Preliminary results of the Vega 1 and Vega 2 optical investigation of aerosol in the atmosphere of Venus at 30-60 KM

Aerosol concentration profiles were measured by an aerosol spectrometer above the landing sites of the Vega 1 and Vega 2 landers. Approximately the same altitude zones were found as in previous experiments: a three-layered basic cloud cover, an intermediate zone and subcloud haze. There were significant quantitative differences in the concentrations of particles, however, and especially in the spectra of their dimensions. Nightglow was found in the troposphere of Venus at a wavelength of about 1 micron. The backscatter coefficient and the extinction coefficient change very little between 32 and 63 km. Large numbers of submicron particles apparently exist in the atmosphere above the landing sites

District Committees of Public Security in Yakut Region in Period of Revolution of 1917: Forming and Activities

The activity of district committees of public security, which began to appear after the formation of the Yakut Committee of public security on March 4, 1917, is considered. It is noted that numerous rural and volost committees were subject to the district committees. It is shown that in Yakutia of that period there were 5 districts (Yakutskiy, Vilyuyskiy, Olekminskiy, Verkhoyanskiy and Srednekolymskiy), which appeared after the release of “Regulations on the administration of the Siberian provinces” in 1822. It is reported that the main activities of the public security committees included the provision of food and the maintenance of order in the regions. It is shown that while in the majority of regions in the initial period of the revolution the representatives of the cadet party had the most power, in the Yakutsk region, the Bolsheviks and SRS had the power to control the whole region. A review of the archive materials is made. It is indicated that the greatest amount of material preserved on the activities of the Vilyuyskiy and Olekminskiy districts. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that in the modern period the history of local committees of public security is insufficiently studied, in turn, in the Soviet period, the activities of the committees have always been studied in the context of the problems of the formation of Soviet power. It is concluded that the activities of the committees had a positive impact on the economic condition of the region

Microstructural features of dentin and dental enamel after interaction with etching gel contained silver

This study is devoted to metallographic examination of the 'dentin-plumb' and 'enamel-plumb' boundaries in teeth, which have been affected by the secondary caries, after processing with a help of etching gels, one of which contained silver. The samples were cut from teeth that were extracted from patients aged 18-60 years old according to the Ethic Protocol of the Ural State Medical University. The filling was made with the adhesive systems of IV and V generations, flowable and packing composites were chosen as filling materials. The samples for metallographic study were cut perpendicularly to the main axis of a tooth. Their surfaces were mechanically abraded and etched in concentrated phosphoric acid. The observations were carried out on light and scanning electron microscopes. The metallographic examination of the 'dentin-plumb' and 'enamel-plumb' boundaries has shown that in all cases the boundaries have not visible damages. This fact is the basis for conclusion that etching gel contained silver does not decrease the cohesive strength of the boundaries.В работе металлографическими методами изучается структура границ «дентин-пломба» и «эмаль-пломба» в зубах, пораженных вторичным кариесом, после обработки протравливающими гелями, один из которых содержал серебро. Образцы для исследований изготавливали из зубов, удаленных по медицинским показаниям у пациентов от 18 до 60 лет. Пломбирование выполняли адгезивными системами IV поколения и V поколений, в качестве пломбировочного материала был выбран текучий композит и пакуемые композиты. Образцы для металлографических исследований вырезали перпендикулярно главной оси зуба, а их поверхности полировали механически и травили в концентрированной ортофосфорной кислоте. Наблюдения проводили на световых и сканирующем электронном микроскопе. Металлографические исследования структуры границ «дентин-пломба» и «эмаль-пломба» показали, во всех изученных образцах видимых нарушений сплошности границ, указывающих на снижение их когезионной прочности нет, независимо оттого, содержал ли протравливающий агент серебро или не содержал

Infra-Red Stable Supersymmetry in Chern-Simons Theories with Matter and Quenched Disorder

We study Abelian Chern-Simons field theories with matter fields and global SU(N) symmetry in the presence of random weak quenched disorder. In the absence of disorder these theories possess N=2 supersymmetric fixed points and N=1 supersymmetric fixed lines in the infra-red limit. We show that although the presence of disorder forbids any supersymmetry of the bare action, infra-red stable supersymmetric fixed points and fixed lines are realized in the disorder-averaged effective theories.Comment: 8 pp., LaTeX. Explanatory remarks and references added. Version to appear in Phys. Rev. Let

Phase Measurement for Driven Spin Oscillations in a Storage Ring

This paper reports the first simultaneous measurement of the horizontal and vertical components of the polarization vector in a storage ring under the influence of a radio frequency (rf) solenoid. The experiments were performed at the Cooler Synchrotron COSY in J\"ulich using a vector polarized, bunched $0.97\,\textrm{GeV/c}$ deuteron beam. Using the new spin feedback system, we set the initial phase difference between the solenoid field and the precession of the polarization vector to a predefined value. The feedback system was then switched off, allowing the phase difference to change over time, and the solenoid was switched on to rotate the polarization vector. We observed an oscillation of the vertical polarization component and the phase difference. The oscillations can be described using an analytical model. The results of this experiment also apply to other rf devices with horizontal magnetic fields, such as Wien filters. The precise manipulation of particle spins in storage rings is a prerequisite for measuring the electric dipole moment (EDM) of charged particles

Spin tune mapping as a novel tool to probe the spin dynamics in storage rings

Precision experiments, such as the search for electric dipole moments of charged particles using storage rings, demand for an understanding of the spin dynamics with unprecedented accuracy. The ultimate aim is to measure the electric dipole moments with a sensitivity up to 15 orders in magnitude better than the magnetic dipole moment of the stored particles. This formidable task requires an understanding of the background to the signal of the electric dipole from rotations of the spins in the spurious magnetic fields of a storage ring. One of the observables, especially sensitive to the imperfection magnetic fields in the ring is the angular orientation of stable spin axis. Up to now, the stable spin axis has never been determined experimentally, and in addition, the JEDI collaboration for the first time succeeded to quantify the background signals that stem from false rotations of the magnetic dipole moments in the horizontal and longitudinal imperfection magnetic fields of the storage ring. To this end, we developed a new method based on the spin tune response of a machine to artificially applied longitudinal magnetic fields. This novel technique, called \textit{spin tune mapping}, emerges as a very powerful tool to probe the spin dynamics in storage rings. The technique was experimentally tested in 2014 at the cooler synchrotron COSY, and for the first time, the angular orientation of the stable spin axis at two different locations in the ring has been determined to an unprecedented accuracy of better than $2.8\mu$rad.Comment: 32 pages, 15 figures, 7 table