Studies on the Spatial Distribution of Aphis-eating Ladybirds in Soybean Fields

- Seven-spot ladybird (Coccinella septempunctata Linnaeus), Akebia leaflike moth (Adonia variegate goeze), Ash bark beetle (Leis axyridis Pallas) and bifid tongued bees (Propylaea japonica Thunberg) are principal predators of soybean aphids (Aphis glycineOriginating text in Chinese.Citation: Wang, Xiaoqi, Ding, Xiuyun, Huang, Feng. (1991). Studies on the Spatial Distribution of Aphis-eating Ladybirds in Soybean Fields. Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University, 22(1), 13-16

High-Dimensional Quantum Key Distribution based on Multicore Fiber using Silicon Photonic Integrated Circuits

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) provides an efficient means to exchange information in an unconditionally secure way. Historically, QKD protocols have been based on binary signal formats, such as two polarisation states, and the transmitted information efficiency of the quantum key is intrinsically limited to 1 bit/photon. Here we propose and experimentally demonstrate, for the first time, a high-dimensional QKD protocol based on space division multiplexing in multicore fiber using silicon photonic integrated lightwave circuits. We successfully realized three mutually unbiased bases in a four-dimensional Hilbert space, and achieved low and stable quantum bit error rate well below both coherent attack and individual attack limits. Compared to previous demonstrations, the use of a multicore fiber in our protocol provides a much more efficient way to create high-dimensional quantum states, and enables breaking the information efficiency limit of traditional QKD protocols. In addition, the silicon photonic circuits used in our work integrate variable optical attenuators, highly efficient multicore fiber couplers, and Mach-Zehnder interferometers, enabling manipulating high-dimensional quantum states in a compact and stable means. Our demonstration pave the way to utilize state-of-the-art multicore fibers for long distance high-dimensional QKD, and boost silicon photonics for high information efficiency quantum communications.Comment: Please see the complementary work arXiv:1610.01682 (2016

A Review on Multi-Agent Technology in Micro-Grid Control

Micro-Grid (MG) integrates renewable generation, storage devices and controllable generations, it provides efficent utilization of clean energy while keeping stable external characteristics. Capability of continuous power supply, high scalability and flexible operation modes can satifiy the current demand of joint operation of renewable generation and Macro-Grid, and will provide a solid foundation for smart grid technology in the future. Thus, MG is an excellent integration of renewable energy utilization with a bright future, Multi-Agent System (MAS) is a new hierarchical control platform and can completely cover all the devices within a MG, its flexible control modes meet the needs of various operations of MG, and the capability of distributed computing supports intelligent functions of MG in the future. Therefore, developing premium functions for MAS in MG control will promote the development of both MG and Smart Grid technologies. This paper reviews the current applications of MAS technology for MG both in basic and advanced control demands. For basic demands concerning safe operations for MG, functions of MAS are available, but a further improvement of performance is essential for future researches to increase penetration of MAS in MG control; For advanced demands, MAS should increase calculation speed to meet the complex need of MG. In the last part, the future focuses are also depicted

Evaluation of installation timing of initial ground support for large-span tunnel in hard rock

In conventional drill and blast tunnelling, initial ground support is placed immediately after the current round is shot before excavation of the next round (i.e. one-round installation method). When tunnelling in hard rock, one-round installation of initial ground support conservatively ensures tunnel integrity, but meanwhile brings up other problems such as over-break at tunnel face, slow excavation rate and so forth. In this study, a large-span tunnel in Class III hard rock was monitored by a network of sensors to investigate tunnel internal forces in three construction scenarios where initial ground supports were placed in different timing and sequence: (1) initial ground support installed immediately after current round (2) support installed after two rounds (3) support installed after three consecutive rounds. The collected field measurements together with construction records were evaluated from three aspects: structural stability, constructability and cost-effectiveness. Results show that the installation of initial ground support after two rounds generally led to the most regular and minimum tunnel internal forces of the three construction scenarios, whilst it managed to minimize under & over-break and allow more space for construction convenience. In the meanwhile, this installation sequence significantly accelerated tunnel advance rate at lower material cost

Phytoplankton blooms with sequential cyclonic and anticyclonic eddies during the passage of tropical cyclone Hibaru

Two phytoplankton blooms triggered by the tropical cyclone (TC) Hibaru were studied in the Bay of Bengal. Hibaru occurred in southeastern Sri Lanka in January 2005. After the passage of Hibaru, two strong phytoplankton blooms appeared in the study area (3.5° N-6° N, 83.5° E-88.5° E). In this study, the dynamic mechanisms were investigated with remote sensing, multisource reanalysis products and Argo float data. The first bloom on January 19 to 20 was induced by upwelling with the upper cyclonic eddy and mixed entrainment caused by Hibaru, where the maximum chlorophyll a (Chl-a) concentration was 0.235 mg•m–3. Sea surface cooling and heavy rainfall also occurred. The second bloom from January 27 to 28 was triggered by the interaction of the upper cyclonic eddy and submarine anticyclonic eddy after the passage of Hibaru, where the maximum of the Chl-a concentration was 0.124 mg•m–3. With the submarine anticyclonic eddy and weakened barrier layer thickness (BLT), the subsurface horizontally converged chlorophyll and nutrient water was uplifted with upwelling. This study contributes to the assessment of the ecological impact of ocean eddies during the passage of TC in the Bay of Bengal

Perpendicular magnetic anisotropy of full-Heusler films in Pt/Co2FeAl/MgO trilayers

We report on perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) in a Pt/Co2FeAl/MgO sandwiched structure with a thick Co2FeAl layer of 2-2.5 nm. The PMA is thermally stable that the anisotropy energy density Ku is 1.3{\times}106 erg/cm3 for the structure with 2 nm Co2FeAl after annealing at 350 oC. The thicknesses of Co2FeAl and MgO layers greatly affect the PMA. Our results provide an effective way to realize relative thick perpendicularly magnetized Heusler alloy films.Comment: 15 pages,6 figure

Chip-to-chip quantum teleportation and multi-photon entanglement in silicon

Exploiting semiconductor fabrication techniques, natural carriers of quantum information such as atoms, electrons, and photons can be embedded in scalable integrated devices. Integrated optics provides a versatile platform for large-scale quantum information processing and transceiving with photons. Scaling up the integrated devices for quantum applications requires highperformance single-photon generation and photonic qubit-qubit entangling operations. However, previous demonstrations report major challenges in producing multiple bright, pure and identical single-photons, and entangling multiple photonic qubits with high fidelity. Another notable challenge is to noiselessly interface multiphoton sources and multiqubit operators in a single device. Here we demonstrate on-chip genuine multipartite entanglement and quantum teleportation in silicon, by coherently controlling an integrated network of microresonator nonlinear single-photon sources and linear-optic multiqubit entangling circuits. The microresonators are engineered to locally enhance the nonlinearity, producing multiple frequencyuncorrelated and indistinguishable single-photons, without requiring any spectral filtering. The multiqubit states are processed in a programmable linear circuit facilitating Bell-projection and fusion operation in a measurement-based manner. We benchmark key functionalities, such as intra-/inter-chip teleportation of quantum states, and generation of four-photon Greenberger-HorneZeilinger entangled states. The production, control, and transceiving of states are all achieved in micrometer-scale silicon chips, fabricated by complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor processes. Our work lays the groundwork for scalable on-chip multiphoton technologies for quantum computing and communication

Genome modeling system: A knowledge management platform for genomics

In this work, we present the Genome Modeling System (GMS), an analysis information management system capable of executing automated genome analysis pipelines at a massive scale. The GMS framework provides detailed tracking of samples and data coupled with reliable and repeatable analysis pipelines. The GMS also serves as a platform for bioinformatics development, allowing a large team to collaborate on data analysis, or an individual researcher to leverage the work of others effectively within its data management system. Rather than separating ad-hoc analysis from rigorous, reproducible pipelines, the GMS promotes systematic integration between the two. As a demonstration of the GMS, we performed an integrated analysis of whole genome, exome and transcriptome sequencing data from a breast cancer cell line (HCC1395) and matched lymphoblastoid line (HCC1395BL). These data are available for users to test the software, complete tutorials and develop novel GMS pipeline configurations. The GMS is available at https://github.com/genome/gms

Somatic mutations affect key pathways in lung adenocarcinoma

Determining the genetic basis of cancer requires comprehensive analyses of large collections of histopathologically well- classified primary tumours. Here we report the results of a collaborative study to discover somatic mutations in 188 human lung adenocarcinomas. DNA sequencing of 623 genes with known or potential relationships to cancer revealed more than 1,000 somatic mutations across the samples. Our analysis identified 26 genes that are mutated at significantly high frequencies and thus are probably involved in carcinogenesis. The frequently mutated genes include tyrosine kinases, among them the EGFR homologue ERBB4; multiple ephrin receptor genes, notably EPHA3; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor KDR; and NTRK genes. These data provide evidence of somatic mutations in primary lung adenocarcinoma for several tumour suppressor genes involved in other cancers - including NF1, APC, RB1 and ATM - and for sequence changes in PTPRD as well as the frequently deleted gene LRP1B. The observed mutational profiles correlate with clinical features, smoking status and DNA repair defects. These results are reinforced by data integration including single nucleotide polymorphism array and gene expression array. Our findings shed further light on several important signalling pathways involved in lung adenocarcinoma, and suggest new molecular targets for treatment.National Human Genome Research InstituteWe thank A. Lash, M.F. Zakowski, M.G. Kris and V. Rusch for intellectual contributions, and many members of the Baylor Human Genome Sequencing Center, the Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, and the Genome Center at Washington University for support. This work was funded by grants from the National Human Genome Research Institute to E.S.L., R.A.G. and R.K.W.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/62885/1/nature07423.pd