607 research outputs found
Derived Categories of Coherent Sheaves and Triangulated Categories of Singularities
In this paper we establish an equivalence between the category of graded
D-branes of type B in Landau-Ginzburg models with homogeneous superpotential W
and the triangulated category of singularities of the fiber of W over zero. The
main result is a theorem that shows that the graded triangulated category of
singularities of the cone over a projective variety is connected via a fully
faithful functor to the bounded derived category of coherent sheaves on the
base of the cone. This implies that the category of graded D-branes of type B
in Landau-Ginzburg models with homogeneous superpotential W is connected via a
fully faithful functor to the derived category of coherent sheaves on the
projective variety defined by the equation W=0.Comment: 26 pp., LaTe
Randomized Reference Classifier with Gaussian Distribution and Soft Confusion Matrix Applied to the Improving Weak Classifiers
In this paper, an issue of building the RRC model using probability
distributions other than beta distribution is addressed. More precisely, in
this paper, we propose to build the RRR model using the truncated normal
distribution. Heuristic procedures for expected value and the variance of the
truncated-normal distribution are also proposed. The proposed approach is
tested using SCM-based model for testing the consequences of applying the
truncated normal distribution in the RRC model. The experimental evaluation is
performed using four different base classifiers and seven quality measures. The
results showed that the proposed approach is comparable to the RRC model built
using beta distribution. What is more, for some base classifiers, the
truncated-normal-based SCM algorithm turned out to be better at discovering
objects coming from minority classes.Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1901.0882
Effects of dependence in high-dimensional multiple testing problems
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>We consider effects of dependence among variables of high-dimensional data in multiple hypothesis testing problems, in particular the False Discovery Rate (FDR) control procedures. Recent simulation studies consider only simple correlation structures among variables, which is hardly inspired by real data features. Our aim is to systematically study effects of several network features like sparsity and correlation strength by imposing dependence structures among variables using random correlation matrices.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We study the robustness against dependence of several FDR procedures that are popular in microarray studies, such as Benjamin-Hochberg FDR, Storey's q-value, SAM and resampling based FDR procedures. False Non-discovery Rates and estimates of the number of null hypotheses are computed from those methods and compared. Our simulation study shows that methods such as SAM and the q-value do not adequately control the FDR to the level claimed under dependence conditions. On the other hand, the adaptive Benjamini-Hochberg procedure seems to be most robust while remaining conservative. Finally, the estimates of the number of true null hypotheses under various dependence conditions are variable.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>We discuss a new method for efficient guided simulation of dependent data, which satisfy imposed network constraints as conditional independence structures. Our simulation set-up allows for a structural study of the effect of dependencies on multiple testing criterions and is useful for testing a potentially new method on <it>π</it><sub>0 </sub>or FDR estimation in a dependency context.</p
Cardiovascular Response to Beta-Adrenergic Blockade or Activation in 23 Inbred Mouse Strains
We report the characterisation of 27 cardiovascular-related traits in 23 inbred mouse strains. Mice were phenotyped either in response to chronic administration of a single dose of the β-adrenergic receptor blocker atenolol or under a low and a high dose of the β-agonist isoproterenol and compared to baseline condition. The robustness of our data is supported by high trait heritabilities (typically H2>0.7) and significant correlations of trait values measured in baseline condition with independent multistrain datasets of the Mouse Phenome Database. We then focused on the drug-, dose-, and strain-specific responses to β-stimulation and β-blockade of a selection of traits including heart rate, systolic blood pressure, cardiac weight indices, ECG parameters and body weight. Because of the wealth of data accumulated, we applied integrative analyses such as comprehensive bi-clustering to investigate the structure of the response across the different phenotypes, strains and experimental conditions. Information extracted from these analyses is discussed in terms of novelty and biological implications. For example, we observe that traits related to ventricular weight in most strains respond only to the high dose of isoproterenol, while heart rate and atrial weight are already affected by the low dose. Finally, we observe little concordance between strain similarity based on the phenotypes and genotypic relatedness computed from genomic SNP profiles. This indicates that cardiovascular phenotypes are unlikely to segregate according to global phylogeny, but rather be governed by smaller, local differences in the genetic architecture of the various strains
Measurements of Flavour Dependent Fragmentation Functions in Z^0 -> qq(bar) Events
Fragmentation functions for charged particles in Z -> qq(bar) events have
been measured for bottom (b), charm (c) and light (uds) quarks as well as for
all flavours together. The results are based on data recorded between 1990 and
1995 using the OPAL detector at LEP. Event samples with different flavour
compositions were formed using reconstructed D* mesons and secondary vertices.
The \xi_p = ln(1/x_E) distributions and the position of their maxima \xi_max
are also presented separately for uds, c and b quark events. The fragmentation
function for b quarks is significantly softer than for uds quarks.Comment: 29 pages, LaTeX, 5 eps figures (and colour figs) included, submitted
to Eur. Phys. J.
A Measurement of Rb using a Double Tagging Method
The fraction of Z to bbbar events in hadronic Z decays has been measured by
the OPAL experiment using the data collected at LEP between 1992 and 1995. The
Z to bbbar decays were tagged using displaced secondary vertices, and high
momentum electrons and muons. Systematic uncertainties were reduced by
measuring the b-tagging efficiency using a double tagging technique. Efficiency
correlations between opposite hemispheres of an event are small, and are well
understood through comparisons between real and simulated data samples. A value
of Rb = 0.2178 +- 0.0011 +- 0.0013 was obtained, where the first error is
statistical and the second systematic. The uncertainty on Rc, the fraction of Z
to ccbar events in hadronic Z decays, is not included in the errors. The
dependence on Rc is Delta(Rb)/Rb = -0.056*Delta(Rc)/Rc where Delta(Rc) is the
deviation of Rc from the value 0.172 predicted by the Standard Model. The
result for Rb agrees with the value of 0.2155 +- 0.0003 predicted by the
Standard Model.Comment: 42 pages, LaTeX, 14 eps figures included, submitted to European
Physical Journal
Bose-Einstein Correlations of Three Charged Pions in Hadronic Z^0 Decays
Bose-Einstein Correlations (BEC) of three identical charged pions were
studied in 4 x 10^6 hadronic Z^0 decays recorded with the OPAL detector at LEP.
The genuine three-pion correlations, corrected for the Coulomb effect, were
separated from the known two-pion correlations by a new subtraction procedure.
A significant genuine three-pion BEC enhancement near threshold was observed
having an emitter source radius of r_3 = 0.580 +/- 0.004 (stat.) +/- 0.029
(syst.) fm and a strength of \lambda_3 = 0.504 +/- 0.010 (stat.) +/- 0.041
(syst.). The Coulomb correction was found to increase the \lambda_3 value by
\~9% and to reduce r_3 by ~6%. The measured \lambda_3 corresponds to a value of
0.707 +/- 0.014 (stat.) +/- 0.078 (syst.) when one takes into account the
three-pion sample purity. A relation between the two-pion and the three-pion
source parameters is discussed.Comment: 19 pages, LaTeX, 5 eps figures included, accepted by Eur. Phys. J.
W+W- production and triple gauge boson couplings at LEP energies up to 183 GeV
A study of W-pair production in e+e- annihilations at Lep2 is presented,
based on 877 W+W- candidates corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 57
pb-1 at sqrt(s) = 183 GeV. Assuming that the angular distributions of the
W-pair production and decay, as well as their branching fractions, are
described by the Standard Model, the W-pair production cross-section is
measured to be 15.43 +- 0.61 (stat.) +- 0.26 (syst.) pb. Assuming lepton
universality and combining with our results from lower centre-of-mass energies,
the W branching fraction to hadrons is determined to be 67.9 +- 1.2 (stat.) +-
0.5 (syst.)%. The number of W-pair candidates and the angular distributions for
each final state (qqlnu,qqqq,lnulnu) are used to determine the triple gauge
boson couplings. After combining these values with our results from lower
centre-of-mass energies we obtain D(kappa_g)=0.11+0.52-0.37,
D(g^z_1)=0.01+0.13-0.12 and lambda=-0.10+0.13-0.12, where the errors include
both statistical and systematic uncertainties and each coupling is determined
setting the other two couplings to the Standard Model value. The fraction of W
bosons produced with a longitudinal polarisation is measured to be
0.242+-0.091(stat.)+-0.023(syst.). All these measurements are consistent with
the Standard Model expectations.Comment: 48 pages, LaTeX, including 13 eps or ps figures, submitted to
European Physical Journal
Bose-Einstein Correlations in e+e- to W+W- at 172 and 183 GeV
Bose-Einstein correlations between like-charge pions are studied in hadronic
final states produced by e+e- annihilations at center-of-mass energies of 172
and 183 GeV. Three event samples are studied, each dominated by one of the
processes W+W- to qqlnu, W+W- to qqqq, or (Z/g)* to qq. After demonstrating the
existence of Bose-Einstein correlations in W decays, an attempt is made to
determine Bose-Einstein correlations for pions originating from the same W
boson and from different W bosons, as well as for pions from (Z/g)* to qq
events. The following results are obtained for the individual chaoticity
parameters lambda assuming a common source radius R: lambda_same = 0.63 +- 0.19
+- 0.14, lambda_diff = 0.22 +- 0.53 +- 0.14, lambda_Z = 0.47 +- 0.11 +- 0.08, R
= 0.92 +- 0.09 +- 0.09. In each case, the first error is statistical and the
second is systematic. At the current level of statistical precision it is not
established whether Bose-Einstein correlations, between pions from different W
bosons exist or not.Comment: 24 pages, LaTeX, including 6 eps figures, submitted to European
Physical Journal
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