Change in Liver Histoarchitecture by Sulphur Dioxide Induced Toxicity and Its Vitalization by Emblica officinalis in Albino Rat

Atmosphere is a dynamic entity, which absorbs different pollutants from nature and anthropogenic sources, hence act as sink for those pollutants. Different types of gaseous pollutants are absorbed by the atmosphere, SO2 is one of them. SO2 enters in the body through the inhalation and then makes its entry into the blood and affects different body systems. Liver is an important vital which control most of the body activities, any change in liver or liver cell architecture leads to its abnormal functioning, results in deleterious effects. Emblica officinalis is a nutrient rich supplement which contains tannins, alkaloids, phenolic compounds, amino acids, carbohydrates and a rich source of vitamin C. Emblica officinalis has a potential to cure the histopathological alterations induced by SO2 in albino rats

Incidence and perinatal outcome of multiple pregnancy in a tertiary care centre in Central India

Background: The incidence of multiple pregnancy is increasing all over the world because of assisted reproductive technology or spontaneously as a result of numerous risk factors. The objective of this study was to study the perinatal outcome of multiple pregnancy in a tertiary care centre in central IndiaMethods: It is a prospective study total 2289 pregnant woman were enrolled. Out of which 72 pregnant women were either a twin or triplet. 2217 pregnant women were singleton and had acted as controls. Perinatal outcomes including perinatal morbidity and mortality in relation to history regarding any complication in the present pregnancy were noted and analyzed.Results: In case of multiple pregnancy 90.2% were conceived between 20-30 years of age and 9.8% more than 30 years.13.9% cases of multiple pregnancy were less than 34 weeks at the time of delivery. The IUGR in multifetal pregnant patient was significantly higher. Oligohydromnios was seen in 3 out of 72 multifetal gestation which accounted for 4.1%. The proportion of singleton and multiple pregnant females who had anemia during pregnancy was 92.33% and 91.67%. Most common indication of LSCS in multifetal gestation is abnormal presentation during labour accounting for 41.7% of LSCS. The most common indication for NICU admission in case of multifetal pregnancy was 80.8%.Conclusions: Majority of the twin pregnancy is high risk one, and as such all twin preganancies should have mandatory hospital delivery. Early diagnosis, antenatal, intra-natal and post-partum cares are necessary to improve the outcome

Design of CNN architecture for Hindi Characters

Handwritten character recognition is a challenging problem which received attention because of its potential benefits in real-life applications. It automates manual paper work, thus saving both time and money, but due to low recognition accuracy it is not yet practically possible. This work achieves higher recognition rates for handwritten isolated characters using Deep learning based Convolutional neural network (CNN). The architecture of these networks is complex and plays important role in success of character recognizer, thus this work experiments on different CNN architectures, investigates different optimization algorithms and trainable parameters. The experiments are conducted on two different types of grayscale datasets to make this work more generic and robust. One of the CNN architecture in combination with adadelta optimization achieved a recognition rate of 97.95%. The experimental results demonstrate that CNN based end-to-end learning achieves recognition rates much better than the traditional techniques

Association between serum magnesium and obesity in postmenopausal women

Background: Obesity is a complex, multifactorial condition in which excess body weight may put a female at risk of serious health problems such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases. Magnesium deficiency is reported to be associated with obesity in children and adolescents. An inverse relationship has been reported between serum magnesium and estrogen levels in women. It is not known whether magnesium deficiency may have a role in genesis of obesity in women after menopause. Therefore, the present study was planned to compare serum magnesium levels in obese and non-obese postmenopausal women and to find out the relationship, if any, between serum magnesium levels and obesity.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the department of Biochemistry at National Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Jaipur, Rajasthan on fifty subjects over a period of six months. Twenty-five obese postmenopausal women (BMI ≥ 30) having their final menstrual period at least one year prior to the study were taken as the study group and twenty-five non-obese (BMI ≤ 22.9) post-menopausal women were taken as control group. All subjects were asked to give detailed dietary history using Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). Venous blood samples were collected after an overnight fast for estimation of serum total magnesium in all subjects.Results: Obese postmenopausal women had significantly higher weight (78.36±0.064kg) and BMI (32.68±1.7kg/mt2) compared to non-obese postmenopausal women (wt. 54.72±4.80kg and BMI 21.75±1.68kg/mt2). The mean±SD serum magnesium concentration found in the obese postmenopausal women was 1.40±0.45mg/dl as compared to 2.03±0.49 mg/dl in the non-obese group. Pearson’s correlation analysis showed a significant (r = -0.9) negative correlation between BMI and serum magnesium in postmenopausal women.Conclusions: Serum magnesium was lower in obese postmenopausal women as compared to that in non-obese postmenopausal women. Serum magnesium was negatively correlated with BMI. Magnesium supplementation may be useful in prevention of obesity after menopause

Assessment of pregnancy outcome with low molecular weight heparin therapy: a retrospective, single centre observational study

Background: The objective of this study was to determine the outcomes of Low Molecular Weight Heparin Therapy (LMWH) given for various indications during pregnancy.Methods: In this context, a detailed retrospective analysis of all the patients who received LMWH for various indications over a period of two years from October 2015 to November 2017 at a single center, Sri Aurobindo Medical College and PG institute in Indore was performed.Results: Total 100 patients were studied, included over the period of 2 years for various indications for which Enoxaparin (1 mg/kg body weight OD/BD subcutaneously) was used. The indications were valvular heart disease with valve replacement and atrial fibrillation (54.0%), chronic deep vein thrombosis (DVT) (13.0%), thrombophilias (9.0%), recurrent pregnancy loses (21.0%) and prophylaxis for deep vein thrombosis (3.0%) in overall patients. Abortion was seen in 8.0 % patients; fetal growth restriction in 13% patients; and oligohydramnios, preeclampsia, gestational hypertension, placenta previa, abruptio placentae, postpartum hemorrhage patients and Stillbirth occurred in 4.0 % patients. No thromboembolic event was noted in any of the patients. None of the patients had any documented thrombocytopenia or clinical fracture.Conclusions: Low Molecular Weight Heparin Therapy (LMWH) used amongst pregnant women with various indications for anticoagulation therapy was associated with successful pregnancy outcome in the vast majority of cases. Further multicenter prospective studies and international registries of pregnant women on LMWH are necessary to broaden our knowledge in optimizing the care of women who require anticoagulation during pregnancy

Condition Monitoring of Internal Combustion Engine Using Oil Analysis Program 1

Abstract Engine oil analysis is a process that involves a sample of engine oil, whether unused or used, and analyzing it for various properties and wear metal particle in order to monitor wear metals, TAN, TBN, Viscosity, Water Content and contamination. Engine oil sample have been analysed by Spectrometric oil analysis program and oil test center (kittiwake), determine the wear rate, and overall service condition of an engine, along with spotting potential problems and catastrophic failure before it happens. After experiment work have been done, results show information of petrol engine car has max wear of component as compare to diesel engine car. Both petrol and diesel engine car oil samples have been contaminated by water and acid at same level. Due to increased water and acid content present in oil, corrosion increased

31st Annual Meeting and Associated Programs of the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC 2016) : part two

Background The immunological escape of tumors represents one of the main ob- stacles to the treatment of malignancies. The blockade of PD-1 or CTLA-4 receptors represented a milestone in the history of immunotherapy. However, immune checkpoint inhibitors seem to be effective in specific cohorts of patients. It has been proposed that their efficacy relies on the presence of an immunological response. Thus, we hypothesized that disruption of the PD-L1/PD-1 axis would synergize with our oncolytic vaccine platform PeptiCRAd. Methods We used murine B16OVA in vivo tumor models and flow cytometry analysis to investigate the immunological background. Results First, we found that high-burden B16OVA tumors were refractory to combination immunotherapy. However, with a more aggressive schedule, tumors with a lower burden were more susceptible to the combination of PeptiCRAd and PD-L1 blockade. The therapy signifi- cantly increased the median survival of mice (Fig. 7). Interestingly, the reduced growth of contralaterally injected B16F10 cells sug- gested the presence of a long lasting immunological memory also against non-targeted antigens. Concerning the functional state of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), we found that all the immune therapies would enhance the percentage of activated (PD-1pos TIM- 3neg) T lymphocytes and reduce the amount of exhausted (PD-1pos TIM-3pos) cells compared to placebo. As expected, we found that PeptiCRAd monotherapy could increase the number of antigen spe- cific CD8+ T cells compared to other treatments. However, only the combination with PD-L1 blockade could significantly increase the ra- tio between activated and exhausted pentamer positive cells (p= 0.0058), suggesting that by disrupting the PD-1/PD-L1 axis we could decrease the amount of dysfunctional antigen specific T cells. We ob- served that the anatomical location deeply influenced the state of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes. In fact, TIM-3 expression was in- creased by 2 fold on TILs compared to splenic and lymphoid T cells. In the CD8+ compartment, the expression of PD-1 on the surface seemed to be restricted to the tumor micro-environment, while CD4 + T cells had a high expression of PD-1 also in lymphoid organs. Interestingly, we found that the levels of PD-1 were significantly higher on CD8+ T cells than on CD4+ T cells into the tumor micro- environment (p < 0.0001). Conclusions In conclusion, we demonstrated that the efficacy of immune check- point inhibitors might be strongly enhanced by their combination with cancer vaccines. PeptiCRAd was able to increase the number of antigen-specific T cells and PD-L1 blockade prevented their exhaus- tion, resulting in long-lasting immunological memory and increased median survival

Incidence and perinatal outcome of multiple pregnancy in a tertiary care centre in Central India

Background: The incidence of multiple pregnancy is increasing all over the world because of assisted reproductive technology or spontaneously as a result of numerous risk factors. The objective of this study was to study the perinatal outcome of multiple pregnancy in a tertiary care centre in central IndiaMethods: It is a prospective study total 2289 pregnant woman were enrolled. Out of which 72 pregnant women were either a twin or triplet. 2217 pregnant women were singleton and had acted as controls. Perinatal outcomes including perinatal morbidity and mortality in relation to history regarding any complication in the present pregnancy were noted and analyzed.Results: In case of multiple pregnancy 90.2% were conceived between 20-30 years of age and 9.8% more than 30 years.13.9% cases of multiple pregnancy were less than 34 weeks at the time of delivery. The IUGR in multifetal pregnant patient was significantly higher. Oligohydromnios was seen in 3 out of 72 multifetal gestation which accounted for 4.1%. The proportion of singleton and multiple pregnant females who had anemia during pregnancy was 92.33% and 91.67%. Most common indication of LSCS in multifetal gestation is abnormal presentation during labour accounting for 41.7% of LSCS. The most common indication for NICU admission in case of multifetal pregnancy was 80.8%.Conclusions: Majority of the twin pregnancy is high risk one, and as such all twin preganancies should have mandatory hospital delivery. Early diagnosis, antenatal, intra-natal and post-partum cares are necessary to improve the outcome

Assessment of pregnancy outcome with low molecular weight heparin therapy: a retrospective, single centre observational study

Background: The objective of this study was to determine the outcomes of Low Molecular Weight Heparin Therapy (LMWH) given for various indications during pregnancy.Methods: In this context, a detailed retrospective analysis of all the patients who received LMWH for various indications over a period of two years from October 2015 to November 2017 at a single center, Sri Aurobindo Medical College and PG institute in Indore was performed.Results: Total 100 patients were studied, included over the period of 2 years for various indications for which Enoxaparin (1 mg/kg body weight OD/BD subcutaneously) was used. The indications were valvular heart disease with valve replacement and atrial fibrillation (54.0%), chronic deep vein thrombosis (DVT) (13.0%), thrombophilias (9.0%), recurrent pregnancy loses (21.0%) and prophylaxis for deep vein thrombosis (3.0%) in overall patients. Abortion was seen in 8.0 % patients; fetal growth restriction in 13% patients; and oligohydramnios, preeclampsia, gestational hypertension, placenta previa, abruptio placentae, postpartum hemorrhage patients and Stillbirth occurred in 4.0 % patients. No thromboembolic event was noted in any of the patients. None of the patients had any documented thrombocytopenia or clinical fracture.Conclusions: Low Molecular Weight Heparin Therapy (LMWH) used amongst pregnant women with various indications for anticoagulation therapy was associated with successful pregnancy outcome in the vast majority of cases. Further multicenter prospective studies and international registries of pregnant women on LMWH are necessary to broaden our knowledge in optimizing the care of women who require anticoagulation during pregnancy

Early functional, esthetic, and psychological rehabilitation of preschool child with nonsyndromic oligodontia and anodontia in mixed dentition stage through conservative systematic approach: A case report with 5-year follow-up

Missing teeth are a common developmental abnormality in humans. It may manifest as absence of varying numbers of primary and/or secondary teeth. Early treatment and follow-up are the key to successful rehabilitation of young patients with congenitally missing teeth. It is critical that oral rehabilitation is started early to maintain and correct the oral functions. Mucosa borne removable prostheses are the commonly selected treatment options for the young patients who present with oligodontia or anodontia. This clinical report describes esthetic, functional, and psychological rehabilitation of a young boy with severe oligodontia in maxillary arch and anodontia in mandibular arch. The individualized conservative graded approach in prosthetic rehabilitation with removable acrylic prosthesis helped to achieve esthetics, functionality, and psychological benefits