Speech Conflict in Family Communication

The study was performed in line with the actual scientific areas of language conflictology and linguistic axiology. The article is devoted to the linguistic description of conflict situations in family communication by the material of the film “Inadequate people” (directed by Roman Karimov). The relevance of the study is due to the need to study communication in small social groups (in particular, in the family), as there is a high level of emotionality and intensity of communication, and it often becomes a conflictogenic factor. The text fragments representing speech conflicts between a teenager and adult relatives are analyzed. The markers of destructive communication and speech aggression in the communicative behaviour of adults (negatively charged language means and non-cooperative speech-behavioral tactics of condemnation, threat, coercion, etc.) and adolescents (high tone, insults, rude demand, disharmonizing strategy of discredit, tactics of “rudeness” and other). Special attention is paid to implicit speech aggression, which is embodied in irony, sarcasm, indirect issues. It is noted that using such techniques, the communicant expresses a negative or critical attitude towards the addressee. It is indicated that the intergenerational conflict is expressed in the deformation of interpersonal communication, in the failure of mechanisms of understanding between parents and children, in disagreements concerning moral and value orientations

Semantic and Pragmatic Potential of Adverb <i>po-kitayski </i>‘in Chinese’ in Modern Russian Media

The research is carried out in the context of pragmalinguistics and is devoted to the question of means of forming stereotypes in the texts of journalistic discourse. The semantics and pragmatics of the lexeme po-kitayski ‘in Chinese’ as a diagnostic language means manifesting collective stereotypical ideas about China are considered. The material for the study is the statements extracted from the modern Russian media in the electronic database Integrum. Texts about policy, state economy, Chinese cuisine and New year’s holiday in China are presented. It is shown that the analyzed adverb is used in verbal and substantive word combinations with concrete and abstract nouns. The material indicates that verbal phrases characterize specific processes occurring in China. The thesis that substantial-adverbial word combinations are used to characterize or reinterpret known concepts is put forward. The article presents the results of the analysis of the contextual semantics of the adverb po-kitayski , which is complicated by the background features that actualize a number of typical characteristics of the Eastern state (a specific form of globalization, a special socialist model, the task of eradicating corruption at all levels, economic breakthrough, preservation of cultural traditions). In the Russian media there is an estimated duality in the representation of China. Stereotypes about China are mostly positive: a prosperous economy, political independence, ancient traditions. In particular, the low quality of goods produced in China and the cruelty of political measures receive a negative assessment

Image of Presenter of Political Talk Show: on Problem of Gender Peculiarities

The study is done within actual direction of modern science - the gender linguistics. The article is devoted to the question of the communicative image of the TV presenters of political talk-show Vladimir Solovyov and Olga Skabeyeva. The results of a comparative analysis of the components of the public image of each media person are presented: appearance, communicative behavior, speech manners. It is shown that Solovyov and Skabeyeva have a bright, catchy, wistful image, and their similarities - leading position, business style in clothes, gestures system, categoricalness - are determined by the program format. It is proved that at the same time, communicative images of the presenters have a specific gender identity: Vladimir Solovyov’s image corresponds to stereotypical idea of a real man, while Olga Skabeyeva’s image combines both typically female (modesty, elegance, parity) and male characteristics (rationality, rigidity, hardness). Special attention is given to verbal behaviour that detects the individual characteristics of each media person. Vladimir Solovyov’s manner of speech can be characterized as assertive, poly-stylistic, management one. The authors argue that the dominant for this presenter is a strategy of self-presentation, while the main intention can be defined as the retention of communicative leadership. The general speech style of Olga Skabeyeva can be described as aggressive, but the presenter purely uses female methods of mitigating the conflict. It is proved that the communicative style of the presenter is not free from gender peculiarities of the personality

Laboratory of Senses

It is reported about a series of scientific and research events “Laboratory of Senses” organized in October and December 2016 at the Philological faculty of Samara State Socio-Pedagogical University. The content and purpose of “Laboratory of Senses” are characterized - teaching the analysis of literary text in literary, philological and linguistic methodology aspects with the achievements of various methodologies and scientific schools. Constructive performance of this series of activities carried out by teachers of the University with the bachelors and undergraduates is described

Cerebrovascular diseases epidemiology in the Stavropol region rural residents in the implementation context of the regional program «Fighting mediavascular diseases in the Stavropol region»

Relevance. During the implementation of the program for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases in the Stavropol Territory, measures were taken to prevent hemorrhagic and ischemic strokes, train medical personnel in methods of timely detection of cerebrovascular diseases (CVD), recognition (including through training of the general population) and routing patients with acute cerebrovascular accidents; during a pandemic, opening specialized departments. This organizational experiment required an assessment of its impact on the most medically complex group of the population - rural residents. The aim was to study in dynamics the epidemic situation of CVD among the rural population in the Stavropol Territory in comparison with the Russian Federation. Materials and Methods. Information from official statistical observation forms on the incidence of CVD and mortality from them was studied. Results and Discussion. In the period from 2010 to 2022, there was an increase in the incidence of CVD in the rural population from 464.6 to 1045.1 per 100,000 rural population, which is partly due to the aging of the population, and partly due to improved diagnosis of CVD. The overall incidence of CVD increased from 1275.5 to 3416.1, which suggests an improvement in patient survival. The incidence of strokes of all types tended to decrease, which indicates the effectiveness of the impact on the risk factors for their development. The incidence of unspecified strokes decreased significantly, which led to an increase in the primary incidence of cerebral infarctions (which, however, grew more slowly in the Stavropol Territory than in the Russian Federation as a whole; the coefficients of the regression equations were 2.5 and 4.3, respectively). Between 2015 and 2022. the mortality rates (from 208.4 to 161.1) and mortality (from 5.8 to 2.8) from CVD decreased rapidly (relative to mortality from CVD in the Russian Federation). Conclusion. The proposed set of measures for the prevention and treatment of CVD, including preventive measures, a system of social mobilization, FAST-test, patient routing systems with the delivery of eligible persons to vascular centers within an hour, timely response to new risk factors for the development of CVD, was effective and can be recommended for implementation in similar areas with a high proportion of rural population

Exploring the impact of care home environments and culture on supporting residents to “wander” safely

Background Up to 60% of people with dementia living in care homes will ‘wander’ at some point, which has typically been seen by staff as a problematic behaviour. A range of non-pharmacological interventions have been tested to either support or prevent wandering. However, even recent innovative practice continues to maintain a focus on reducing or preventing wandering. This study aimed to identify, for the first time, care home staff perspectives on home level factors that facilitate or hinder them supporting residents to wander safely. Methods Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with 19 care home staff, working in the North of England. Framework analysis was used to analyse the data. Results A range of environmental considerations were identified by staff. Care home design influenced how residents were able to move safely around, and inclusion of points of interest encouraged walking to different locations, such as a garden. Staff worried about managing access to other residents’ rooms by people who wander. Within the care home culture, prioritising safe staffing levels, training and awareness, involving external healthcare professionals where required and mentorship from experienced staff members, all contributed towards safe wandering. Staff support for positive risk-taking within the care home was key to promote person-centred care, alongside careful oversight and management of relationships between residents. Conclusions We identified a range of cultural and environmental factors that contribute towards safe wandering. A positive approach to risk-taking by staff is required to support residents to engage in wandering as an enjoyable activity, whilst acknowledging that there are inherent risks associated with this

Sex, sex chromosomes and gene expression

The X chromosome has fewer testis-specific genes than autosomes in many species. This bias is commonly attributed to X inactivation in spermatogenesis but a recent paper in BMC Biology provides evidence against X inactivation in Drosophila and proposes that somatic tissue- and testis- but not ovary-specific genes tend not to be located on the X chromosome. Here, we discuss possible mechanisms underlying this bias, including sexual antagonism and dosage compensation

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF CLASSICAL NUCLEAR REACTOR KINETICS AND KINETICS OF MARKOV CHAIN FISSION REACTION

Comparison of the classical kinetics of the nuclear reactor with the kinetics of the Markov chain nuclear reaction had established the limits of application of the classical kinetics, depending on the reactivity and the degree of divergence from the kinetics of the Markov chain reaction

Effects of Proteins from Culture Medium on Surface Property of Silanes- Functionalized Magnetic Nanoparticles

Monodisperse magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) were synthesized by thermal decomposition of iron-oleate and functionalized with silanes bearing various functional groups such as amino group (NH2), short-chain poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), and carboxylic group (COOH). Then, silanes-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles (silanes-MNPs) were incubated in cell culture medium plus fetal calf serum to investigate the effects of proteins from culture medium on surface property of MNPs. Zeta potential measurements showed that although surface charges of silanes-MNPs were different, they exhibited negative charges at neutral pH and approximate isoelectric points after they were incubated in cell culture medium. The reason was that silanes-MNPs could easily adsorb proteins from culture medium via non-covalent binding, resulting in the formation of protein-silanes-MNPs conjugates. Moreover, silanes-MNPs with various functional groups had different adsorption capacity to proteins, as confirmed by Coomassie blue fast staining method. The in vitro cell experiments showed that protein-silanes-MNPs had higher cellular uptake by cancer cells than silanes-MNPs

Perspectives of using Illumina MiSeq for identification of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

Arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi (AMF) form one of the most common symbiosis with the majority of land plants. AMF supply the plant with various mineral elements, primarily phosphorus, and improve the water supply. The search for the most effective AMF strains for symbiosis and the creation of microbial preparations on that basis is an important task for modern biology. Owing to the difficulties of cultivation without a host plant and their high genetic polymorphism, identifying AMF is very difficult. The high number of cryptic species often also makes morphological identification unreliable. Recent years have seen growth in the number of AMF biodiversity studies performed by modern NGS-based methods, Illumina MiSeq in particular. Currently, there are still many questions that remain for the identification of AМF. The most important are whether conservative or variable sequences should be used to select a marker for barcoding and whether universal primers or those specific to AMF should be used. In our work, we have successfully used universal primers ITS3 and ITS4 for the sequencing in Illumina MiSeq of the 5.8S rDNA – ITS2 region of the 35S rRNA genes, which contain both a conservative and variable regions. The molecular genetic approach for AMF identification was quite effective and allowed us to reliably identify eight of nine isolates to the species level: five isolates of Rhizophagus irregularis, and one isolate of R. invermaius, Paraglomus laccatum, and Claroideoglomus etunicatum, respectively. For all five R. irregularis isolates high variability in the ITS region and the absence of ecotopic-related molecular characters in the ITS2 region were demonstrated. The NCBI data is still insufficient for accurate AMF identification of Acaulospora sp. isolates from the genus to the species level