Conflict of Laws--Domestic Relations--Jurisdiction to Award Custody Where Child is Temporarily Outside State (Graham v. Graham, 80 A.2d 829 (Pa. 1951))

A new method for separation and preconcentration of trace amounts of Cu(II), Ni(II), Pb(II), Cd(II) and Mn(II) ions in various matrices was proposed. The method is based on the adsorption and chelation of the metal ions on a column containing Amberlite XAD-1180 resin impregnated with 1-(2-thiazolylazo)-2-naphthol (TAN) reagent prior to their determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). The effect of pH, type, concentration and volume of eluent, sample volume, flow rates of sample and elution solutions, and interfering ions have been investigated. The optimum pH for simultaneous retention of all the metal ions was 9. Eluent for quantitative elution was 20 ml of 2 mol l(-1) HNO(3.) The optimum sample and eluent flow rates were found as 4 ml min(-1), and also sample volume was 500 ml, except for Mn (87% recovery). The sorption capacity of the resin was found to be 0.77, 0.41, 0.57, and 0.30 mg g(-1) for Cu(II), Ni(II), Cd(II), and Mn(II), respectively. The preconcentration factor of the method was 200 for Cu(II), 150 for Pb(II), 100 for Cd(II) and Ni(II), and 50 for Mn(II). The recovery values for all of the metal ions were a parts per thousand yen95% and relative standard deviations (RSDs) were a parts per thousand currency sign5.1%. The detection limit values were in the range of 0.03 and 1.19 mu g l(-1). The accuracy of the method was confirmed by analysing the certified reference materials (TMDA 54.4 fortified lake water and GBW 07605 tea samples) and the recovery studies. This procedure was applied to the determination of Cu(II), Ni(II), Pb(II), Cd(II) and Mn(II) in waste water and lake water samples

Arthropod diversity in pure oak forests of coppice origin in northern Thrace (Turkey)

Oak (Quercus spp.) forests are among the most important forest types in Turkey. In the past, oak forests were managed through coppice clear-cutting, but in recent decades they have mostly been converted to high forest. This study was aimed at explaining how arthropod diversity is affected during conversion from coppice to high oak forest and during the early stages of coppice succession. We tested the hypothesis that arthropod richness, abundance and diversity in coppice oak sites varied according to stand age and a number of other forest characteristics. Arthropod communities were sampled in 50 plots using four different methods: pitfall traps, sweep nets, sticky cards and cloth shaking. A total of 13 084 individuals were collected and classified into 193 Recognizable Taxonomic Units (RTUs), with the most RTUs and the greatest number of specimens captured by sweep netting. We identified 17 taxa within RTU’s with more than 1% of the captured arthropods, which constituted 75% of the total specimens. The number of RTUs varied significantly according to trap type. Arthropod richness and Shannon-Wiener biodiversity index (H′) increased with elevation and precipitation. In young (1-40 yrs-old) and middle-aged (41-80 yrs) stands, arthropod biodiversity was not significantly affected by stand type, but slightly increased with diameter at breast height and tree height. Forest characteristics, such as the litter layer, understory and crown diameter, weakly influenced arthropod richness and abundance. Cluster analysis revealed that stand types and trap types differed taxonomically. Principal component analysis showed that stand types were clearly separated by the stand parameters measured. Insect families (Formicidae, Thripidae, Lygaeidae, Dolichopodidae, Luaxanidae, Cicadellidae and Ichneumonidae) could potentially be used as indicators of coppice oak conditions. As the coppice oak changes to mature forest, further studies are needed to better assess the relation between arthropods, forest types and structural characteristics of stands

Laboratuvardan Kliniğe Transplantasyon Pratiği

Transplantasyon; Temel Tıbbi Bilimler, Moleküler Tıp, Genetik ve İmmünolojiden klinik uygulamalardan destek alan multidisipliner bir tıp dalıdır. Temel bilimlerdeki başarılı çalışmaların kliniğe uygulanması, klinikte karşılaşılan sorunların da, oluşturulan deneysel hayvan modellerinde irdelenmesi, elde edilen bilgilerin klinik uygulamalara aktarılması; diğer deyişle tecrübelerin “Translational” özellikli olması günümüz transplantasyon çalışmalarında bir gerekliliktir. İmmün sistemin bileşenlerinin ve reaksiyonlarının iyi bilinmesi, hücreler arası ilişkilerde greftin reddi ya da kabul edilmesinin şartlarını doğru anlamak ve uygun laboratuvar yöntemleri ile klinik durumun aydınlatılması transplantasyonda stratejik önemdedir. Bu nedenle, klinik transplantasyon çalışmaları yapanlar temel bilimler bilgileri ile de donanımlı olmalıdırlar. Multidisipliner bir dal olma bilinci ile yapılan klinik transplantasyon çalışmalarında başarı yakalanmaktadır. Laboratuvardan Kliniğe Transplantasyon kitabımızda tüm yönleri ile transplantasyonun organizmaya etkileri ve bunların klinik sonuçlarını, çalışmalarımızın ışığında sunmayı ve tartışmayı hedefledik. Editör: Prof.Dr. Mesut İzzet TİTİZ Yardımcı Editör: Doç.Dr. Pınar AT

KAMU HARCAMA ÇEŞİTLERİ VE EKONOMİK BÜYÜME İLİŞKİSİ

Bu makale kamu harcama çeşitlerinin ekonomik büyüme üzerine olan etkilerini araştırır. Çalışmada konsolide bütçe giderler kısmında tasnif edilen cari, yatırım ve transfer harcamaları kullanılmıştır. Çalışma 1975-2003 dönemi yıllık Türkiye verilerini kapsamaktadır. Ekonometrik sonuçlar büyük bir çoğunluğu personel gideri olan cari harcamalar ile ekonomik büyüme arasındaki ilişkinin istatistiksel olarak anlamsız olduğunu göstermiştir. Bunun yanı sıra büyük bir çoğunluğu makine teçhizat alımı ve yapı, tesis ve büyük onarım giderlerinden oluşan yatırım harcamaları ile ekonomik büyüme arasındaki ilişkinin pozitif ve istatistiksel olarak anlamlı, yine büyük bir çoğunluğu iç ve dış borç faiz ödemelerinden oluşan transfer harcamaları ile ekonomik büyüme arasındaki ilişkinin ise negatif ve istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olduğunu göstermiştir

DETERMINATION OF MEXILETINE IN PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS BY GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY WITH FLAME IONIZATION DETECTION

ABSTRACT A simple and rapid method for determination of mexiletine in pharmaceutical preparations was developed and validated using gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC-FID). GC separation was performed in about 5 min using a HP-5 capilary column (30 m x 0.320 mm, 0.25µm). Nitrogen was used as carrier gas at a flow-rate of 2 mL min . The method was found to be specific, precise and accurate. The method was applied for the quality control of commercial mexiletine capsule form to quantify the drug and to check the formulation content uniformity