documentation. The result descriptive statistical of student perception of teaching style showed that have average value is 145, in good category. Most student has a visual learning styles. The average values of interest is 142, in the high category. And the average value of student learning outcomes is 76 in good category. Hypotesis used pearson correlation test and got value of sig. 2 tailed ≤ 0,05. So, Ho rejected and H1 accepted. The results showed that (i) teachers teaching styles has relationship with learning styles in senior high school in Bulukumba city Academic Year 2015/2016, with the relationship strength in the medium category; (ii) teachers teaching style has relationship with the Biology learning interests, with the relationship strength in the low category; (iii) teachers' teaching style has relationship with Biology learning outcome student, with the relationship strength in the low category; (iv) learning styles of learners has relationship with biology learning outcomes student with the relationship strength in the low category; (v) the interest of learners has relationship with biology learning outcomes student, with the relationship strength in the medium category. Key Words: teaching styles, learning styles, interest, outcome

Large vessel occlusion stroke outcomes in diabetic vs. non-diabetic patients with acute stress hyperglycemia

ObjectiveThis study assesses whether stress-induced hyperglycemia is a predictor of poor outcome at 3 months for patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) treated by endovascular treatment (EVT) and impacted by their previous blood glucose status.MethodsThis retrospective study collected data from 576 patients with AIS due to large vessel occlusion (LVO) treated by EVT from March 2019 to June 2022. The sample was composed of 230 and 346 patients with and without diabetes mellitus (DM), respectively, based on their premorbid diabetic status. Prognosis was assessed with modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at 3-month after AIS. Poor prognosis was defined as mRS>2. Stress-induced hyperglycemia was assessed by fasting glucose-to-glycated hemoglobin ratio (GAR). Each group was stratified into four groups by quartiles of GAR (Q1–Q4). Binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify relationship between different GAR quartiles and clinical outcome after EVT.ResultsIn DM group, a poor prognosis was seen in 122 (53%) patients and GAR level was 1.27 ± 0.44. These variables were higher than non-DM group and the differences were statistically significant (p < 0.05, respectively). Patients with severe stress-induced hyperglycemia demonstrated greater incidence of 3-month poor prognosis (DM: Q1, 39.7%; Q2, 45.6%; Q3, 58.6%; Q4, 68.4%; p = 0.009. Non-DM: Q1, 31%; Q2, 32.6%; Q3, 42.5%; Q4, 64%; p < 0.001). However, the highest quartile of GAR was independently associated with poor prognosis at 3 months (OR 3.39, 95% CI 1.66–6.96, p = 0.001), compared to the lowest quartile in non-DM patients after logistic regression. This association was not observed from DM patients.ConclusionThe outcome of patients with acute LVO stroke treated with EVT appears to be influenced by premorbid diabetes status. However, the poor prognosis at 3-month in patients with DM is not independently correlated with stress-induced hyperglycemia. This could be due to the long-term damage of persistent hyperglycemia and diabetic patients’ adaptive response to stress following acute ischemic damage to the brain

Blood transcriptome reveals immune and metabolic-related genes involved in growth of pasteurized colostrum-fed calves

The quality of colostrum is a key factor contributing to healthy calf growth, and pasteurization of colostrum can effectively reduce the counts of pathogenic microorganisms present in the colostrum. Physiological changes in calves fed with pasteurized colostrum have been well characterized, but little is known about the underlying molecular mechanisms. In this study, key genes and functional pathways through which pasteurized colostrum affects calf growth were identified through whole blood RNA sequencing. Our results showed that calves in the pasteurized group (n = 16) had higher body height and daily weight gain than those in the unpasteurized group (n = 16) in all months tested. Importantly, significant differences in body height were observed at 3 and 4 months of age (p < 0.05), and in daily weight gain at 2, 3, and 6 months of age (p < 0.05) between the two groups. Based on whole blood transcriptome data from 6-months old calves, 630 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), of which 235 were upregulated and 395 downregulated, were identified in the pasteurized compared to the unpasteurized colostrum groups. Most of the DEGs have functions in the immune response (e.g., CCL3, CXCL3, and IL1A) and metabolism (e.g., PTX3 and EXTL1). Protein-protein interaction analyses of DEGs revealed three key subnetworks and fifteen core genes, including UBA52 and RPS28, that have roles in protein synthesis, oxidative phosphorylation, and inflammatory responses. Twelve co-expression modules were identified through weighted gene co-expression network analysis. Among them, 17 genes in the two modules that significantly associated with pasteurization were mainly involved in the tricarboxylic acid cycle, NF-kappa B signaling, and NOD-like receptor signaling pathways. Finally, DEGs that underwent alternative splicing in calves fed pasteurized colostrum have roles in the immune response (SLCO4A1, AKR1C4, and MED13L), indicative of potential roles in immune regulation. Results from multiple analytical methods used suggest that differences in calf growth between the pasteurized and unpasteurized groups may be due to differential immune activity. Our data provide new insights into the impact of pasteurization on calf immune and metabolic-related pathways through its effects on gene expression

Microstructure and properties of a deformation-processed Cu-Cr-Ag in situ composite by directional solidification

Cu-7Cr-0.07Ag alloys were prepared by casting and directional solidification, from which deformation-processed in situ composites were prepared by thermo-mechanical processing. The microstructure, mechanical properties, and electrical properties were investigated using optical microscopy, scanning electronic microscopy, tensile testing, and a micro-ohmmeter. The second-phase Cr grains of the directional solidification Cu-7Cr-0.07Ag in situ composite were parallel to the drawing direction and were finer, which led to a higher tensile strength and a better combination of properties

Four Work-Ins by Australian Journalists, 1944-80

During industrial disputes with employers between 1944 and 1980 the Australian Journalist's Association occasionally turned to the tactic of the work-in, producing wild cat newspapers during strikes in Sydney. These newspapers (The News, and The Clarion) exemplified problematic elements of the work-in as a working-class strategy. While single incident studies of the work-in have been conducted in Australia, the Australian Journalist Association work-ins present a time series of struggle. This time series allows for a broader evaluation of the radical content of the work-in and indicates that the tactic can become systematised, less radical, and less participatory when not connected to a broader generation of workplace radical behaviour by workers. In short: the work-in, much like the strike or go slow, can become a tame cat tactic – it is not inherently transgressive or opposed to capitalist production. Expectedly, the first work-ins were more radical in scope, presenting a newspaper which fully duplicated the commodity produced under capitalist control and in some ways exceeded the scope presented by capitalist organised journalism in both a material and a cultural sense. However, this radical economic potential dissipated by the end of the time series of work-ins. Instead of providing an alternative commodity fit for market, the tactic produced propaganda pieces aimed primarily at the members of the community who would be predisposed to favour the journalist's case. The 1980s Clarion was not a daily newspaper of news, sport, racing, women's interest, classifieds, and general opinion. This change will be explained in terms of human causes such as skills loss, production process causes such as computerisation and wire services, and broader social causes such as the changing role of the newspaper in Australian society.The symposium is organised on behalf of AAHANZBS by the Business and Labour History Group, The University of Sydney, with the financial support of the University’s Faculty of Economics and Business

Lymphoma endothelium preferentially expresses Tim-3 and facilitates the progression of lymphoma by mediating immune evasion

Angiogenesis is increasingly recognized as an important prognosticator associated with the progression of lymphoma and as an attractive target for novel modalities. We report a previously unrecognized mechanism by which lymphoma endothelium facilitates the growth and dissemination of lymphoma by interacting with circulated T cells and suppresses the activation of CD4+ T cells. Global gene expression profiles of microdissected endothelium from lymphoma and reactive lymph nodes revealed that T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain–containing molecule 3 (Tim-3) was preferentially expressed in lymphoma-derived endothelial cells (ECs). Clinically, the level of Tim-3 in B cell lymphoma endothelium was closely correlated to both dissemination and poor prognosis. In vitro, Tim-3+ ECs modulated T cell response to lymphoma surrogate antigens by suppressing activation of CD4+ T lymphocytes through the activation of the interleukin-6–STAT3 pathway, inhibiting Th1 polarization, and providing protective immunity. In a lymphoma mouse model, Tim-3–expressing ECs promoted the onset, growth, and dissemination of lymphoma by inhibiting activation of CD4+ T cells and Th1 polarization. Our findings strongly argue that the lymphoma endothelium is not only a vessel system but also a functional barrier facilitating the establishment of lymphoma immune tolerance. These findings highlight a novel molecular mechanism that is a potential target for enhancing the efficacy of tumor immunotherapy and controlling metastatic diseases