The effects of distribution channels on the selling prices of hotels in time of crisis

Distribution channels play significant role for hotels. Direct and indirect selling options of hotel rooms have been increased especially with the help of new technologies, i.e. hotel’s own web sites and online booking sites. Although these options emerged as tools for diversifying the distribution channels, vast number of hotels -mostly resort hotels- is still heavily dependent upon international tour operators when selling their products. On the other hand, hotel sector is so vulnerable against crises. Economic, political or any other crisis can affect hotels very badly and so it is critical to have the right balance of distribution channel to avoid the adverse impacts of a crisis. In this study, it is aimed to search the impacts of a general crisis on the selling prices of hotels which have different weights of distribution channels. The study was done in Turkey where various crises occurred in 2015 and 2016 which had great negative impacts on Turkish tourism and led enormous occupancy rate and selling price reductions. 112 upscale resort hotel in Antalya, which is the most popular tourism destination of Turkey, joined to the research. According to the results, hotels with high dependency to international tour operators are more forced to reduce their room prices in crisis time compared to the ones which use their own web sites more. It was also found that the decline in room prices is limited for hotels which are working with national tour operators and travel agencies in crisis time.No sponso

Impacts of operational management proficiency levels of hotels on operational and marketing related decisions in time of crisis

In this study, it is firstly aimed to develop a Hotel Operation Management Proficiency Scale and then to search if there are any differences between the decisions of hotels related to marketing and operation in time of crisis according to their proficiency levels. Data was collected from hotel managers of 112 hotels in Antalya region and quantitative research method was used to test the hypotheses. Findings show that as the operational management proficiency increases, hotels become more active in marketing, such as searching new market and developing new products in crisis time. Moreover, these hotels are not tending to decrease the quality level of their operations as it is seen in hotels with low level operation management proficiency, such as decreasing service quality, qualification of staff, and diversification of food and beverages.No sponso

The effect of different bacteria biofotmulation applications on plant growth, yield and enzyme levels in garlic cultivation

Bu çalışmada; yabani ve kültür bitkilerinin toprak altı veya toprak üstü aksamlarından daha önce yürütülen bazı çalışmalarda izole edilerek tanılanan, toplam 1248 bakteri izolatı içerisinden seçilen Agrobacterium sp., Bacillus sp., Pantoea sp. ve Pseudomonas sp.’e ait toplam 19 adet bakteri izolatı kullanılarak 3 farklı bakteri biyoformülasyonu (F1, F2 ve F3) hazırlanmıştır. Bu biyoformülasyonlar içerisine daldırılan sarımsak (Allium sativum L.) dişleri saksılara ekilerek uygulamaların bitki boyu, klorofil düzeyi ve bazı enzim (katalaz, peroksidaz, polifenol oksidaz ve superoksit dismutaz) aktiviteleri üzerine etkileri saptanmıştır. Tüm bakteri formülasyonu uygulamalarının kontrole göre sarımsakta bitki gelişiminde önemli katkılar sağladığı ve bitki enzim düzeylerinde de önemli değişikliklere sebep olduğu görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak; test edilen 3 bakteri biyoformülasyonu içerisinde özellikle B2 formülasyonunun hem bitki gelişim parametreleri hem de bitkideki enzim düzeyleri bakımından yapılan değerlendirmede sarımsak tarımında mikrobiyal gübre olarak kullanılabileceği düşünülmektedir.In this study, we have prepared 3 different bacteria bioformulation (F1, F2 and F3) by using a total 19 bacteria isolates belonging to Agrobacterium sp., Bacillus sp., Pantoea sp.and Pseudomonas sp. chosen and identidfied 1248 bacteria isolate from underground or above – ground parts of the wild and cultivated plants in several studies conducted previously. Cloves of garlic (Allium sativum L.) that had been submerged into these bioformulations were potted and had been determined their effects on plant height, chlorophyll level and some enzyme (catalase, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase and superoxide dismutase) activities. It has been found out that all bacteria formulation treatments made important contributions to the plant growth of garlic compared to the control, and caused important changes in the plant enzyme levels. As a result, it is thought that B2 formulation, among the three bacteria bioformulations tested, could be used a microbial fertilizer in garlic agriculture due to its plant growth parameters and enzyme levels in plant

COVID-19 in pediatric nephrology centers in Turkey

Background/aim: There is limited data on COVID-19 disease in children with kidney disease. We aimed to investigate the characteristics and prognosis of COVID-19 in pediatric nephrology patients in Turkey. Materials and methods: This was a national, multicenter, retrospective cohort study based on an online survey evaluating the data between 11th March 2020 and 11th March 2021 as an initial step of a detailed pediatric nephrology COVID-19 registry. Results: Two hundred and three patients (89 girls and 114 boys) were diagnosed with COVID-19. One-third of these patients (36.9%) were between 10–15 years old. Half of the patients were on kidney replacement therapy: kidney transplant (KTx) recipients (n = 56, 27.5%), patients receiving chronic hemodialysis (n = 33, 16.3%) and those on peritoneal dialysis (PD) (n = 18, 8.9%). Fifty-four (26.6%) children were asymptomatic. Eighty-two (40.3%) patients were hospitalized and 23 (28%) needed intensive care unit admission. Fifty-five percent of the patients were not treated, while the remaining was given favipiravir (20.7%), steroid (16.3%), and hydroxychloroquine (11.3%). Acute kidney injury developed in 19.5% of hospitalized patients. Five (2.4%) had MIS-C. Eighty-three percent of the patients were discharged without any apparent sequelae, while 7 (3.4%) died. One hundred and eight health care staff were infected during the study period. Conclusion: COVID-19 was most commonly seen in patients who underwent KTx and received HD. The combined immunosuppressive therapy and frequent exposure to the hospital setting may increase these patients’ susceptibility. Staff infections before vaccination era were alarming, various precautions should be taken for infection control, particularly optimal vaccination coverage

Sivil toplum kuruluşlarının faaliyet alanlarına göre çalışanlarının kariyer değerleri ve bir araştırma

Günümüzde Sivil Toplum Kuruluşlarının dünyada ve Türkiye’de üstlendiği rolün giderek genişlediği ve öneminin arttığı görülmektedir. Sivil toplum alanı, günümüzde devletten bağımsız bir özellik göstermektedir. Bunun yanı sıra sivil toplum kuruluşlarının oluşturduğu alan, devlet, kamu ve özel sektörden sonra üçüncü sektör olarak tanımlanmaktadır.Sivil toplum alanının öneminin artması ve üçüncü bir sektör olarak görülmesi ile birlikte bireylerin sivil toplum kuruluşlarında kariyer yapma eğiliminde oldukları gözlemlenmiştir. Bu çalışmanın ama sivil toplum alanında çalışan bireylerin hangi kariyer değerlerine sahip oldukları ve bu kariyer değerlerinin faaliyet alanlarına göre farklılık gösterip göstermediğinin araştırılmasıdır.Araştırma sonuçları demografik özellikler ve faaliyet alanlarına göre analiz edilmiştir. STK alanında çalışan bireylerin en belirgin kariyer değerini ortak olduğu, STK çalışanlarının faaliyet alanı fark etmeksizin fayda sağlamak, dünyayı değiştirmek ve geliştirmek, sorunlara çözüm üretmek amacıyla kariyer değerleri oluşturdukları ortaya konmuştur.--------------------It is seen that the role of non-governmental organizations in the world and in Turkey is expanding and increasing in importance. The area of civil society is today independent of the state. In addition, the field of non-governmental organizations is defined as the third sector after the state, public and private sectors.It has been observed that individuals tend to pursue careers in non-governmental organizations as the area of civil society has increased in importance and is seen as a third sector. The aim of this study is to investigate what career values the individuals working in the field of civil society have and whether these career values differ according to their field of activity.The results of the research were analyzed according to demographic characteristics and areas of activity. It has been revealed that the individuals working in the field of NGO share the most significant career value, and that NGO employees create career values in order to benefit, change and develop the world and produce solutions to problems regardless of their field of activity

The effects of distribution channels on the selling prices of hotels in time of crisis

International Conference on Tourism Marketing and Management (19. : 2017 : Kyoto, Japan)No sponso

The effects of distribution channels on the selling prices of hotels in time of crisis

International Conference on Tourism Marketing and Management (19. : 2017 : Kyoto, Japan)No sponso

Impacts of operational management proficiency levels of hotels on operational and marketing related decisions in time of crisis

In this study, it is firstly aimed to develop a Hotel Operation Management Proficiency Scale and then to search if there are any differences between the decisions of hotels related to marketing and operation in time of crisis according to their proficiency levels. Data was collected from hotel managers of 112 hotels in Antalya region and quantitative research method was used to test the hypotheses. Findings show that as the operational management proficiency increases, hotels become more active in marketing, such as searching new market and developing new products in crisis time. Moreover, these hotels are not tending to decrease the quality level of their operations as it is seen in hotels with low level operation management proficiency, such as decreasing service quality, qualification of staff, and diversification of food and beverages.No sponso

Otel yöneticilerinin 2016 Türkiye turizm krizine ilişkin öngörüleri ve kriz yönetim uygulamaları

2016 yılında Türkiye’de yaşanan turizm krizi özellikle Rusya pazarı odaklı hizmet sunan otel işletmelerini etkilemiş ve otel yöneticilerini krizden sağ kurtulmaya yönelik çözüm yolları aramaya itmiştir. Otel yöneticileri düşen doluluk oranlarını makul düzeylere taşıyabilmek ve işletme faaliyetlerini olağan şekilde sürdürebilmek adına bir takım önlemler almışlardır. Bu çalışmada, son yıllarda Türkiye’nin karşılaştığı en şiddetli turizm krizi süresince otel işletmelerinin uyguladığı kriz yönetimi uygulamalarını ortaya koymak amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla Antalya’da faaliyet gösteren 112 otel yöneticisine ulaşılarak yöneticilerin kriz ortamında işletmelerinin kriz durumundan etkilenmesini önlemek amacıyla uyguladıkları kriz yönetimi uygulamaları içerik analizi metoduyla incelenmiştir. Çalışmanın bulgularına göre krize hazırlık olarak otel işletmeleri tarafından alınan önlemlerde en çok “Pazarlama” çalışmaları (%54,8) yapılmakta, bunu sırasıyla “İnsan Kaynakları” (%18,9), “Maliyet” (%14,2), “Kalite” (%7,4) ve “Müşteri”ye (%4,7) yönelik uygulamalar takip etmektedir.In 2016, the tourism crisis realized in Turkey has had an impact upon hotel businesses, rendering notably Russian market-oriented service and obliged managers of the hotels to seek solutions to survive in the crisis. Hotel managers have taken a number of measures in an effort to increase the occupancy rates to reasonable levels and maintain their operating activities in the usual way. The aim of this study is to reveal the crisis management implementations of hotel managers during the most severe tourism crisis that Turkey faced for the last two decades. To that end, crisis management implementations of 112 hotel managers in Antalya, which were supposed to prevent hotels from adverse impacts of crisis, were examined by content analysis method. According to the findings of the study, implementations of “Marketing” (54.8%) are the most extensive measures taken by hotel enterprises in preparation for crisis followed by “Human Resource” (18.9%), “Cost” (14.2%), “Quality”, (7.4%), and “Customer” (4.7%).No sponso