Sound velocity anisotropy in cubic crystals

Simple analytical expressions may be derived for sound velocities in cubic crystals by using lattice harmonics or functions which are invariant under the crystal symmetry operations. These expressions are in good agreement with the exact results for typical crystals such as metallic iron and potassium fluoride

The Chinese New Middle Class and Green NGOs in South China: Vanguards of Guanxi (Connections)-Seeking, Laggards in Promoting Social Causes?

By examining the emerging Chinese new middle class as well as green non-governmental organisations, this study finds that while the emergence of the Chinese new middle class facilitates the growth of green NGOs, the Chinese new class is not activists or agitators working against the government. Based on in-depth interviews with leaders of green NGOs founded by the Chinese new middle class in Guangdong province, this research examines why green NGOs do not call for or advocate environmental protection It concludes that contrary to conventional wisdom, the Chinese new middle class is a vanguard of guanxi (connections)-seeking, but a laggard in promoting environmental protection and civil-society activism. Green NGOs are principally used as a tool to cultivate social capital in the form of guanxi in order to promote personal material interests

PO-1841 Infleunces of Interfractional changes of rectum/bladder on vagina motion in endometrium radiotherapy

Purpose or Objective To investigate the influence of interfractional position and volumetric changes of the bladder and rectum on vagina displacements during postoperative external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) of endometrial cancer. Materials and Methods In a single centre retrospective cohort study, measurements of interfractional displacements and volumetric changes of bladder, rectum and vagina were carried out for 28 patients that underwent EBRT for endometria tumours. Measurements were carried out on initial planning computer tomography (CT) scans and on daily cone beam computer tomography (CBCT) scans. Rectum displacements were determined by measuring anterior-posterior (AP) rectal diameters at S5 vertebrae and 4 cm inferior to S5 level. Bladder volumetric changes were determined via measure of AP bladder diameter and superiorinferior (SI) bladder diameter. Vaginal displacements were determined by measure of difference in distances from the pubic symphysis and from the S5 vertebrae at planning CT scans and daily CBCT scans. Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to analyse the significance in displacement of the rectum/bladder and vagina between planning CT scans and daily CBCT scans. Spearman’s rank-order correlation was then used to analyse significance of the association of changes in rectum and bladder with the displacement of the vagina from planning CT scans to daily CBCT scans. Results 28 initial planning CT scans and 756 CBCT scans were analysed. Significant interfractional changes in rectum position, bladder volume and vagina position were determined between planning CT scans and daily CBCT scans. No statistically significant correlations were found between interfractional changes of bladder and vaginal displacements. Weak relations were found (i) between increase in rectal AP diameter and increase in vaginal displacement from S5 (rs=0.14 p value<0.0.1) (ii) between increase in rectal AP diameter and increase in vaginal displacement from 4cm inferior to S5 (rs=0.22 p value<0.05) Greater interfractional changes in vaginal positions were found in patients who had larger interfractional variations in rectal volumes. Conclusion The findings of this study highlight that better strategies to ensure reproducible rectal volume and position in postoperative endometrium EBRT are required. Patient specific relation between interfractional changes of the rectum with vaginal displacements reinforce the importance of individualised internal target volume (ITV) margins and online daily image guided radiation therapy (IGRT). Radiotherapy and Oncology, Volume 170, S1634 - S163

Long-range surface plasmon polariton excitation at the quantum level

We provide the quantum mechanical description of the excitation of long-range surface plasmon polaritons (LRSPPs) on thin metallic strips. The excitation process consists of an attenuated-reflection setup, where efficient photon-to-LRSPP wavepacket-transfer is shown to be achievable. For calculating the coupling, we derive the first quantization of LRSPPs in the polaritonic regime. We study quantum statistics during propagation and characterize the performance of photon-to-LRSPP quantum state transfer for single-photons, photon-number states and photonic coherent superposition states.Comment: 9 pages, 6 figures, RevTeX4; Accepted versio

O assistente social como mediador cultural em escolas públicas dos bairros de Guamá e Terra firme

I Congresso Internacional América Latina e Interculturalidade: América Latina e Caribe: cenários linguístico-culturais contemporâneos, 07, 08 e 09 de novembro de 2013 - UNILAA intervenção do Assistente Social nas atividades de arte e cultura nas instituições de ensino fundamental e médio nos bairros do Guamá e da Terra Firme. Estudos anteriores constatam que estes não são apenas espaços de violência, como registra a mídia. São espaços multiculturais e agregadores de cultura antiviolência, onde os sujeitos artistas utilizam a arte como meio de transformação social, através do método fenomenológico busco contribuir para a sistematização da intervenção do assistente social na área da educação e cultura, identificando as atividades de arte e cultura nas instituições de ensino fundamental e médio, importância nas instituições em que são desenvolvidas e habilidades requeridas ao profissional de Serviço Social. A metodologia conduziu a investigação nos respectivos bairros com os alunos que estudam nas instituições de ensino fundamental e médio nos bairros, por meio de aplicação de questionários sócio­econômico­cultural que ao definir cultura identificaram as manifestações culturais que estavam ocorrendo no mês (junho/2013) em que o questionário foi aplicado, quanto ao fazer profissional do Serviço Social, a maioria dos alunos da escola pública estadual relacionam o trabalho do assistente social com a prestação de ajuda e auxílio. Os alunos da escola pública federal demonstraram maior efetividade e segurança na resposta, em consonância com o Código de Ética do Assistente Social, também foi realizada entrevista semi­estruturada com a Assistente Social das instituições de ensino. Segundo a pesquisa identifica­se a sobrecarga do profissional do serviço social com as demandas postas pelos alunos no processo de ensino e aprendizagem, de tal modo que não possa acompanhar atividades de arte e cultura desenvolvidas nas instituições de ensino, e por meio de levantamentos bibliográficos e visitas de observação ao local de pesquisa foi possível identificar as atividades, projetos de extensão de arte e cultura nas instituições de ensino