Case of retinal detachment due to retinal break splitting macula vertically in a patient with cognitive disorder

We report a patient with cognitive disorder who had a rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). A 17-year-old Japanese man presented with a RRD with a vitreous hemorrhage in his right eye. An unusual vertical splitting of the macula accompanied by a giant retinal tear was observed intraoperatively. The retina was successfully reattached by pars plana vitrectomy with silicone oil tamponade and scleral buckling. Visual function appeared to have improved from the behavior of the patient. Although the precise mechanism causing the break which split the macula was not determined, self-inflicted blunt trauma to the eye was suspected

Linear optical quantum computation with frequency-comb qubits and passive devices

We propose a linear optical quantum computation scheme using time-frequency degree of freedom. In this scheme, a qubit is encoded in single-photon frequency combs, and manipulation of the qubits is performed using time-resolving detectors, beam splitters, and optical interleavers. This scheme does not require active devices such as high-speed switches and electro-optic modulators and is robust against temporal and spectral errors, which are mainly caused by the detectors' finite resolution. We show that current technologies almost meet the requirements for fault-tolerant quantum computation.Comment: 6+3 pages, 3 figure

脳血流画像の解析結果に対応した空間統計学用スムージング関数

取得学位 : 博士（保健学）, 学位授与番号 : 医博甲第2111号 , 学位授与年月日 : 平成22年3月23日, 学位授与大学 : 金沢大学, 審査結果の報告日 : 平成22年2月16

Structural Transformation of Tungsten-Zirconium Hydroxide Crystals Upon Calcination Characterized by XRD, XAFS and Acid Catalyzed Reaction

W：Zr 比が2：1 の二元系水酸化物を水熱合成法にて調製し，水熱処理の保持時間および焼成温度の異なる物質の構造をX 線回折，X 線吸収分光法で検討し，酸触媒特性を評価した．453 K での水熱処理では12 時間までは高表面積かつ結晶性の低い化学種（I 相）が生じ，24 時間以降で結晶性の高い水和物（ZWOH 結晶）が得られた．ZWOH 結晶は573−773K で結晶性の低いZrW2O8 多形（II 相），823−873K で立方晶ZrW2O8 へ変化することをX 線分析，UV-Vis 分光法および熱重量分析で確認した．I 相はアニソールのベンジルアルコールによるアルキル化を促進する固体強酸触媒として機能し，873K 焼成体が最高活性を示した．ZWOH 結晶およびZrW2O8 はアルキル化活性を示さなかった．立方晶系ZrW2O8 の結晶性の低いI 相が混在しても通常のXRD 解析では検出困難であるが，表面積測定および活性試験を併用すると混在の推定が可能であった．Tungsten zirconium hydroxides (ZWOH) with the molar ratio of W/Zr =2 were synthesized by a hydrothermal process at 453 K for 6-72 h. Structure of the hydroxides with different crystallinity and the transformation upon calcination were characterized by XRD, XAFS, UV-vis spectroscopic techniques. The ill-crystallized ZWOH with large surface area (>100m2 ·g−1; phase-I) was formed via hydrothermal treatment till 12 h, and well crystallized ZrW2O7(OH)2(H2O)2 (< 2 m2 ·g−1; c-ZWOH) was formed after 24 h. W L-edge XAFS, optical bandgap and thermal gravity analyses gave direct evidence to support the previous suggestion about dehydration process of c-ZWOH to ZrW2O8, where ZrW2O8 polymorphism with low crystallinity (phase-II) and cubic ZrW2O8 crystal formed after calcination in the range of 573−773 and 823−873 K, respectively. The ZWOH phase-I was found to promote alkylation of benzylalcohol with anisole, and the activity exhibited the maximum after calcination at 873 K. The c-ZWOH and ZrW2O8 polymorphisms were catalytically inert for the reaction. Existence of active phase-I as a minor species in ZrW2O8 little influence on XRD pattern, but surface area measurements and the catalytic performance might help to evaluate fraction of phase-I in the Zr-W-O system. The ZWOH phase-I was candidate for a model catalyst of tungstated zirconia strong solid acid to investigate the acidity generation mechanism

Prognostic Value of Neutrophil-To-Lymphocyte Ratio and Platelet-To-Lymphocyte Ratio for Renal Outcomes in Patients with Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis

Background: Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN) is a syndrome characterized by a rapid decline in renal function that often causes end-stage renal disease. Although it is important to predict renal outcome in RPGN before initiating immunosuppressive therapies, no simple prognostic indicator has been reported. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) to renal outcomes in patients with RPGN. Methods: Forty-four patients with a clinical diagnosis of RPGN who underwent renal biopsy were enrolled. The relationships between NLR and PLR and renal outcome after 1 year were investigated. Results: NLR and PLR were significantly higher in patients with preserved renal function in comparison to patients who required maintenance hemodialysis (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively). An NLR of 4.0 and a PLR of 137.7 were the cutoff values for renal outcome (area under the curve, 0.782 and 0.819; sensitivity, 78.4% and 89.2%; specificity, 71.4% and 71.4%, respectively). Furthermore, an NLR of 5.0 could predict recovery from renal injury in patients requiring hemodialysis (area under the curve, 0.929; sensitivity, 83.3%; specificity, 85.7%). Conclusion: NLR and PLR could be candidates for predicting renal outcomes in patients with RPGN