ОСОБЕННОСТИ ТЕЧЕНИЯ И ПРИВЕРЖЕННОСТЬ ЛЕЧЕНИЮ ПРИ РАЗЛИЧНЫХ ВАРИАНТАХ СТАБИЛЬНОЙ СТЕНОКАРДИИ В СОЧЕТАНИИ С АРТЕРИАЛЬНОЙ ГИПЕРТЕНЗИЕЙ У ЖИТЕЛЕЙ г. НОВОСИБИРСКА

The purpose. To study clinical and angiographic status, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (Nt-proBNP) level and treatment adherence in stable angina associated with hypertension patients (pts).Materials and methods. 151 pts (men) divided into 3 groups were investigated. The 1st group was consisted of 43 men with uncomplicated angina without significant lesions of coronary artery. The 2nd group included 47 men with angina with history of coronary revascularization (percutaneous coronary intervention). The 3rd group included 61 men with angina after previous cardiovascular event (myocardial infarction or stroke).Results. There were less number of current smokers in uncomplicated stable angina group. 3rd group pts took more alcohol drinks before cardiovascular events. Biochemical blood status were compared in three groups. Structure-functional heart parameters were more disturbed in pts with previous cardiovascular events. Coronary arteries were more lesion in complicated angina pts too. Nt-proBNP levels were significantly higher in patients undergoing cardiovascular events. Factors determining in stable angina associated with hypertension were extent of coronary artery lesion, left-atrium, and left-ventricular size, left-ventricular hypertrophy, and ejection fraction. The relationship between Nt-proBNP levels and left ventricular remodelling as well as between Nt-proBNP levels and extent of coronary arteries lesions were revealed. Adherence to treatment was higher in patients underwent percutaneous coronary intervention.Цель. Целью исследования явилось изучение факторов риска, клинико-ангиографической картины, уровня N-концевого фрагмента предшественника мозгового натрийуретического пептида и приверженности лечению при различных клинических вариантах стабильной стенокардии.Материалы и методы. Обследован 151 мужчина со стабильной стенокардией. Больные были разделены на три группы: 1-ю группу составили 43 пациента с неосложненным течением стенокардии с гемодинамически незначимыми стенозами коронарных артерий, 2-ю – 47 пациентов со стабильной стенокардией, подвергшихся чрескожному коронарному вмешательству и 3-ю – 61 пациент со стабильной стенокардией с перенесенным кардиоваскулярным событием (инфаркт миокарда, мозговой инсульт) независимо от характера поражения коронарных артерий.Результаты. Выявлено достоверно меньшее число курящих больных в группе неосложненного течения стенокардии, а больные, перенесшие кардиоваскулярное событие, употребляли в прошлом большее количество алкоголя. Структурно-функциональное состояние миокарда в большей степени изменено у больных стенокардией с наличием кардиоваскулярных событий, у них же имелось более значимое поражение коронарных артерий. Уровень N-концевого фрагмента мозгового натрийуретического пептида был достоверно выше у больных, перенесших инфаркт миокарда, его значения коррелировали со степенью ремоделирования левого желудочка и выраженностью стеноза коронарных артерий. Приверженность лечению оказалась выше у больных, подвергшихся чрескожному коронарному вмешательству

Cardiovascular system state changes in non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma patients during chemotherapy

Chemotherapy is one of reliable and proven methods of malignant tumor and blood diseases treatment but however the drug side effects (particularly cardiotoxicity) occur. More often cardiovascular complications connect with anthracyclines and related drugs (doxorubicin, daunorubicyn, epirubicyn, idarubicyn, mitoxantron) which usually used at medical scheme because of wide spectrum of action and high effectiveness prescription. Risk of cardiotoxicity formation and existing diseases progression increases according to drug dose, patient’s age, cardiovascular risk factors presence and cardiovascular diseases history. Material and methods. 88 patients with established non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma diagnosis were examined in order to assess cardiovascular system state and pathology nature – 33 patients before chemotherapy and 55 patients in the long-term follow-up period (one year after the start of chemotherapy). Results. It was found that antitumor drugs induced cardiotoxicity may manifest at the beginning of chemotherapy as well as following up period. The cardiac cameras dilation associated with the increase of NTproBNP serum content (N-terminal fragment of natriuretic peptide type B precursor) – the main biomarker of myocardial dysfunction has been revealed by instrumental research

ОСОБЕННОСТИ ТЕЧЕНИЯ ФИБРИЛЛЯЦИИ ПРЕДСЕРДИЙ У ПАЦИЕНТОВ С КОМОРБИДНОСТЬЮ В ЗАВИСИМОСТИ ОТ ПРОВОДИМОЙ ТЕРАПИИ

Aim. To study the clinical course of atrial fibrillation in patients with arterial hypertension and extracardiac comorbid pathology depending on the administered therapy.Methods. 207 men aged 45–65 years with atrial fibrillation (paroxysmal and persistent) and arterial hypertension in combination with diabetes mellitus (n = 40), abdominal obesity (n = 64) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (n = 47) were recruited to a observational cohort study. 56 patients with atrial fibrillation and arterial hypertension but without any extracardiac diseases were included in the comparison group. Clinical and anthropometric parameters were assessed in all patients. Adherence to therapy was estimated with the Morisky-Green test. All patients underwent ECG; electrocardiographic holter monitoring, 24-hour blood pressure monitoring with the Daily Monitoring Systems SCHILLER (Schiller, Switzerland), 2D and M-mode echocardiography using a Vivid 7 device (General Electric, USA). The statistical analysis was performed in the Rstudio software (version 0.99.879, RStudio, Inc., MA, USA).Results. 66% of patients with atrial fibrillation and arterial hypertension had concomitant extracardiac comorbid pathology, of them 20% of had diabetes mellitus, 22% with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and 24% with abdominal obesity. The clinical groups were comparable in electro impulse and drug therapy. Patients who received medical treatment were frequently admitted to hospitals for atrial fibrillation recurrence (p<0.001), compared with those who underwent electro impulse therapy. Adherence to antiarrhythmic therapy was low in the entire cohort of patients. There were no significant differences found between the clinical groups.Conclusion. Early diagnosis of the factors contributing to the progression of AF, the prescription of additional therapy for the secondary prevention of arrhythmia and the choice of its optimal treatment strategy may slow the progression of arrhythmia and the development of CHF, which will improve not only the clinical status of patients, but also their prognosis.Цель. Изучить особенности течения фибрилляции предсердий (ФП) у больных артериальной гипертонией (АГ) и экстракардиальной коморбидной патологией в зависимости от проводимой терапии, а также оценить приверженность к антиаритмической терапии.Материалы и методы. В обсервационном когортном исследовании наблюдалось 207 мужчин 45–65 лет с ФП (пароксизмальная и персистирующая форма) и АГ в сочетании с сахарным диабетом (СД) (n = 40), абдоминальным ожирением (АО) (n = 64) и хронической обструктивной болезнью легких (ХОБЛ) (n = 47). Группу сравнения составили 56 больных с ФП и АГ, без экстракардиальных заболеваний. В работе оценивались клинические, антропометрические показатели, тест для оценки приверженности Мориски-Грина, результаты инструментальной диагностики: электрокардиография (ЭКГ); холтеровское мониторирование электрокардиограммы (ХМ ЭКГ), суточное мониторирование артериального давления (СМАД) – системы суточного мониторирования SCHILLER (Шиллер, Швейцария), Эхокардиография – в М и 2D режимах на аппарате Vivid 7 (General Electric, USA). Все статистические расчёты проводили в программе Rstudio (version 0.99.879, RStudio, Inc., MA, USA).Результаты. Среди больных с ФП и АГ было выявлено 66% с сопутствующей экстракардиальной коморбидной патологией, из них с СД 20% больных; ХОБЛ выявлена у 22% пациентов, а АО отмечалось у 44% пациентов. По частоте электроимпульсной терапии (ЭИТ) и медикаментозной терапии (МТ) клинические группы были сопоставимы. Доказано, что пациенты, которым была проведена МТ, госпитализировались по поводу повторных приступов ФП достоверно чаще (р<0,001) по сравнению с группой пациентов, которым проводилась ЭИТ. Приверженность к антиаритмической терапии низкая у всей когорты обследованных, а при сравнительном анализе между клиническими группами не было выявлено достоверных различий.Заключение. Ранняя диагностика факторов прогрессирования ФП, назначение дополнительной терапии для вторичной профилактики аритмии и выбор правильной стратегии ее лечения могут замедлить прогрессирование аритмии и развитие хронической сердечной недостаточности, что улучшает не только клинический статус пациентов, но и их прогноз

Role fibrosis markers to stratify risk of atrial fibrillation in patients with arterial hypertension and ekstakardialnoy pathology

The aim of the study was to study the role of fibrosis markers (galectin — 3 and NT-proBNP) in stratification of atrial fibrillation risk in patients with arterial hypertension in combination with extracardial diseases. Materials and methods. In a prospective cohort study, 140 men aged 35-65 years with hypertension and AF (paroxysmal and persistent form), 57 – AH, AF and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and 83 patients with hypertension, AF without comorbidity (control) were observed. Serum galectin-3 and NT-proBNP levels were assessed by enzyme immunoassay. Anthropometry, lipid spectrum and Echocardiography studies were performed for all examined patients. Results. The level of galectin-3 in blood serum of patients with AF and COPD was higher-36.02 ng / ml. than in the control group-19.23 ng / ml, p=0.001. The average level of NT-proBNP in all the study group was significantly higher and amounted to 123.8 PG/ml , p<0.001, compared with the control group 67.99 PG / ml. Conclusion. Markers of fibrosis galectin-3 and NT-proBNP in serum of patients with atrial fibrillation and arterial hypertension in combination with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are higher than in patients with atrial fibrillation and arterial hypertensionЦель исследования — изучить роль маркеров фиброза (галектина-3 и NT-proBNP) в стратификации риска фибрилляции предсердий у больных с артериальной гипертонией в сочетании с экстракардиальными заболеваниями. (ФП). Материалы и методы. В проспективном когортном исследовании наблюдались 140 мужчин 35-65 лет с АГ и ФП (пароксизмальная и персистирующая форма), из них 57пациентов с АГ, ФП и хроническим обструктивным заболеванием легких (ХоБЛ) и 83 пациента с АГ, ФП без сопутствующей патологии (контроль). Всем обследованным выполнены антропометрия, исследования липидного спектра, ЭхоКГ. Уровни галектина-3 и NT-proBNP в сыворотке крови оценивались методом иммуноферментного анализа. результаты. Уровень галектина-3 в сыворотке крови у больных АГ с ФП и ХОБЛ был выше - 36.02 нг/мл, чем в группе контроля - 19.23 нг/мл, р=0.001. Средний уровень NT-proBNP во всех исследуемой группе оказался достоверно выше и составил 123,8 пг/мл, р<0.001, по сравнению с группой контроля 67.99 пг/мл. Заключение. Маркеры фиброза галектин-3 и NT-proBNP в сыворотке крови у больных с фибрилляцией предсердий и артериальной гипертонией в сочетании с хроническим обструктивным заболеванием легких выше, чем у пациентов с фибрилляцией предсердий и артериальной гипертони

Atrial fibrillation and arterial hypertension in hypothyroid pathology

A special role in the formation of atrial fibrillation in patients with arterial hypertension is played by diseases of the thyroid gland. In any form of hypothyroidism, vascular tone increases, hypervolemia is formed, which leads to changes in blood pressure, myocardial dystrophy and the development of AF. The development and progression of AF affects the lack of thyroid hormones: TH suppresses aldosterone synthesis and stimulates the secretion of atrial and cerebral natriuretic peptide. Therefore, hypothyroidism develops hyperaldosteronism and decreases the content of natriuretic hormone in the blood, which leads to hypervolemia. Atrophic processes in cardiomyocytes are exacerbated by intracellular potassium deficiency, which is caused by hyper aldosteronism characteristic of all types of hypothyroidism. TG plays the role of physiological antagonists of antidiuretic hormone, and their deficiency leads to increased water reabsorption and increases the likelihood of the formation of a volume-dependent form of hypertension, the effect on the endothelium of the cell, releasing vasoactive substances and reducing the sensitivity of adrenoreceptors to the action of catecholamines. In hypothyroidism, almost all soft tissues, including the vascular wall, accumulate in an excessive amount of glycosaminoglycans, which binds sodium ions and water, which leads to swelling of the vascular wall, reduction of nitric oxide production and narrowing of the lumen of arteries and veins. Hyperproduction of thyroliberin, which leads to a decrease in dopaminergic activity of the brain. In addition, hypothyroidism causes thickening of the basement membrane of capillaries and the diffusion of oxygen through their wall is disturbed. The effect of hypothyroidism and drugs used in its treatment on AF is ambiguous. The authors disagree about the course of AF and the frequency of relapse, the risk of complications of AF. All this indicates the need to continue research in this direction.В статье изложен обзор литературы, отражающий преставления о значении гипотиреоидной патологии в развитии фибрилляции предсердий. особую роль в формирование фибрилляции предсердий у больных артериальной гипертонией играют заболевания щитовидной железы. При любой форме гипотиреоза повышается сосудистый тонус, формируется гиперволемия, что приводит к изменению уровня артериального давления, дистрофии миокарда и развитию фибрилляции предсердий. На развитие и прогрессирование ФП влияет недостаток гормонов щитовидной железы: тиреоидные гормоны подавляют синтез альдостерона и стимулируют секрецию предсердного и церебрального натрийуретического пептида. Поэтому при гипотиреозе развивается гиперальдостеронизм и снижается содержание в крови натрийуретического гормона, что приводит к гиперволемии. Атрофические процессы в кардиомиоцитах усугубляются внутриклеточным дефицитом калия, который обусловлен гиперальдостеронизмом, характерным для всех видов гипотиреоза. ТГ выполняют роль физиологических антагонистов антидиуретического гормона,а их дефицит приводит к усилению реабсорбции воды и повышает вероятность формирования объемзависимой формы АГ, влиянию на эндотелий клетки, высвобождающий вазоактивные вещества и уменьшения чувствительности адренорецепторов к действию катехоламинов. При гипотиреозе почти во всех мягких тканях, включая сосудистую стенку, накапливаются в избыточном количестве гликозаминогликаны, который связывает ионы натрия и воду, это приводит к отеку сосудистой стенки, снижению продукции оксида азота и сужению просвета артерий и вен. Гиперпродукция тиреолиберина, которая приводит к снижению дофаминергической активности головного мозга. кроме того, при гипотиреозе происходит утолщение базальной мембраны капилляров и нарушается диффузия кислорода через их стенку. Влияние гипотиреоза и препаратов, используемых при его лечении, на ФП неоднозначно. авторы расходятся во мнении относительно течения ФП частоты развития рецидивов, риска возникновения осложнений ФП. Все это указывает на необходимость продолжения исследований в данном направлении

MicroRNA level in patients with stable coronary artery disease with borderline coronary artery stenosis

Aim. To assess the level of microRNA (miR) -21, -22, -126, -221 in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) with borderline coronary artery stenosis depending on comorbidities and sex.Material and methods. We examined 37 patients with class 1-3 stable CAD aged 49-59 years with borderline (40-70%) coronary artery stenosis. The relative level of miRNA was determined using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Statistical analysis was performed using the non-parametric Mann-Whitney U-test. P&lt;0,05 were considered statistically significant. Results. The miR-221 level was higher in the group of patients with stable CAD with borderline coronary artery stenosis with a metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO) phenotype, but without diabetes (p=0,042). The level of miR-22 and miR-126 was higher in the group of patients with stable CAD phenotype with borderline stenosis and diabetes (p=0,007 and p=0,034, respectively). The analysis of miR levels in stable CAD patients depending on sex, without taking into account the phenotype, found that miR-21 and miR-221 values were higher in men (p=0,021 and p=0,014, respectively). The study of the sex characteristics of miR content in relation to different phenotypes revealed an increase of miR22 levels in men with MUO and diabetes (p=0,048) and an increase of miR-126 levels in women with concomitant diabetes in the comparison both with patients without MUO and diabetes (p=0,018), as well as with MUO and without diabetes (p=0,007). Conclusion. The study of the miRNA level in patients with CAD with borderline coronary artery stenosis is of great interest and reflects a promising direction in diagnosis based on comorbid pathology. Keywords: miRNA, obesity phenotypes, coronary artery disease, borderline coronary artery stenosis. Relationships and Activities: none. 1Novosibirsk State Medical University, Novosibirsk; 2Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, Novosibirsk; 3E.N. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center, Novosibirsk, Russia.&gt;&lt;0,05 were considered statistically significant.Results. The miR-221 level was higher in the group of patients with stable CAD with borderline coronary artery stenosis with a metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO) phenotype, but without diabetes (p=0,042). The level of miR-22 and miR-126 was higher in the group of patients with stable CAD phenotype with borderline stenosis and diabetes (p=0,007 and p=0,034, respectively). The analysis of miR levels in stable CAD patients depending on sex, without taking into account the phenotype, found that miR-21 and miR-221 values were higher in men (p=0,021 and p=0,014, respectively). The study of the sex characteristics of miR content in relation to different phenotypes revealed an increase of miR22 levels in men with MUO and diabetes (p=0,048) and an increase of miR-126 levels in women with concomitant diabetes in the comparison both with patients without MUO and diabetes (p=0,018), as well as with MUO and without diabetes (p=0,007).Conclusion. The study of the miRNA level in patients with CAD with borderline coronary artery stenosis is of great interest and reflects a promising direction in diagnosis based on comorbid pathology

Hyperfine structure of the ground state muonic He-3 atom

On the basis of the perturbation theory in the fine structure constant $\alpha$ and the ratio of the electron to muon masses we calculate one-loop vacuum polarization and electron vertex corrections and the nuclear structure corrections to the hyperfine splitting of the ground state of muonic helium atom $(\mu\ e \ ^3_2He)$. We obtain total result for the ground state hyperfine splitting $\Delta \nu^{hfs}=4166.471$ MHz which improves the previous calculation of Lakdawala and Mohr due to the account of new corrections of orders $\alpha^5$ and $\alpha^6$. The remaining difference between our theoretical result and experimental value of the hyperfine splitting lies in the range of theoretical and experimental errors and requires the subsequent investigation of higher order corrections.Comment: Talk on poster section of XXIV spectroscopy congress, 28 February-5 March 2010, Moscow-Troitsk, Russia, 21 pages, LaTeX, 8 figure

Measurement of the 1s-2s energy interval in muonium

The 1s-2s interval has been measured in the muonium ({$\mu^+e^-$}) atom by Doppler-free two-photon laser spectroscopy. The frequency separation of the states was determined to be 2 455 528 941.0(9.8)~MHz in good agreement with quantum electrodynamics. The muon-electron mass ratio can be extracted and is found to be 206.768 38(17). The result may be interpreted as measurement of the muon-electron charge ratio as $-1- 1.1(2.1)\cdot 10^{-9}$

Design and baseline characteristics of the finerenone in reducing cardiovascular mortality and morbidity in diabetic kidney disease trial

Background: Among people with diabetes, those with kidney disease have exceptionally high rates of cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality and progression of their underlying kidney disease. Finerenone is a novel, nonsteroidal, selective mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist that has shown to reduce albuminuria in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) while revealing only a low risk of hyperkalemia. However, the effect of finerenone on CV and renal outcomes has not yet been investigated in long-term trials. Patients and Methods: The Finerenone in Reducing CV Mortality and Morbidity in Diabetic Kidney Disease (FIGARO-DKD) trial aims to assess the efficacy and safety of finerenone compared to placebo at reducing clinically important CV and renal outcomes in T2D patients with CKD. FIGARO-DKD is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, event-driven trial running in 47 countries with an expected duration of approximately 6 years. FIGARO-DKD randomized 7,437 patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate >= 25 mL/min/1.73 m(2) and albuminuria (urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio >= 30 to <= 5,000 mg/g). The study has at least 90% power to detect a 20% reduction in the risk of the primary outcome (overall two-sided significance level alpha = 0.05), the composite of time to first occurrence of CV death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, or hospitalization for heart failure. Conclusions: FIGARO-DKD will determine whether an optimally treated cohort of T2D patients with CKD at high risk of CV and renal events will experience cardiorenal benefits with the addition of finerenone to their treatment regimen. Trial Registration: EudraCT number: 2015-000950-39; ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02545049

EFFECTS OF CALCIUM ANTAGONISTS OF THE THIRD GENERATION IN PATIENTS WITH ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION AND CONCOMITANT CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE

Aim. To study antihypertensive efficacy and safety of amlodipine maleate as well as its influence on respiratory function, C reactive protein plasma level, glucose and lipid metabolism in patients with arterial hypertension (HT) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Material and methods. 50 patients with HT 1-3 grade and COPD I-II stage in remission were randomized into two groups. 31 patients of the first group were treated with amlodipine maleate (Stamlo-M) 5-10 mg/d alone or in combination. 19 patients of the second group received any other antihypertensive therapy except dihydropyridine calcium antagonists.Results. Amlodipine in combined therapy has high antihypertensive efficacy providing achievement of target blood pressure levels and improvement of 24-hour blood pressure profile. Amlodipine therapy improved respiratory function and reduced systolic blood pressure in pulmonary artery. Amlodipine has no negative influence on metabolic status, did not increase sympathetic activity, and reduced C reactive protein levels. It demonstrated good tolerability and safety.Conclusion. High antihypertensive efficacy, improvement of respiratory function, and safety allows recommending amlodipine maleate (Stamlo-M) for usage in hypertensive patients with COPD