Vrste kukaca koje oštećuju industrijsko drvo u Zapadnoj crnomorskoj regiji u Turskoj

Insect species collected in log depots in Western Black Sea Region of Turkey were identified. The study covered two years, 2015 and 2016, in 21 log depots in seven provinces (Duzce, Bolu, Zonguldak, Bartin, Karabuk, Kastamonu and Sinop). The study area was divided into three sub regions and each sub region was analyzed for insect species, their prevalence and intensities. Overall, four orders, 22 families, 74 genera and 57 species were described in log depots of the study area. Sub region 1 (Düzce-Bolu) showed the highest diversity in terms of insect species and sub region 2 (Zonguldak-Bartin) had the lowest diversity. Dorcus parallelipipedus Linnaeus, 1758 (Coleoptera: Lucanidae) and Rhagium inquisitor Linnaeus, 1758 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) were found in all provinces studied. Based on wood species analysis, Scots pine wood had the highest diversity in insect species, followed by fi r, oak and beech. The study also described some important wood-destroying insect species from the families Anobiidae, Buprestidae and Cerambycidae. Buprestis dalmatina (Mannerheim, 1837) (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), Leptura aurulenta (Fabricius, 1792) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) and Stictoleptura scutellata (Fabricius, 1781) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), all wood-destroying insect species, were identified for the first time in the Western Black Sea Region of Turkey.U sklopu istraživanja identificirane su vrste kukaca koje su prikupljene na stovarištima trupaca u Zapadnoj crnomorskoj regiji u Turskoj. Studija se provodila tijekom dvije godine, 2015. i 2016., na 21 stovarištu u sedam pokrajina (Duzce, Bolu, Zonguldak, Bartin, Karabuk, Kastamonu and Sinop). Područje istraživanja bilo je podijeljeno u tri podregije u kojima su analizirane vrste kukaca, njihova prevalencija i intenzitet. U skladištima trupaca na istraživanom su području ukupno opisana četiri reda, 22 porodice, 74 roda i 57 vrsta kukaca. U podregiji 1. (Düzce-Bolu) primijećena je najveća raznolikost vrsta kukaca, a u podregiji 2. (Zonguldak-Bartin) zabilježena je najmanja raznolikost. U svim istraživanim pokrajinama pronađeni su Dorcus parallelipipedus Linnaeus, 1758 (Coleoptera: Lucanidae) i Rhagium inquisitor Linnaeus, 1758 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae). Na temelju analize različitih vrsta drva zaključeno je da je borovina imala najveću raznolikost vrsta kukaca, a slijedile su jelovina, hrastovina i bukovina. U studiji su također opisane neke važne vrste kukaca koji razaraju drvo, a pripadaju porodicama Anobiidae, Buprestidae and Cerambycidae. Kukci vrsta Buprestis dalmatina (Mannerheim, 1837) (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), Leptura aurulenta (Fabricius, 1792) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) i Stictoleptura scutellata (Fabricius, 1781) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) također razaraju drvo i prvi su put zabilježeni u Zapadnoj crnomorskoj regiji u Turskoj

Activity of commercial still waters from volatile oils production against wood decay fungi

The antifungal properties of some commercial plant waters obtained as side products in producing distilled oils were investigated. Paper disc samples were impregnated with various plant waters and exposed to wood decay fungi for 3 months in Petri dishes. Ten types of plant water (Laurus nobilis, Calluna vulgaris, Lavandula stoechas, Thymus vulgaris, Myrtus communis, Eucalyptus globulus, Mentha pulegium, Urtica dioica, Melissa officinalis, and Matricaria chamomilla were examined. Seven fungi were used (Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Ceriporiopsis subvermisphora, Gloeophyllum trabeum, Trametes versicolor, Oligoporus placenta, Pleurotus ostreatus, and Coniophora puteana). The antifungal activities of the plant waters obtained from thyme and lavender were particularly high

Determination of Molybdenum Contents and Relation of Some Heavy Metals in the Soil of Meadow-Pasture Terraces Between Kırıkhan-Reyhanlı

This study was aimed to determine the molybdenum content of meadow - pasture soil between Kırıkhan and Reyhanlı in Hatay province and to determine the relations of the molybdenum content with some heavy metals in the soil. For this purpose, two different depths (0-20 and 20-40 cm) representing grassland pasture lands and 80 soil samples from 40 different points were taken. Cadmium (Cd), Cobalt (Co), Nickel (Ni), Lead (Pb), Copper (Cu), Iron (Fe), and Molybdenum (Mo) contents were determined in the soil samples. The contents of the available Cd, Co, Pb, Cu, Fe, Ni and Mo of the soil were determined by reading the 0.005 M DTPA + 0.01 M CaCl2 + 0.1 M TEA extracts in the ICP instrument. The results of the research shows that the Cd contents of the soils are between 0.01-0.32 ppm; Co contents are from 0.01 to 4.97 ppm; Ni contents 0.00 to 20.00 ppm; Pb contents 3.00-67.00 ppm; Cu contents 0.26-7.48 ppm; The Fe contents are between 4.00 and 61.00 and the Mo contents are between 0.001 and 0.064 ppm. It was determined that there are significant positive relationships between Co, Ni, Pb, Cu and Fe contents of Mo in the soil. It was also determined that there are significant positive significant relationships between Cd and Co; Co with Ni, Pb, Fe and Pb and Cu, Fe and Cu and Fe. No heavy metal pollution was found when the heavy metal contents of the regional soils were compared with the limit values

Meşe, Kayın Odunu ve Fındık Kabuğu Atıklardan Lentinus edodes (Şitaki) Mantarı Üretimi

Bu çalışmanın amacı, bazı tarımsal artıklardan tıbbi olarak da kullanılma potansiyeli olan Lentinus edodes (Şitaki mantarı) mantarı üretmektir. Çalışmada, Düzce ilinde kereste artıklarından ortaya çıkan meşe ve kayın talaşı ile fındık kabukları mantar yetiştirme ortamı olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Bu kapsamda, kullanılan fındık kabukları Wiley değirmeninde öğütülmüştür. Kayın ve meşe talaşları ise kereste işleyen bir fabrikadan hazır olarak temin edilmiştir. Odun talaşları ve fındık kabukları belli oranlarda karıştırılarak kompostlar hazırlanmıştır. Hazırlanan kompostlar, 121 °C ve 1.1 atm’de steril hale getirilmiştir. Şitaki mantar miseli aşılanan kompostlar 26 °C sıcaklık ve %80 bağıl nem ortamında inkübasyon süresini tamamlamış sonrasında ise 5°C’de bekletilip promordium oluşması için tekrar yetiştirme odasına alınmıştır. Özellikle %100 fındık kabuğu ile üretilen mantarların, meşe ve kayın talaşına göre verim bakımından daha düşük değerler verdiği tespit edilmiştir. Ancak fındık kabuğunun diğer iki materyal ile 1:1 oranında karışımlarından elde edilen verimlilik ve biyolojik etkinlik değerleri yalnızca meşe ve kayın talaşından üretilen mantarlarınki ile yaklaşık aynı oran/değerlerdedir. En yüksek verimlilik ve biyolojik etkinlik değerleri meşe talaşı kompostundan elde edilmiştir. Kimyasal içerik sonuçlarına göre, fındık kabuğu ve karışımları toplam azot ve protein bakımından en yüksek değerlere sahiptir. Toplam enerji, karbonhidrat ve yağ oranları bakımından ise kompost karışımları arasında önemli sayılabilecek farklılık tespit edilmemiştir

Penile Abscess Due to Intracavernosal Injection: A Case Report

Penile abscess is a rare clinical entity. We present the case of a 45-year-old paraplegic male who developed penile abscess due to self-administration of intracavernous papaverine injections for erectile dysfunction treatment. Penile magnetic resonance imaging revealed an abscess of 5x4.5 cm in size, located at the right side of the penis and the penile corpus deviated to the left side. Penile exploration, incision and drainage were performed and the patient was treated successfully with intravenous antibiotics. A penile prosthesis was implanted 6 months after the initial surgery

Natural durability of sapwood of some domestic wood species against coptotermes formosanus

Bu çalışmada, akçaağaç (Acer pseudoplatanus), ardıç (Juniperus foetidissima), çınar (Platanus orientalis), ıhlamur (Tilia tomentosa), servi (Cupressus sempervirens) ve zeytin (Olea europaea) gibi bazı yerli ağaç türü diri odunlarının Coptotermes formosanus termitine karşı doğal dayanıklılığı belirlenmiştir. Yirmi bir günlük deneme süresi sonunda, ağırlık kayıpları, özgül ağırlık ve odun tüketimi arasında bir korelasyon olduğu fakat ölüm oranları ile herhangi bir korelasyon olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Ağaç türleri içerisinde Coptotermes formosanus termitine karşı en yüksek direnci gösteren ağaç türü zeytin olurken, en düşük dirençli ağaç türünün ise ıhlamur olduğu belirlenmiştirIn this study, sapwood of some domestic wood species, maple (Acer pseudoplatanus), juniper (Juniperus foetidissima), sycamore (Platanus orientalis), basswood (Tilia tomentosa), Graveyard cypress (Cupressus sempervirens) and olive wood (Olea europaea), were tested for their natural durability against termite (Coptotermes formosanus) activity. At the end of 21-day exposure period, weight loss, mortality and consumption rates were calculated based on weight differences. While basswood sapwood showed the highest weight lost, olive sapwood was recorded as the most durable wood against Coptotermes formosanus

Larvicidal activities of some bark and wood extracts against wood-damaging insects

This study investigates the larvicidal activities of plant extracts and tannins against wood-damaging insects. Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris), beech (Fagus orientalis), and poplar wood (Populus tremula) were subjected to larvae of Spondylis buprestoides (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) by impregnating them with mimosa (Acacia mollissima), quebracho (Schinopsis lorentzii) and redpine bark (Pinus brutia) extracts. At the end of the 6-month experiment, the numbers of dead and live larvae as well as the mean mass losses of woods were determined. In terms of wood species, the lowest larva resistance was observed in Scots pine wood, while the highest larva resistance was achieved by beech wood. The lowest mass losses and the highest dead termite rates in all tree species were observed when the concentration of mimosa and quebracho extracts was 12%. On the other hand, the pine bark extract showed a lower larvicide effect than the other two extracts

The effect of thinning intensity on impregnability (retention) and density of narrow leaved ash wood

Bu çalışmanın amacı, dişbudak (Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl) plantasyonunda uygulanan farklı şiddetteki aralamaların kesit yüksekliğine ve gövde yönüne göre emprenye maddesinin retensiyon miktarı ve yoğunluk değişimine etkilerinin araştırılmasıdır. Bu amaçla dişbudak odunlarından aralamanın yapıldığı son yedi yıllık bölümden, yedi kesiş yüksekliğinden ve kuzey ve güney olmak üzere iki farklı gövde yönünden örnekleme yapılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, odunun yoğunluğu ile emprenye maddesinin retensiyon miktarı arasında zıt yönlü bir ilişki olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Yoğunluk ve retensiyon miktarı bakımından doğal ve şiddetli aralama yapılan örnekler arasında farklılık olduğu, şiddetli aralama yapılan örneklerde yoğunluk azalmakta iken retensiyon miktarında artış olduğu görülmektedir. Ayrıca, gövdenin alt kısmından tepe kısmına doğru ilerledikçe odun yoğunluğunda %25’e varan artış meydana gelirken, retensiyon miktarında %30’lara varan azalma tespit edilmiştir. Gövde yönünün etkisi irdelendiğinde ise, gövdenin kuzeye bakan kısmının güneye bakan kısmına göre daha yoğun olup, retensiyon miktarı bakımından daha az kuru emprenye maddesi absorpladığı tespit edilmiştirThe aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different intensities thinning in the ash (Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl) plantation on the retention amount of impregnation material and density variation according to section height and stem direction. For this purpose, samplings were made from the last seven years thinning section, seven section height and two different stem direction (north and south). According to results, a negative correlation was detected between wood density and retention amount of treatment solution. In terms of density and retention amount, there were differences between natural and intensity thinning samples and it was seen that the density was decreased while retention amount was increased in intensity thinning samples. In addition, wood density was increased up to 25% while retention amount was decreased up to 30% as it progressed from bottom of wood to top. When the effect of stem direction was considered, it was found that south section of wood was more dense than north side and retention values has lower

Evaluation of the Genetic Analysis Results in Infertile Patients with Non-Obstructive Azoospermia

Objective:To evaluate the genetic analysis results of patients who referred to our clinic infertility and whom semen analysis revealed non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA).Materials and Methods:Among 994 patients who underwent a microscopic testicular sperm extraction (micro-TESE) operation for NOA, 497 patients who were tested for karyotype analysis and 450 patients who were tested for chromosome Y microdeletion were included in our study. The rates of Klinefelter syndrome (KS) and Y chromosome microdeletion, sperm retrieval rates (SRR) in these genetic anomalies and the factors affecting them were investigated. Additionally, the association between the age, duration of infertility, testicular size, serum follicle stimulant hormone (FSH) and testosterone levels of patients and sperm extraction rates of micro-TESE operations were also evaluated.Results:The overall SRR of NOA patients who underwent micro-TESE was 47.5%. Among 104 patients with KS, sperm was successfully found after micro-TESE in 22 (21.2%). Fourteen patients were diagnosed with the Y chromosome microdeletion and sperm was successfully found in 4 (28.6%) of them; while the duration of infertility did not affect the SRR after micro-TESE (p=0.712); age, testicular volume serum FSH and testosterone levels had a significant effect on the SRR (p<0.005).Conclusion:In this study, the SRR of patients who have chromosome Y microdeletion or KS, was found to be lower than other studies in the literature. This difference could be derived from the genetically tested population’s structure, variance in the gene areas used for scanning and different demographic characteristics of different regions

Comparison of Ultrasonography and Cystoscopy in the Evaluation of Hematuria

Objective:Every day, many patients visit hospital due to hematuria. Ultrasonography and/or cystoscopy are performed in the initial evaluation and management. In this study, we compared ultrasonography and cystoscopy in the evaluation of microscopic or macroscopic hematuria.Materials and Methods:A total of 55 patients, who presented to our clinic with the complaint of hematuria between July 2016 and October 2017, were enrolled in this study. After obtaining informed consent, the patients were directed to urinary ultrasonography and cystoscopy for the evaluation of hematuria.Results:Ultrasonography showed 45 (81.8%) normal bladder and 10 (18.2%) masses, and cystoscopy detected 39 (70.9%) normal bladder and 16 (29.1%) masses in the bladder (p=0.001). Ultrasonography was able to report only 8 (50%) of 16 masses detected via cystoscopy. Two (20%) of 10 masses reported by ultrasonography were not confirmed through cystoscopy. The sensitivity and specificity of ultrasonography in detecting and excluding masses in the bladder were calculated to be 50% and 94.9%, respectively. Ultrasonography failed to detect lesions at the posterior, dome and right side and bladder neck. The cut-off value for blood cell count in urine to refer the patient to a cystoscopy procedure was detected to be 15 with 60% sensitivity and 50% specificity.Conclusion:With low sensitivity, ultrasonography could not offer enough knowledge about the bladder masses as sufficient as cystoscopy