Efficacy of Sight Translation in English-Japanese Consecutive Interpreting Training in a University Course

A special type of simultaneous interpreting, sight translation has been a topic of particular interest as a variant of written and oral translation. The association of sight translation and simultaneous interpreting has been discussed for many pedagogical and professional purposes. However, few studies based on empirical evaluation have investigated the efficacy of sight translation as a comprehension component in relation to consecutive interpreting. This study examined the effectiveness of intensive sight translation activities for the subsequent training in consecutive interpreting of students registered on an English-Japanese interpreting course at a university in Japan. Data analysis revealed the efficacy of sight translation practice but showed that it had no significant impact on consecutive interpreting. Several exploratory analyses were conducted that may provide insight into the characteristics of the two distinct modalities by presenting the differences in processing capacities needed by the two respective modes

カンボジア王国におけるE型肝炎ウイルス感染に関する血清疫学的研究 : 一般住民における有病率およびHEV RNA genotype 4の初めての検出と全塩基配列の決定

This work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 24590793 and a Health広島大学(Hiroshima University)博士(医学)Doctor of Philosophy in Medical Sciencedoctora

The Dynamics of Three-Planet Systems: an Approach from Dynamical System

We study in detail the motions of three planets interacting with each other under the influence of a central star. It is known that the system with more than two planets becomes unstable after remaining quasi-stable for long times, leading to highly eccentric orbital motions or ejections of some of the planets. In this paper, we are concerned with the underlying physics for this quasi-stability as well as the subsequent instability and advocate the so-called "stagnant motion" in the phase space, which has been explored in the field of dynamical system. We employ the Lyapunov exponent, the power spectra of orbital elements and the distribution of the durations of quasi-stable motions to analyze the phase space structure of the three-planet system, the simplest and hopefully representative one that shows the instability. We find from the Lyapunov exponent that the system is almost non-chaotic in the initial quasi-stable state whereas it becomes intermittently chaotic thereafter. The non-chaotic motions produce the horizontal dense band in the action-angle plot whereas the voids correspond to the chaotic motions. We obtain power laws for the power spectra of orbital eccentricities. Power-law distributions are also found for the durations of quasi-stable states. All these results combined together, we may reach the following picture: the phase space consists of the so-called KAM tori surrounded by satellite tori and imbedded in the chaotic sea. The satellite tori have a self-similar distribution and are responsible for the scale-free power-law distributions of the duration times. The system is trapped around one of the KAM torus and the satellites for a long time (the stagnant motion) and moves to another KAM torus with its own satellites from time to time, corresponding to the intermittent chaotic behaviors.Comment: 43 pages, 14 figures, 3 tables. Accepted for publication in Ap

Cem anos de imigração japonesa : a construção midiática da identidade do imigrante japonês

Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Letras, Departamento de Linguística, Português e Línguas Clássicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Linguística, Doutorado em Linguística, 2013.A pesquisa Cem anos de imigração japonesa: a construção midiática da identidade do imigrante japonês tem como objetivo analisar como o ator social imigrante japonês e o problema social imigração japonesa foram representados pelos meios de comunicação de massa em dois períodos: no início da imigração japonesa (1907-1908) e na Segunda Guerra Mundial. O estudo defende a tese de que, em diferentes momentos, ao longo dos cem anos da imigração japonesa, o discurso sobre a imigração japonesa e sobre o ator social imigrante japonês na mídia tem caráter racial e sofre mudanças conforme as circunstâncias políticas e econômicas, com repercussões na construção da identidade do imigrante japonês. A fim de alcançar o objetivo, são analisados dois textos midiáticos e dois documentos legais, um contrato e um decreto-lei, com metodologia qualitativa de cunho interpretativo, sob à luz da Análise de Discurso Crítica. As questões da pesquisa foram: 1 - Como os meios de comunicação de massa representam as identidades dos atores sociais da imigração japonesa?, 2 - Qual é a ideologia presente nas notícias midiáticas e como elas se manifestam ao retratar o imigrante japonês?, 3 - Ao longo dos cem anos, a construção da identidade do imigrante japonês foi polêmica? Houve racismo ou preconceito?. As categorias analíticas foram as de Fairclough (1995, 2006, 2012), de Van Leeuwen (1996, 1997, 2008) e de Thompson (1995). A interpretação dos textos analisados mostra que, segundo as categorias de análise, a construção da identidade do imigrante japonês foi polêmica e que ocorreram racismo e preconceitos com repercussão na sua vida social, econômica e cultural. ________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACTThe research A hundred years of the Japanese immigration: the media identity construction of the Japanese immigrant aims to analyze how the Japanese immigrant social actor and the Japanese social immigration problem were represented by the means of mass media in two periods of time: in the beginning of the Japanese immigration (1907-1908) and during the World War II. The study supports the thesis that, at different times, over the one hundred years of Japanese immigration, the discourse on Japanese immigration and the social actor Japanese immigrant in the media have racial character and goes through changes, according to political and economical circumstances, with repercussion in the identity construction of the Japanese immigrant. In order to achieve the research goals, two media texts, two legal documents, one contract and an ordinance were analyzed, with a qualitative methodology, in the light of the Critical Discourse Analysis. The research questions were: 1 – How does the means of mass communication represent the identities of social actors from the Japanese immigration? 2 – What is the ideology present in the media news and how they manifest themselves when portraying the Japanese immigrant? 3 – Taking into account, the period of one hundred years of the building the identity of the Japanese immigrant, was it polemic? Moreover, there were racism and prejudice? The analytical categories were based on Fairclough (1995, 2006, 2012), Van Leeuwen (1996, 1997, 2008) and Thompson (1995). The interpretation of the analyzed texts shows, that according to the categories of analysis, the construction of identity of the Japanese immigrant was polemic and there were racism and prejudices with repercussion in his/her their social, economical and cultural life

Physiological Activities of Perilla Frutescens Var. Frutescens Leaf Extracts and Storage Stability in Kneaded Noodles

Perilla (Perilla frutescens var. frutescens) leaves were fractionated based on their chemical properties, and the physiological activities of the fractions were evaluated. The acidic fraction had high radical scavenging ability, whereas the superoxide dismutase-like activities of all fractions were low. A positive correlation was observed between scavenging activity and polyphenol content. The inhibitory effects of the extracts on a-amylase and on a-glucosidase activities were low, indicating a weak suppressive effect of the leaf extracts on diabetes. The acidic and phenolic fractions suppressed pancreatic lipase activity and accelerated lipid hydrolysis in adipocytes differentiated from 3T3-L1 cells. Flour noodles kneaded with leaf powder were prepared, and storage stability was examined. The functional compounds in the leaves were heat-sensitive in the flour noodles. We fractionated perilla leaves to isolate and identify valuable components to provide functionality to processed food and determined that some conditions, such as storage temperature, must be considered to effectively use the compounds

Specific binding of okadaic acid, a new tumor promoter in mouse skin

AbstractThe tumor promoter okadaic acid binds specifically to a particulate as well as a cytosolic fraction of various mouse tissues, e.g., skin, brain, lung and colon. The KD value was 21.7 nM for receptors in the particulate fraction and 1.0 nM for those in the cytosolic fraction of mouse skin. The specific binding of [3H]okadaic acid to the particulate fraction of mouse skin was inhibited dose-dependently by okadaic acid, but not okaidaic acid tetramethyl ether, an inactive compound, or by other tumor promoters, such as 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate and teleocidin. The results suggest a new pathway of tumor promotion mediated through the okadaic acid receptor(s)

Versatile Psychophysiological Potencies of Essential Oils, when Seen as a Function of Behavioral Task Assigned to the Participants after Inhalation

To elucidate the psychophysiological effect of inhaling essential oils, in this paper, we sought to assess the following 12 essential oils: basil, bergamot, cardamom, cinnamon, juniper, lemon, orange, palmarosa, peppermint, sandalwood, spearmint, and ylang ylang. As these being target odors, we focused on the verbal (semantic) and non-verbal (skin temperature) endpoints of the stimuli. In our experimental design, we managed to assign different behavioral tasks to the participants. The Uchida-Kraepelin test was used as a mental arithmetic task and listening to environmental (natural) sounds as an auditory task. In the verbal study, for an example, we conducted the sensory test twice, once before and once after the task. As a measure of the perceived odor quality in participants after inhalation of a given aroma, we employed a sensory evaluation spectrum. It is a bar graph in which the mean of the difference in score between pre- and post-task inquiry (post minus pre) was plotted against the impression descriptors. Taking into account of the obtained skin temperature changes between pre- and post-task inhalations, the subtle nuances between verbal and non-verbal expressions seen as a function of the two behavioral tasks assigned to the participant suggested that essential oils may have versatile psychophysiological potencies by the nature

Solution-processed nickel tetrabenzoporphyrin thin-film transistors

We describe nickel tetrabenzoporphyrin (NiTBP) as a solution-processible organic semiconductor. Whereas porphyrins in an unmodified state are typically planar and insoluble, a precursor synthetic route (NiCP) was used to deposit thin films via solution. Amorphous, insulating thin films of NiCP were deposited, and thermally converted to polycrystalline, semiconducting NiTBP. Films were studied using optical absorption and microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and x-ray diffraction. Highly concentrated NiCP was shown to form large, needle-shaped crystals drop-cast from solution. NiTBP thin-film field-effect transistors fabricated from spun-cast films demonstrated charge-carrier field-effect mobilities on the order of 0.1 and 0.2 cm2/V s0.2cm2∕Vs and accumulation threshold voltages of −19−19 and −13−13, in the linear and saturation regimes, respectively.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/87777/2/034502_1.pd