On the linearly polarized gluon distributions in the color dipole model

We show that the linearly polarized gluon distributions appear in the color dipole model as we derive the full cross sections of the DIS dijet production and the Drell-Yan dijet ($\gamma^*$ jet correlation) process. Together with the normal Weizs\"acker-Williams gluon distribution, the linearly polarized one will contribute to the DIS dijet production cross section as the coefficient of the $\cos(2 \Delta \phi)$ term in the correlation limit. We also derive the exact results for the cross section of the Drell-Yan dijet process, and find that the linearly polarized dipole gluon distribution which is identical to the normal dipole gluon distribution involves in the cross section. The results obtained in this paper agree with the previous transverse momentum dependent factorization study. We further derive the small-$x$ evolution of these linearly polarized gluon distributions and find that they rise as $x$ gets small at high energy.Comment: 10 pages,v2 with minor revisio

The Influence of Chan Buddhism Spirit on Chinese Music DE L’INFLUENCE DU ZEN SUR LA MUSIQUE CHINOISE

Chan Buddhism is an influential school of Buddhism in China; the philosophic thinking it advocates has influenced Chinese music and culture in many ways, which results in four orientations of the development of Chinese music: firstly, Chinese music put emphasis on its artistic conception; secondly, Chinese music emphasizes spiritual charm; thirdly, Chinese music values self-intuition; fourthly, Chinese music values natural beauty. Key words: Chan Buddhism, Chinese music, Influence Résumé: Le Zen est un secte bouddhiste influent en Chine. Sa pensée philosophique a exercé des influences diverses sur la culture musicale chinoise, qui s’expriment dans les quatre domaines ci-dessous. Sous l’influence de la pensée de Zen, la musique chinoise insiste sur la beauté d’imagination, la beauté de spiritualité, la beauté de perception et la beauté naturelle. Mots-Clés: Zen, musique chinoise, influenc

Empirical metallicity-dependent calibrations of effective temperature against colours for dwarfs and giants based on interferometric data

We present empirical metallicity-dependent calibrations of effective temperature against colours for dwarfs of luminosity classes IV and V and for giants of luminosity classes II and III, based on a collection from the literature of about two hundred nearby stars with direct effective temperature measurements of better than 2.5 per cent. The calibrations are valid for an effective temperature range 3,100 - 10,000 K for dwarfs of spectral types M5 to A0 and 3,100 - 5,700 K for giants of spectral types K5 to G5. A total of twenty-one colours for dwarfs and eighteen colours for giants of bands of four photometric systems, i.e. the Johnson ($UBVR_{\rm J}I_{\rm J}JHK$), the Cousins ($R_{\rm C}I_{\rm C}$), the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS, $gr$) and the Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS, $JHK_{\rm s}$), have been calibrated. Restricted by the metallicity range of the current sample, the calibrations are mainly applicable for disk stars ([Fe/H]$\,\gtrsim\,-1.0$). The normalized percentage residuals of the calibrations are typically 2.0 and 1.5 per cent for dwarfs and giants, respectively. Some systematic discrepancies at various levels are found between the current scales and those available in the literature (e.g. those based on the infrared flux method IRFM or spectroscopy). Based on the current calibrations, we have re-determined the colours of the Sun. We have also investigated the systematic errors in effective temperatures yielded by the current on-going large scale low- to intermediate-resolution stellar spectroscopic surveys. We show that the calibration of colour ($g-K_{\rm s}$) presented in the current work provides an invaluable tool for the estimation of stellar effective temperature for those on-going or upcoming surveys.Comment: 28 pages, 19 figures, 8 tables, accepted for publication in MNRA

Impact of high-frequency pumping on anomalous finite-size effects in three-dimensional topological insulators

Lowering of the thickness of a thin-film three-dimensional topological insulator down to a few nanometers results in the gap opening in the spectrum of topologically protected two-dimensional surface states. This phenomenon, which is referred to as the anomalous finite-size effect, originates from hybridization between the states propagating along the opposite boundaries. In this work, we consider a bismuth-based topological insulator and show how the coupling to an intense high-frequency linearly polarized pumping can further be used to manipulate the value of a gap. We address this effect within recently proposed Brillouin-Wigner perturbation theory that allows us to map a time-dependent problem into a stationary one. Our analysis reveals that both the gap and the components of the group velocity of the surface states can be tuned in a controllable fashion by adjusting the intensity of the driving field within an experimentally accessible range and demonstrate the effect of light-induced band inversion in the spectrum of the surface states for high enough values of the pump.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figure