Revista de Indias y Anuario de Estudios Americanos. Visibilidad y uso de la edición electrónica

Una década americanista en línea, 2010, [En línea], Puesto en línea el 25 mayo 2010[EN] In this article we analyze the online visibility and content usage of two Americanist Journals published by CSIC, Revista de Indias and Anuario de Estudios Americanos. The online edition dates back to 2007; contents are comparable in terms of accessible documents, and both Journals are published in Open Access, with a 6-months embargo. We also discuss some methodological issues in terms of the need of a data normalization allowing the measurement of genuine downloads assimilable to document reading. Both Journals registered close to 500,000 normalized downloads along 2008 and 2009, most coming from Latin America and the United States (70%). Data show a high degree of repeated downloads of the same document from the same user (25% of total downloads) and indexation downloads (25% of normalized downloads), and also the lack of correlation between Journal’s visibility (webpage visits) and content usage (document downloads). Access restriction has a negative effect, as evidenced by the low downloading of embargoed documents[ES] En este artículo analizamos los datos de visibilidad y uso de las dos revistas de temática americanista editadas por el CSIC, Revista de Indias y Anuario de Estudios Americanos. La edición electrónica de ambas data de 2007, y su contenido en artículos accesibles es comparable; ambas se publican en Acceso Abierto (OA) con un embargo de acceso de 6 meses. También analizamos cuestiones metodológicas relativas al análisis de descargas, en el sentido de la necesidad de una normalización de los datos que permita determinar las descargas reales, asimilables a una lectura del documento. Durante los años 2008 y 2009, ambas revistas han recibido cerca de 500.000 descargas normalizadas, que provienen en su mayoría de Latinoamérica y Estados Unidos (70%). Los datos muestran el elevado número de descargas repetidas de documentos en periodos cortos de tiempo por el mismo usuario (25% de las totales registradas) y de descargas de indización (25% de las descargas normalizadas), y también la falta de correlación entre visibilidad de las revistas (visitas a páginas web) y uso de los contenidos (descarga de documentos). La restricción de acceso tiene un efecto perjudicial, evidenciado por el bajo nivel de descarga de los documentos sometidos a embargoPeer reviewe

Acute Tick-borne Rickettsiosis Caused by Rickettsia sibirica in the Russian Far East

An acute tick-borne rickettsiosis caused by Rickettsia heilongjiangensis was diagnosed in 13 patients from the Russian Far East in 2002. We amplified and sequenced four portions of three rickettsial genes from the patients’ skin biopsy results and blood samples and showed that the amplified rickettsial genes belong to R. heilongjiangensis, which was recently isolated from Dermacentor sylvarum ticks in nearby regions of China. This rickettsia, belonging to subgroup of R. japonica, was previously suggested to be pathogenic for humans on the basis of serologic findings. We tested serum samples with different rickettsial antigens from 11 patients and confirmed increasing titers of immunoglobulin (Ig) G and IgM to spotted fever group rickettsiae, including R. heilongjiangensis. Clinical and epidemiologic data on these patients shows that this disease is similar to other tick-borne rickettsioses

Investigation into the Influence of the Degree of Grinding of the Ingot Grain Structure of the 6063 Alloy on Its Plasticity, Extruding Parameters, and Properties of Extruded Profiles

As a result of an analysis of scientific and technical literature and practical data, it is found that changing the casting parameters for ingots using different designs of crystallizers makes it possible to vary the degree of refinement of the grain structure of ingots in a sufficiently wide range, which should be reflected in the conditions of extrusion of aluminum alloy profiles and their physicomechanical characteristics. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to assess the influence of the degree of grinding for the ingot grain structure of alloy 6063 on the deformation and speed parameters of extrusion and the mechanical properties of profiles. Several parties of 178-mm diameter ingots of 6063 alloy cast under industrial conditions, as well as profiles formed by direct extrusion using a horizontal hydraulic press with a force of 18 MN subjected to quenching and aging, are used. The grain size in homogenized ingots is evaluated by optical microscopy using an Olimpus optical microscope, and tests of mechanical properties are performed using an Inspect 20 kN-1 universal testing machine. It is established that the initial grain size in the ingot structure strongly affects both the ingot plasticity during extrusion and final structure and mechanical properties of profiled products made of aluminum alloys. When analyzing these results, it is possible to conclude that an increase in strength characteristics of extruded products made of ingots with a more refined structure is due to the fact that a fine grain is retained in the metal structure after its deformation, while the cast metal plasticity rises with an increase in the degree of grinding the grain structure in the ingot. In connection with this fact, an increase in the efficiency of quenching the profiled products and metal outflow rate during the extrusion take place

Vitamin D supplementation and breast cancer prevention : a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials

In recent years, the scientific evidence linking vitamin D status or supplementation to breast cancer has grown notably. To investigate the role of vitamin D supplementation on breast cancer incidence, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials comparing vitamin D with placebo or no treatment. We used OVID to search MEDLINE (R), EMBASE and CENTRAL until April 2012. We screened the reference lists of included studies and used the “Related Article” feature in PubMed to identify additional articles. No language restrictions were applied. Two reviewers independently extracted data on methodological quality, participants, intervention, comparison and outcomes. Risk Ratios and 95% Confident Intervals for breast cancer were pooled using a random-effects model. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 test. In sensitivity analysis, we assessed the impact of vitamin D dosage and mode of administration on treatment effects. Only two randomized controlled trials fulfilled the pre-set inclusion criteria. The pooled analysis included 5372 postmenopausal women. Overall, Risk Ratios and 95% Confident Intervals were 1.11 and 0.74–1.68. We found no evidence of heterogeneity. Neither vitamin D dosage nor mode of administration significantly affected breast cancer risk. However, treatment efficacy was somewhat greater when vitamin D was administered at the highest dosage and in combination with calcium (Risk Ratio 0.58, 95% Confident Interval 0.23–1.47 and Risk Ratio 0.93, 95% Confident Interval 0.54–1.60, respectively). In conclusions, vitamin D use seems not to be associated with a reduced risk of breast cancer development in postmenopausal women. However, the available evidence is still limited and inadequate to draw firm conclusions. Study protocol code: FARM8L2B5L

New quantitative methods of electrode evaluation under continuous voltammetric conditions

© The Royal Society of Chemistry and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique.Based on the recent results obtained in papers it has become possible to create an original theory for the quantitative detection/description of different electrode states in electrochemical measurements. This new approach allows for the taking into account of the influence of the apparatus function and for the quantitative comparison of two similar electrodes used for measurements of the same substance. The new approach does need unjustified suppositions and a specific model for the description of measured curves; the desired curves (reduced to an ideal experiment after the elimination of the apparatus function) are expressed quantitatively in terms of the so-called intermediate model. The fitting parameters of the intermediate model coincide with the fragment of the Fourier series used as the fitting function. Besides, the distribution of measurements has a universal distribution and can be expressed in terms of the fitting parameters associated with a beta distribution function. The new approach opens new perspectives for conventional electrochemistry and can be used as an accurate tool for the description of reproducible data, the detection of “traces” and the selection of the “best fit” model among competitive hypotheses suggested by theoretical electrochemistry

New quantitative methods of electrode evaluation under continuous voltammetric conditions

© The Royal Society of Chemistry and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique.Based on the recent results obtained in papers it has become possible to create an original theory for the quantitative detection/description of different electrode states in electrochemical measurements. This new approach allows for the taking into account of the influence of the apparatus function and for the quantitative comparison of two similar electrodes used for measurements of the same substance. The new approach does need unjustified suppositions and a specific model for the description of measured curves; the desired curves (reduced to an ideal experiment after the elimination of the apparatus function) are expressed quantitatively in terms of the so-called intermediate model. The fitting parameters of the intermediate model coincide with the fragment of the Fourier series used as the fitting function. Besides, the distribution of measurements has a universal distribution and can be expressed in terms of the fitting parameters associated with a beta distribution function. The new approach opens new perspectives for conventional electrochemistry and can be used as an accurate tool for the description of reproducible data, the detection of “traces” and the selection of the “best fit” model among competitive hypotheses suggested by theoretical electrochemistry

New quantitative methods of electrode evaluation under continuous voltammetric conditions

© The Royal Society of Chemistry and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique.Based on the recent results obtained in papers it has become possible to create an original theory for the quantitative detection/description of different electrode states in electrochemical measurements. This new approach allows for the taking into account of the influence of the apparatus function and for the quantitative comparison of two similar electrodes used for measurements of the same substance. The new approach does need unjustified suppositions and a specific model for the description of measured curves; the desired curves (reduced to an ideal experiment after the elimination of the apparatus function) are expressed quantitatively in terms of the so-called intermediate model. The fitting parameters of the intermediate model coincide with the fragment of the Fourier series used as the fitting function. Besides, the distribution of measurements has a universal distribution and can be expressed in terms of the fitting parameters associated with a beta distribution function. The new approach opens new perspectives for conventional electrochemistry and can be used as an accurate tool for the description of reproducible data, the detection of “traces” and the selection of the “best fit” model among competitive hypotheses suggested by theoretical electrochemistry