The effects of massive graviton on the equilibrium between the black hole and radiation gas in an isolated box

It is well known that the black hole can has temperature and radiate the particles with black body spectrum, i.e. Hawking radiation. Therefore, if the black hole is surrounded by an isolated box, there is a thermal equilibrium between the black hole and radiation gas. A simple case considering the thermal equilibrium between the Schwarzschild black hole and radiation gas in an isolated box has been well investigated previously in detail, i.e. taking the conservation of energy and principle of maximal entropy for the isolated system into account. In this paper, following the above spirit, the effects of massive graviton on the thermal equilibrium will be investigated. For the gravity with massive graviton, we will use the de Rham-Gabadadze-Tolley (dRGT) massive gravity which has been proven to be ghost free. Because the graviton mass depends on two parameters in the dRGT massive gravity, here we just investigate two simple cases related to the two parameters, respectively. Our results show that in the first case the massive graviton can suppress or increase the condensation of black hole in the radiation gas although the $T-E$ diagram is similar like the Schwarzschild black hole case. For the second case, a new $T-E$ diagram has been obtained. Moreover, an interesting and important prediction is that the condensation of black hole just increases from the zero radius of horizon in this case, which is very different from the Schwarzschild black hole case.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figure

Noncommutative chaotic inflation and WMAP three year results

Noncommutative inflation is based upon the consideration of some effects of the space-time uncertainty principle motivated by ideas from string/M theory. The CMB anisotropies may carry a signature of this very early Universe correction from the space-time uncertainty principle and can be used to place constraints on the parameters of the noncommutative inflation model. In this paper we analyze the noncommutative chaotic inflation model by means of the WMAP three year results. We show that the noncommutative chaotic inflation model can produce a large negative running of spectral index within a reasonable range of $e$-folding number $N$, provided that the value of $p$ in the potential $V(\phi)\propto \phi^p$ is enhanced roughly to $p\sim 12-18$. Applying a likelihood analysis to the WMAP results, we find the best-fit values of parameters for the noncommutative chaotic inflation model. In addition, this model predicts a rather big gravitational wave which may be tested by the upcoming experiments.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figures;accepted for publication in Phys. Lett.

A human functional protein interaction network and its application to cancer data analysis

A high-quality human functional protein interaction network is constructed. Its utility is demonstrated in the identification of cancer candidate genes

Checkerboard charge density wave and pseudogap in high-TcT_{c} cuprates

We consider the scenario where a 4-lattice constant, rotationally symmetric charge density wave (CDW) is present in the underdoped cuprates. We prove a theorem that puts strong constraint on the possible form factor of such a CDW. We demonstrate, within mean-field theory, that a particular form factor within the allowed class describes the angle-resolved photoemission and scan tunneling spectroscopy well. We conjecture that the ``large pseudogap'' in cuprates is the consequence of this type of charge density wave.Comment: We add a new section II on the symmetry property of the checkerboard CD

Constraints on Holographic Dark Energy from Latest Supernovae, Galaxy Clustering, and Cosmic Microwave Background Anisotropy Observations

The holographic dark energy model is proposed by Li as an attempt for probing the nature of dark energy within the framework of quantum gravity. The main characteristic of holographic dark energy is governed by a numerical parameter $c$ in the model. The parameter $c$ can only be determined by observations. Thus, in order to characterize the evolving feature of dark energy and to predict the fate of the universe, it is of extraordinary importance to constrain the parameter $c$ by using the currently available observational data. In this paper, we derive constraints on the holographic dark energy model from the latest observational data including the gold sample of 182 Type Ia supernovae (SNIa), the shift parameter of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) given by the three-year {\it Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe} ({\it WMAP}) observations, and the baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) measurement from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). The joint analysis gives the fit results in 1-$\sigma$: $c=0.91^{+0.26}_{-0.18}$ and $\Omega_{\rm m0}=0.29\pm 0.03$. That is to say, though the possibility of $c<1$ is more favored, the possibility of $c>1$ can not be excluded in one-sigma error range, which is somewhat different from the result derived from previous investigations using earlier data. So, according to the new data, the evidence for the quintom feature in the holographic dark energy model is not as strong as before.Comment: 22 pages, 8 figures; accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.

Electrocardiogram Baseline Wander Suppression Based on the Combination of Morphological and Wavelet Transformation Based Filtering

One of the major noise components in electrocardiogram (ECG) is the baseline wander (BW). Effective methods for suppressing BW include the wavelet-based (WT) and the mathematical morphological filtering-based (MMF)algorithms. However, the T waveform distortions introduced by the WTand the rectangular/trapezoidal distortions introduced by MMF degrade the quality of the output signal. Hence, in this study, we introduce a method by combining the MMF and WTto overcome the shortcomings of both existing methods. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, artificial ECG signals containing a clinicalBW are used for numerical simulation, and we also create a realistic model of baseline wander to compare the proposed method with other state-of-the-art methods commonly used in the literature. /e results show that the BW suppression effect of the proposed method is better than that of the others. Also, the new method is capable of preserving the outline of the BW and avoiding waveform distortions caused by the morphology filter, thereby obtaining an enhanced quality of ECG