Nuclear Inelastic X-Ray Scattering of FeO to 48 GPa

The partial density of vibrational states has been measured for Fe in compressed FeO (w\"ustite) using nuclear resonant inelastic x-ray scattering. Substantial changes have been observed in the overall shape of the density of states close to the magnetic transiton around 20 GPa from the paramagnetic (low pressure) to the antiferromagnetic (high pressure) state. Our data indicate a substantial softening of the aggregate sound velocities far below the transition, starting between 5 and 10 GPa. This is consistent with recent radial x-ray diffraction measurements of the elastic constants in FeO. The results indicate that strong magnetoelastic coupling in FeO is the driving force behind the changes in the phonon spectrum of FeO.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure

1-Tetra­decyl­pyridinium bromide monohydrate

In the title compound, C19H34N+·Br−·H2O, the dihedral angle between the trans-planar alkyl side chain and the pyridinium ring is 52.73 (7)°. In the crystal structure, O—H⋯Br, C—H⋯Br and C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds form a network, while the hydro­phobic alkyl chains inter­digitate, forming bilayers

Variant phasing and haplotypic expression from long-read sequencing in maize

Haplotype phasing maize genetic variants is important for genome interpretation, population genetic analysis and functional analysis of allelic activity. We performed an isoform-level phasing study using two maize inbred lines and their reciprocal crosses, based on single-molecule, full-length cDNA sequencing. To phase and analyze transcripts between hybrids and parents, we developed IsoPhase. Using this tool, we validated the majority of SNPs called against matching short-read data from embryo, endosperm and root tissues, and identified allele-specific, gene-level and isoform-level differential expression between the inbred parental lines and hybrid offspring. After phasing 6907 genes in the reciprocal hybrids, we annotated the SNPs and identified large-effect genes. In addition, we identified parent-of-origin isoforms, distinct novel isoforms in maize parent and hybrid lines, and imprinted genes from different tissues. Finally, we characterized variation in cis- and trans-regulatory effects. Our study provides measures of haplotypic expression that could increase accuracy in studies of allelic expression

Field-induced polarisation of Dirac valleys in bismuth

Electrons are offered a valley degree of freedom in presence of particular lattice structures. Manipulating valley degeneracy is the subject matter of an emerging field of investigation, mostly focused on charge transport in graphene. In bulk bismuth, electrons are known to present a threefold valley degeneracy and a Dirac dispersion in each valley. Here we show that because of their huge in-plane mass anisotropy, a flow of Dirac electrons along the trigonal axis is extremely sensitive to the orientation of in-plane magnetic field. Thus, a rotatable magnetic field can be used as a valley valve to tune the contribution of each valley to the total conductivity. According to our measurements, charge conductivity by carriers of a single valley can exceed four-fifth of the total conductivity in a wide range of temperature and magnetic field. At high temperature and low magnetic field, the three valleys are interchangeable and the three-fold symmetry of the underlying lattice is respected. As the temperature lowers and/or the magnetic field increases, this symmetry is spontaneously lost. The latter may be an experimental manifestation of the recently proposed valley-nematic Fermi liquid state.Comment: 14 pages + 5 pages of supplementary information; a slightly modified version will appear as an article in Nature physic

A novel mutation in the tyrosine kinase domain of ERBB2 in hepatocellular carcinoma

BACKGROUND: Several studies showed that gain-of-function somatic mutations affecting the catalytic domain of EGFR in non-small cell lung carcinomas were associated with response to gefitinib and erlotinib, both EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors. In addition, 4% of non-small cell lung carcinomas were shown to have ERBB2 mutations in the kinase domain. In our study, we sought to determine if similar respective gain-of-function EGFR and ERBB2 mutations were present in hepatoma and/or biliary cancers. METHODS: We extracted genomic DNA from 40 hepatoma (18) and biliary cancers (22) samples, and 44 adenocarcinomas of the lung, this latter as a positive control for mutation detection. We subjected those samples to PCR-based semi-automated double stranded nucleotide sequencing targeting exons 18–21 of EGFR and ERBB2. All samples were tested against matched normal DNA. RESULTS: We found 11% of hepatoma, but no biliary cancers, harbored a novel ERBB2 H878Y mutation in the activating domain. CONCLUSION: These newly described mutations may play a role in predicting response to EGFR-targeted therapy in hepatoma and their role should be explored in prospective studies

Identifikasi Pola Sebaran Air Panas Menggunakan Metode Resistivitas Dan Georadar Di Daerah Gunung Pandan Jawa Timur

Telah dilakukan penelitian menggunakan metode resistivitas dan georadar di daerah gunung Pandan, Jawa Timur, Indonesia, untuk mengidentifikasi struktur bawah permukaan berdasarkan interpretasi 3D dan menentukan pola sebaran air panas. Akusisi data resistivitas dilakukan pada 16 titik VES (Vertical Electrical Sounding) dengan desain penelitian berbentuk grid melingkupi manifestasi mataair panas, sedangkan akuisisi data georadar dilakukan scanning pada 4 zona manifestasi mataair panas yang berada dalam area akuisisi data resistivitas. Hasil interpretasi 3D struktur bawah permukaan berdasarkan data resistivitas di daerah gunung Pandan menunjukan rentang nilai dari 1,06-20064,09 Ωm, berada pada kedalaman 0,58-147 m. Terdapat 4 lapisan batuan yaitu: a. Lapisan batuan dengan nilai resistivitas <20 Ωm diinterpretasikan sebagai lapisan yang mengandung air panas diduga merupakan batuan lempung pasiran (clay sand). Lapisan yang mengandung air panas panas berada dekat permukaan hingga kedalaman 114 m. b. Lapisan batuan dengan nilai resistivitas antara 20,01-50,00 Ωm diinterpretasikan sebagai lapisan kedap air diduga merupakan batuan tuff. c. Lapisan batuan dengan nilai resistivitas antara 50,01-100 Ωm diinterpretasikan sebagai lapisan penyimpan air (akuifer) diduga merupakan batu pasir (sandstone). d. Lapisan batuan dengan nilai resistivitas >100,01 Ωm diinterpretasikan sebagai lapisan sumber panas (source) diduga merupakan breksi gunungapi. Hasil interpretasi 3D struktur bawah permukaan berdasarkan hasil perekaman GPR menunjukan adanya lapisan rongga (cavity) diduga sebagai lapisan yang mengandung air panas tersebar pada semua line profil berada dekat permukaan hingga kedalaman 0,07-16,88 m. Pola sebaran air panas berdasarkan data resistivitas dan georadar di daerah gunung Pandan bersifat mengelompok dan menyebar. Pola sebarannya berasal dari barat daya-timur lau

Asia Oceania Guidelines for the Implementation of Programs for Cervical Cancer Prevention and Control

This paper aims to provide evidence-based recommendations for health professionals, to develop a comprehensive cervical cancer program for a clinic, a community, or a country. Ensuring access to healthcare is the responsibility of all societies, and the Asia Oceania Research Organisation in Genital Infections and Neoplasia (AOGIN) is committed to working collaboratively with governments and health professionals to facilitate prevention programs, to protect girls and women from cervical cancer, a disease that globally affects 500,000 and kills nearly 300,000 women annually, just over half of whom are in the Asia Oceania region. We share the vision that a comprehensive program of vaccination, screening, and treatment should be made accessible to all girls and women in the world. The primary purpose of these guidelines is to provide information on scientific evidence on the different modalities and approaches of cervical cancer prevention programs, for high resource and low resource settings. The secondary purpose is to provide an overview of the current situation of cervical cancer control and prevention in various Asian Oceania countries: their views of an ideal program, identified obstacles, and suggestions to overcome them are discussed