16,023 research outputs found
Informal Child Care and Adolescent Psychological Well-Being: Hong Kongās āChildren of 1997ā Birth Cohort
Background Informal child care (child care by untrained family members, relatives or employees in the home) in Western populations is often associated with poorer psychological well-being, which may be confounded by socioeconomic position. We examined the association of informal child care, common in non-Western settings, with adolescent psychological wellbeing, using Hong Kongās Chinese āChildren of 1997ā birth cohort.
Methods Multivariable linear regression was used to examine the adjusted associations of informal child care (at 0.5, 3, 5 and 11 years) with parent-reported Rutter score for child behavior at 11 years, self-reported Culture-Free Self-Esteem Inventories score at 11 years and selfreported Patient Health Questionnaire-9 depressive symptom score at 13 years. Model comparisons were used to identify the best representation of child care, in terms of a critical period of exposure to informal child care (independent variable) at a specific age, combination of exposures to informal child care at several ages or an accumulation of exposures to informal child care.
Results Child care was not associated with behavioral problems. A model considering child care at 3 years best represented the association of child care with self-esteem while a model considering child care at 5 years best represented the association of child care with depressive symptoms. Informal child care at 3 years was associated with lower self-esteem (-0.70, 95% confidence interval (CI) -1.26 to -0.14). Informal child care at 5 years was associated with more depressive symptoms (0.45, 95% CI 0.17 to 0.73)
The Radon Monitoring System in Daya Bay Reactor Neutrino Experiment
We developed a highly sensitive, reliable and portable automatic system
(H) to monitor the radon concentration of the underground experimental
halls of the Daya Bay Reactor Neutrino Experiment. H is able to measure
radon concentration with a statistical error less than 10\% in a 1-hour
measurement of dehumidified air (R.H. 5\% at 25C) with radon
concentration as low as 50 Bq/m. This is achieved by using a large radon
progeny collection chamber, semiconductor -particle detector with high
energy resolution, improved electronics and software. The integrated radon
monitoring system is highly customizable to operate in different run modes at
scheduled times and can be controlled remotely to sample radon in ambient air
or in water from the water pools where the antineutrino detectors are being
housed. The radon monitoring system has been running in the three experimental
halls of the Daya Bay Reactor Neutrino Experiment since November 2013
Mode of delivery and child and adolescent psychological well-being: Evidence from Hong Kongās āChildren of 1997ā birth cohort
Mode of delivery (vaginal or cesarean section) is thought to affect gut microbiota, which in turn may affect psychological well-being. As such, mode of delivery is potentially a modifiable factor for psychological well-being. Here we examined the association of mode of delivery with child and adolescent psychological well-being. We used multivariable linear regression in a populationrepresentative Hong Kong Chinese birth cohort, āChildren of 1997,ā to examine the adjusted associations of mode of delivery with behavioral problems assessed from parent-reported Rutter score at ~7 (n = 6294) and ~11 years (n = 5598), self-esteem assessed from self-reported Culture-Free Self- Esteem Inventory score at ~11 years (n = 6937) and depressive symptoms assessed from self-reported Patient Health Questionnaire-9 score at ~13 years (n = 5797). Cesarean Section (CS) was associated with children born in private hospitals, boys, and firstborns, higher maternal body mass index, higher maternal age, preeclampsia, higher socioeconomic position (SEP) and maternal birth in Hong Kong. CS was unrelated to behavior, self-esteem and depressive symptoms adjusted for infant characteristics (sex, gestational age, birthweight, parity and breast feeding), maternal characteristics (motherās age and place of birth) and SEP. In a developed non-Western setting, mode of delivery was not clearly associated with childhood or early adolescent psychological well-being
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Characterization of silicon nanowire by use of full-vectorial finite element method.
We have carried out a rigorous H-field-based full-vectorial modal analysis and used it to characterize, more accurately, the abrupt dielectric discontinuity of a high index contrast optical waveguide. The full-vectorial H and E fields and the Poynting vector profiles are described in detail. It has been shown through this work that the mode profile of a circular silicon nanowire is not circular and also contains a strong axial field component. The single-mode operation, vector field profiles, modal hybridness, modal ellipticity, and group velocity dispersion of this silicon nanowire are also presented
Genetic and epigenetic studies of atopic dermatitis
Additional file 2: References. References of candidate gene association studies in Table S1
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