Body mass index as a standard of living measure: a different interpretation for the case of Colombia.

We analyze the Body Mass Index (BMI) in a distinct way of its traditional use and it lets us use it as a proxy of standard of living for the case of Colombia. Our approach is focused on studying how far the people are from the normal range and not on the score of each one and this lets us to treat equally extreme cases as severe thinness and obesity. We use a probabilistic model (Ordered Probit) that evaluates the probability of being within the normal range or another level. We found that socioeconomic variables have a significant effect on the dependent variable and that there are no linear effects. Besides, people with difficulties for walking and adults have less probability of having a normal BMI.Standard of Living, Body Mass Index, Overweight

Learning the Roots of Visual Domain Shift

In this paper we focus on the spatial nature of visual domain shift, attempting to learn where domain adaptation originates in each given image of the source and target set. We borrow concepts and techniques from the CNN visualization literature, and learn domainnes maps able to localize the degree of domain specificity in images. We derive from these maps features related to different domainnes levels, and we show that by considering them as a preprocessing step for a domain adaptation algorithm, the final classification performance is strongly improved. Combined with the whole image representation, these features provide state of the art results on the Office dataset.Comment: Extended Abstrac

Electromotive force and internal resistance of an electron pump

We present a scattering theory of the electromotive force and internal resistance of an electron pump. The characterization of the device performance in terms of only two parameters requires the assumption of incoherent multiple scattering within the circuit and complete thermalization among electrons moving in a given direction. The electromotive force is shown to be of the order of the driving frequency in natural units. In an open setup, the electromotive force adds to the voltage difference between reservoirs to drive the current, both facing a contact resistance which is absent in the case of a closed circuit of uniform width

Semi-analytical approach for the Vaidya metric in double-null coordinates

We reexamine here a problem considered in detail before by Waugh and Lake: the solutions of spherically symmetric Einstein's equations with a radial flow of unpolarized radiation (the Vaidya metric) in double-null coordinates. This problem is known to be not analytically solvable, the only known explicit solutions correspond to the constant mass case (Schwarzschild solution in Kruskal-Szekeres form) and the linear and exponential mass functions originally discovered by Waugh and Lake. We present here a semi-analytical approach that can be used to discuss some qualitative and quantitative aspects of the Vaidya metric in double-null coordinates for generic mass functions. We present also a new analytical solution corresponding to $(1/v)$-mass function.Comment: 5 pages, 6 figure

Entraining and copying of temporal correlations in dissociated cultured neurons

Here we used multi-electrode array technology to examine the encoding of temporal information in dissociated hippocampal networks. We demonstrate that two connected populations of neurons can be trained to encode a defined time interval, and this memory trace persists for several hours. We also investigate whether the spontaneous firing activity of a trained network, can act as a template for copying the encoded time interval to a naive network. Such findings are of general significance for understanding fundamental principles of information storage and replicatio

Rancang Bangun Sistem Informasi Manajemen Kegiatan Ekstrakurikuler Berbasis Web (Studi Kasus : Smk Ma'arif Kalirejo Lampung Tengah)

Ekstrakurikuler dalam pendidikan dimaksudkan sebagai jawaban atas tuntutan dari kebutuhan didik, membantu mereka yang kurang memperkaya lingkungan belajar dan memberikan stimulasi kepada mereka agar lebih kreatif. Suatu Kenyataan bahwa banyak kegiatan pendidikan yang tidak selalu dapat dilakukan dalam jam-jam sekolah yang terbatas itu, sehinga terbentuklah perkumpulan anak-anak diluar jam sekolah yang dianggap dapat menampung dan memenuhi kebutuhan serta minat mereka.Pengelolaan kegiatan ekstrakurikuler pada SMK Ma'rif Kalirejo Lampung Tengah memiliki kendala, siswa yang mendaftar ekstrakurikuler mengumpulkan formulir pendaftaran sehingga menyebabkan penumpukan berkas. Penyampaian informasi ekstrakurikuler dengan cara ketua kelas menyampaikan kemasing-masing kelas, hal tersebut tentu akan menyita banyak waktu.Dari permasalahan diatas maka penulis membuat sebuah sistem informasi manajemen kegiatan ekstrakurikuler berbasis web dengan menggunakan bahasa pemrograman PHP, database MySQL dan dirancang menggunakan Unified Modeling Language (UML). Sistem ini diuji menggunakan metode pengujian ISO 9126 mengunakan aspek functionality dan usability.Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah sebuah sistem yang dapat membantu Pembina ekstrakurikuler dalam mengelola kegiatan ekstrakurikuler dan ketua ekstrakurikuler dalam mengelola informasi kegiatan ekstrakurikuler secara mudah

Enhancement of the advanced Fenton process (Fe0/H2O2) by ultrasound for the mineralization of phenol

In this study, a successful mineralization of phenol was achieved by means of coupling zero-valent iron (ZVI) particles, hydrogen peroxide and a short input of ultrasonic irradiation. This short sono-advanced Fenton process (AFP) provided a better performance of ZVI in a subsequent silent degradation stage, which involves neither extra cost of energy nor additional oxidant. The short input of ultrasound (US) irradiation enhanced the activity of the Fe0/H2O2 system in terms of the total organic carbon (TOC) removal. Then, the TOC mineralization continued during the silent stage, even after the total consumption of hydrogen peroxide, reaching values of ca. 90% TOC conversions over 24 h. This remarkable activity is attributed to the capacity of the ZVI/iron oxide composite formed during the degradation for the generation of oxidizing radical species and to the formation of another reactive oxidant species, such as the ferryl ion. The modification of the initial conditions of the sono-AFP system such as the ultrasonic irradiation time and the hydrogen peroxide dosage, showed significant variations in terms of TOC mineralization for the ongoing silent degradation stage. An appropriate selection of operation conditions will lead to an economical and highly efficient technology with eventual large-scale commercial applications for the degradation organic pollutants in aqueous effluents

El transporte continuado

En el contrato de transporte continuado, el porteador se obliga frente al cargador a realizar una serie de prestaciones de transporte, durante un periodo de tiempo determinado o indefinido, a cambio de un precio. La Ley del Contrato de Transporte Terrestre de Mercancías de 2009, además de ofrecer una definición de esta modalidad contractual (art. 8), dedica varios preceptos a regular ciertos aspectos de su régimen jurídico, como son la formalización (art. 16), el pago del precio (art. 39.3) y la extinción (art. 43).A contract of continual carriage of goods is a contract in which the carrier agrees with the sender to perform several transports of goods during a limited or unlimited period of time, for an agreed sum of money. The new spanish law on the contract of land transport contains a definition of this contract (art. 8), and also some rules concerning its form (art. 16), the payment of the price to the carrier (art. 39.3) and the end of the contract (art. 43).© Marcial Pons Librero S.L

The proof of the carrier’s wilful misconduct in the case of lost cargo

La mayoría de regulaciones del transporte prevén que el porteador pierda el beneficio de limitación cuantitativa de responsabilidad cuando los daños a la mercancía resulten de una actuación dolosa o con un grado de culpa equivalente. Sin embargo, para el demandante puede resultar muy difícil o prácticamente imposible probar que existió dicho comportamiento, sobre todo cuando las mercancías se han extraviado o han sido robadas. Con el fin de aligerar la carga de la prueba, los tribunales pueden llegar a admitir que ha existido dolo o culpa equivalen te basándose en determinados indicios verosímiles. El presente articulo se dedica precisamente a analizar los indicios que reciben más atención por la jurisprudencia española, como la falta de explicaciones sobre la desaparición de la carga, la existencia de defectos estructurales en la empresa del porteador, o la falta de cooperación procesal, entre otros.According to most transport regulations, the carrier is deprived of the right to limit the amount of his liability if damage to the cargo results from intention oran equivalent degree of fault. However, the burden of proof placed on the claimant can be nearly a «probatio diabolica», especially when the cargo gets lost. In arder to ease this heavy burden, courts usually accept that circumstantial evidence may be sufficient for a finding of willful misconduct. This paper focuses on sorne of the circumstances which are more frequently considered in Spanish case law, such as the lack of explanation, the carrier's inadequate organizational structure or the failure to comply with the procedural cooperation duty, among others.El presente trabajo se ha realizado en el marco del proyecto de investigación coordinado «La eficiencia del transporte como objetivo de la actuación de los poderes públicos: competencia, liberalización y responsabilidad» (Ref. DER2012-37543-C03-01), financiado por el Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (investigadora responsable: M.ª V. Petit Lavall)