A Subspace Identification of δ-Operator State-Space Model

This paper derives a subspace identification algorithm for a δ-operator state-space model by using the methods due to Moonen et al. [11], [12], [21]. Since the δ-operator model converges to a continuous-time model as the sampling interval goes to zero, the algorithm obtained is applicable to the identification of continuous-time medels. A method of computing the state vector from the block Hankel matrix is developed. Simulation studies show the present algorithm provides good results for the case of a low N/S ratio. Improvement of the algorithm for the case of a higher N/S ratio remains to be done

The clinical significance of the arterial ketone body ratio as an early indicator of graft viabilityin human liver transplantation

Arterial ketone body ratio (AKBR) was measured sequentially in 84 liver transplantations (OLTx). These transplantation procedures were classified into 3 groups with respect to graft survival and patient condition at the end of the first month (Group A, the grafts survived longer than 1 month with satisfactory patient condition; Group B, the grafts survived longer than 1 month but the patients were ICU-bound; Group C, the grafts were lost and the patients died or underwent re-OLTx). In Group A, the AKBR was elevated to above 1.0 by the second postoperative day. In Group B, the AKBR was elevated to above 0.7 but stayed below 1.0 during this period. In Group C, the AKBR remained below 0.7 longer than 2 days after operation. Although conventional liver function tests showed significant increases in Groups B and C as compared with Group A, they were less specific in predicting ultimate graft survival. © 1991 by Williams & Wilkins

Effect of maturation on muscle quality of the lower limb muscles in adolescent boys

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to clarify the effect of maturation on the muscle quality of the lower limb muscles around puberty. METHODS: Subjects were 117 Japanese boys age 12 to 15 years. The maturity status was assessed by using a self-assessment of stage of pubic hair development based on the criteria of Tanner. On the basis of the criteria, subjects were divided into the prepubescent or pubescent group. Muscle thickness of knee extensors and plantar flexors were measured by a B-mode ultrasound. Muscle volume index (MV) was calculated from muscle thickness and limb length. Maximal voluntary isometric joint toques (TQ) of knee extension and ankle plantar flexion were measured using a myometer. Muscle quality was derived from dividing TQ by MV (TQ/MV). RESULTS: In both muscles, TQ-MV relationships were also similar between the prepubescent and pubescent groups, and there was no significant difference in TQ/MV between the two groups when chronological age was statistically adjusted. CONCLUSION: The current results indicate that, for adolescent boys, the muscle quality of the lower limb muscles is not significantly influenced by maturation

Rashba-Dresselhaus spin-orbit coupling and polarization-coupled luminescence in an organic single crystal microcavity

Spin-orbit coupling (SOC) of light plays a fundamental photophysics that is important for various fields such as materials science, optics, and quantum technology, contributing to the elucidation of new physical phenomena and the development of innovative applications. In this study, we investigate the impact of SOC in a microcavity system using the highly oriented molecular crystal. The unique molecular alignment of our crystal creates substantial optical anisotropy, enabling the observation of significant SOC effects within a microcavity form. Through angle-resolved photoluminescence measurements and theoretical calculations, the presence of Rashba-Dresselhaus (RD) SOC in the lower branch of polariton modes is revealed. We have observed for the first time polarization-coupled emission from polariton modes due to the RD-SOC effect in a microcavity with a medium having both strong light-matter coupling and strong optical anisotropy. Theoretical investigations further elucidate the intricate interplay between the RD-SOC effect and anisotropic light-matter coupling, leading to the emergence of both circularly and diagonally polarized mode splittings. This study not only advances our understanding of optical SOC in microcavities but also highlights the potential of highly oriented molecular crystals in manipulating SOC effects without external electric or magnetic fields. These findings offer greatly promising platforms for developing topological photonics and quantum technologies

コウミツド ハチョウ タジュウ オ モチイタ ヒカリ アクセス ホウシキ ニ オケル コウゲン ノ ハチョウ セイギョ

This paper describes a high density wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) optical access network for broadband access networks. In the network, a wavelength is pre-assigned to each subscriber. Arrayed waveguide gratings (AWGs) are used at a central office and a remote node for wavelength multi/demultiplexers. We introduce a method to tune the wavelengths of transmitters in both the central office and the subscriber premises to the center of each assigned transmission spectrum of an access network. Using this method, we confirm experimentally the controllability of the wavelengths on four laser diodes in the access network which was composed of two subscribers. The 1×40 AWGs with 0.8 nm spacing were used. The experimental results indicate the controllability of the wavelengths of transmitters within the deviation of ±0.25nm from the center of the transmission spectrum of two AWGs. The wavelengths are controlled during the environmental temperature of the AWG in the remote node varies within the range of ±20℃. The temperature range of ±20℃ is not enough for practical use. So as to minimize the temperature change of AWG, we propose a WDM access network which utilizes an athermal AWG in the remote node. The perfect temperature compensation of the athermal AWG is not necessarily required because the wavelength control system already exists. This results in the cost reduction of the athermal AWG. We study the wavelength control using cost-effective one-board-computer instead of the measurement server

Study on evaluations of some geophysical explorations by self-organizing maps

We usually carry out geophysical explorations for slope conditions. However, there is no technique to compound and interpret the result of each geophysical exploration now. Therefore, we classified the ground property by self-organizing maps (SOM). The classification result by SOM is relatively conformal with boring data. Therefore, it is recognized that it can be used to improve the interpretative accuracy of compound geophysical explorations.6th International Symposium in Science and Technology at Kansai University 2011 Date: 24-26 Aug., 201

2-Ethyl 4-methyl 5-ethyl-3-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2,4-dicarboxyl­ate

The title pyrrole derivative compound, C12H17NO4, was synthesized from methyl 3-oxopenta­noate by a Knorr-type reaction and contains a pyrrole ring to which two diagonal alk­oxy­carbonyl groups and two diagonal alkyl substituents are attached. The methyl­carbonyl and ethyl­carbonyl substituents are approximately co-planar with the pyrrole ring, making dihedral angles of 5.64 (2) and 3.44 (1)°, respectively. In the crystal, adjacent mol­ecules are assembled by pairs of N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds into dimers in a head-to-head mode

Compound evaluations method of some geophysical explorations by self-organizing maps

In Japan, in the high economic growth period in 1960’s, a great number of slopes were formed to construct many roads. Now, the slopes have been aging, it is important to estimate the health of the aging slopes and maintain slopes effectually. So we usually carry out seismic wave method, surface wave method, electric method and so on. However, there is not the technique to compound and interpret the result of each geophysical exploration. Therefore, we notice to self-organizing maps (SOM) used widely in a field of the information processing engineering, and tried to interpret multidimensional data by integrating. In this paper, we classified the ground property by self-organizing maps. The classification result is relatively conformal with boring data. Therefore, it is recognized that it can be used to improve the interpretative accuracy of compound geophysical explorations. And, it can be shown that this technique is effective to estimate of the ground property of the aging slope.EIT-JSCE Joint International Symposium on Geotechnical Infrastructure Asset Management 2011,EIT-JSC