38 research outputs found
Effectiveness and Safety of Oral Anticoagulants among NVAF Patients with Obesity: Insights from the ARISTOPHANES Study
This ARISTOPHANES analysis examined stroke/systemic embolism (SE) and major bleeding (MB) among a subgroup of nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) patients with obesity prescribed warfarin or non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) in order to inform clinical decision making. A retrospective observational study was conducted among NVAF patients who were obese and initiated apixaban, dabigatran, rivaroxaban, or warfarin from 1 January 2013â30 September 2015, with data pooled from CMS Medicare and four US commercial claims databases. Propensity score matching was completed between NOACs and against warfarin in each database, and the results were pooled. Cox models were used to evaluate the risks of stroke/SE and MB. A total of 88,461 patients with obesity were included in the study. Apixaban and rivaroxaban were associated with a lower risk of stroke/SE vs. warfarin (HR: 0.63, 95% CI: 0.49â0.82 and HR: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.72â0.98). Dabigatran was associated with a similar risk of stroke/SE compared to warfarin. Compared with warfarin, apixaban and dabigatran had a lower risk of MB (HR: 0.54, 95% CI: 0.49â0.61 and HR: 0.75, 95% CI: 0.63â0.91). Rivaroxaban was associated with a similar risk of MB compared to warfarin. In this high-risk population with obesity, NOACs had a varying risk of stroke/SE and MB vs. warfarin. View Full-Tex
Real-world comparison of major bleeding risk among non-valvular atrial fibrillation patients initiated on apixaban, dabigatran, rivaroxaban, or warfarin:A propensity score matched analysis
SummaryIn addition to warfarin, there are four non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) available for stroke prevention in non valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). There are limited data on the comparative risks of major bleeding among newly anticoagulated NVAF patients who initiate warfarin, apixaban, dabigatran, or rivaroxaban, when used in âreal worldâ clinical practice. The study used the Truven MarketScanÂź Commercial & Medicare supplemental US claims database. NVAF patients aged â„18 years newly prescribed an oral anticoagulant 01JAN2013â31DEC2014, with a â„1-year baseline period, were included (study period: 01JAN2012â31DEC2014). Major bleeding was defined as bleeding requiring hospitalisation. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to balance age, sex, region, baseline comorbidities, and comedications. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the PSM hazard ratio (HR) of major bleeding. Among 45,361 newly anticoagulated NVAF patients, 15,461 (34.1 %) initiated warfarin, 7,438 (16.4 %) initiated apixaban, 17,801 (39.2 %) initiated rivaroxaban, and 4,661 (10.3 %) initiated dabigatran. Compared to matched warfarin initiators, apixaban (HR: 0.53; 95 % CI: 0.39â0.71) and dabigatran (HR: 0.69; 95 % CI: 0.50â0.96) initiators had a significantly lower risk of major bleeding. Patients initiating rivaroxaban (HR: 0.98; 95 % CI: 0.83â1.17) had a non-significant difference in major bleeding risk compared to matched warfarin patients. When comparisons were made between NOACs, matched rivaroxaban patients had a significantly higher risk of major bleeding (HR: 1.82; 95 % CI: 1.36â2.43) compared to apixaban patients. The differences for apixaban-dabigatran and dabigatran-rivaroxaban matched cohorts were not statistically significant. Among newly anticoagulated NVAF patients in the real-world setting, apixaban and dabigatran initiation was associated with significantly lower risk of major bleeding compared to warfarin initiation. When compared to apixaban, rivaroxaban initiation was associated with significantly higher risk of major bleeding.Note: The review process for this paper was fully handled by Christian Weber, Editor in Chief.Supplementary Material to this article is available online at www.thrombosis-online.com.</jats:p
Aligned MetalâOrganic Framework Nanoplates in MixedâMatrix Membranes for Highly Selective CO2/CH4 Separation
Abstract 2D metalâorganic frameworks are attractive filler in mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) due to the high aspect ratio and contact opportunity at the fillerâpolymer interface. However, their alignment in polymer matrix remains a challenge to fully play their functions. Herein, to our best knowledge, for the first time, the facile synthesis of KAUSTâ7âNH2 (KAUST, King University of Science and Technology) nanoplate is reported with 1D channels with an aspect ratio greater than 30. The nanoplates are incorporated and aligned in the 4,4âČâ(hexafluoroisopropylidene) diphthalic anhydrideâ2,4âdiaminomesitylene (6FDAâDAM) polymer matrix under the shear force with a filler loading up to 50 wt%. The large difference in adsorption abilities between CO2 and CH4 from the (001)âoriented KAUSTâ7âNH2 nanoplateâbased MMMs and the favorable interaction at the fillerâpolymer interface contribute to the excellent CO2/CH4 separation performance. The resultant membranes show CO2/CH4 selectivity with 66.2% enhancement (surpassed 2008 Robeson upper bound), antiplasticization up to 17 bar, and longâterm stability up to 240 h indicating its good potential for natural gas treatment
Major bleeding risk among nonâvalvular atrial fibrillation patients initiated on apixaban, dabigatran, rivaroxaban or warfarin: a ârealâworldâ observational study in the United States
BACKGROUND: Limited data are available about the real-world safety of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs).OBJECTIVES: To compare the major bleeding risk among newly anticoagulated non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) patients initiating apixaban, warfarin, dabigatran or rivaroxaban in the United States.METHODS AND RESULTS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted to compare the major bleeding risk among newly anticoagulated NVAF patients initiating warfarin, apixaban, dabigatran or rivaroxaban. The study used the Truven MarketScan(Âź) Commercial & Medicare supplemental US database from 1 January 2013 through 31 December 2013. Major bleeding was defined as bleeding requiring hospitalisation. Cox model estimated hazard ratios (HRs) of major bleeding were adjusted for age, gender, baseline comorbidities and co-medications. Among 29 338 newly anticoagulated NVAF patients, 2402 (8.19%) were on apixaban; 4173 (14.22%) on dabigatran; 10 050 (34.26%) on rivaroxaban; and 12 713 (43.33%) on warfarin. After adjusting for baseline characteristics, initiation on warfarin [adjusted HR (aHR): 1.93, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.12-3.33, P=.018] or rivaroxaban (aHR: 2.19, 95% CI: 1.26-3.79, P=.005) had significantly greater risk of major bleeding vs apixaban. Dabigatran initiation (aHR: 1.71, 95% CI: 0.94-3.10, P=.079) had a non-significant major bleeding risk vs apixaban. When compared with warfarin, apixaban (aHR: 0.52, 95% CI: 0.30-0.89, P=.018) had significantly lower major bleeding risk. Patients initiating rivaroxaban (aHR: 1.13, 95% CI: 0.91-1.41, P=.262) or dabigatran (aHR: 0.88, 95% CI: 0.64-1.21, P=.446) had a non-significant major bleeding risk vs warfarin.CONCLUSION: Among newly anticoagulated NVAF patients in the real-world setting, initiation with rivaroxaban or warfarin was associated with a significantly greater risk of major bleeding compared with initiation on apixaban. When compared with warfarin, initiation with apixaban was associated with significantly lower risk of major bleeding. Additional observational studies are required to confirm these findings.</p
Major bleeding risk among non-valvular atrial fibrillation patients initiated on apixaban, dabigatran, rivaroxaban or warfarin:a "real-world" observational study in the United States
BACKGROUND: Limited data are available about the realâworld safety of nonâvitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs). OBJECTIVES: To compare the major bleeding risk among newly anticoagulated nonâvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) patients initiating apixaban, warfarin, dabigatran or rivaroxaban in the United States. METHODS AND RESULTS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted to compare the major bleeding risk among newly anticoagulated NVAF patients initiating warfarin, apixaban, dabigatran or rivaroxaban. The study used the Truven MarketScan(Âź) Commercial & Medicare supplemental US database from 1 January 2013 through 31 December 2013. Major bleeding was defined as bleeding requiring hospitalisation. Cox model estimated hazard ratios (HRs) of major bleeding were adjusted for age, gender, baseline comorbidities and coâmedications. Among 29Â 338 newly anticoagulated NVAF patients, 2402 (8.19%) were on apixaban; 4173 (14.22%) on dabigatran; 10Â 050 (34.26%) on rivaroxaban; and 12Â 713 (43.33%) on warfarin. After adjusting for baseline characteristics, initiation on warfarin [adjusted HR (aHR): 1.93, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.12â3.33, P=.018] or rivaroxaban (aHR: 2.19, 95% CI: 1.26â3.79, P=.005) had significantly greater risk of major bleeding vs apixaban. Dabigatran initiation (aHR: 1.71, 95% CI: 0.94â3.10, P=.079) had a nonâsignificant major bleeding risk vs apixaban. When compared with warfarin, apixaban (aHR: 0.52, 95% CI: 0.30â0.89, P=.018) had significantly lower major bleeding risk. Patients initiating rivaroxaban (aHR: 1.13, 95% CI: 0.91â1.41, P=.262) or dabigatran (aHR: 0.88, 95% CI: 0.64â1.21, P=.446) had a nonâsignificant major bleeding risk vs warfarin. CONCLUSION: Among newly anticoagulated NVAF patients in the realâworld setting, initiation with rivaroxaban or warfarin was associated with a significantly greater risk of major bleeding compared with initiation on apixaban. When compared with warfarin, initiation with apixaban was associated with significantly lower risk of major bleeding. Additional observational studies are required to confirm these findings
Discontinuation risk comparison among âreal-worldâ newly anticoagulated atrial fibrillation patients: Apixaban, warfarin, dabigatran, or rivaroxaban
<div><p>Discontinuation of oral anticoagulants may expose non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) patients to an increased risk of stroke. This study describes the real-world discontinuation rates and compared the risk of drug discontinuation among NVAF patients initiating apixaban, warfarin, dabigatran, or rivaroxaban. This retrospective cohort study evaluated newly-anticoagulated NVAF patients in the MarketScan<sup>Âź</sup> data population from 01/01/2012 through 12/31/2014. Discontinuation was defined as a lack of subsequent prescription of the index drug within 30 days after the last supply day of the last prescription. A Cox model was used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) of discontinuation, adjusted for age, sex, and comorbidities. Among 45,361 eligible NVAF patients, 15,461 (34.1%) initiated warfarin; 7,438 (16.4%) apixaban; 4,661 (10.3%) dabigatran; and 17,801 (39.2%) initiated rivaroxaban treatment. Compared to warfarin, patients who initiated dabigatran (adjusted HR [aHR]: 0.84, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.80â0.87, P<0.001), rivaroxaban (aHR: 0.70, 95% CI: 0.68â0.73, P<0.001), or apixaban (aHR: 0.57, 95% CI: 0.55â0.60, P<0.001) were 16%, 30%, and 43% less likely to discontinue treatment, respectively. When compared to apixaban, patients who initiated dabigatran (aHR: 1.46, 95% CI: 1.38â1.54, P<0.001) or rivaroxaban (aHR: 1.23, 95% CI: 1.17â1.28, P<0.001) were more likely to discontinue treatment. Among newly-anticoagulated NVAF patients in the real-world setting, initiation on rivaroxaban, dabigatran, or apixaban was associated with a significantly lower risk of discontinuation compared to warfarin. When compared to apixaban, patients who initiated treatment with warfarin, dabigatran, or rivaroxaban were more likely to discontinue treatment.</p></div
Different miRNA expression profiles between human breast cancer turmors and serum
A bunch of miRNAs have been demonstrated to be aberrantly expressed in cancer tumor tissue and serum. The miRNA signatures identified from the serum samples could serve as potential noninvasive diagnostic markers for breast cancer. The role of the miRNAs in cancerigenesis is unclear. In this study, we generated the expression profiles of miRNAs from the paired breast cancer tumors, normal, tissue, and serum samples from eight patients using small RNA-sequencing. Serum samples from eight healthy individuals were used as normal controls. We identified total 174 significantly differentially expressed miRNAs between tumors and the normal tissues, and 109 miRNAs between serum from patients and serum from healthy individuals. There are only 10 common miRNAs. This suggests that only a small portion of tumor miRNAs are released into serum selectively. Interestingly, the expression change pattern of 28 miRNAs is opposite between breast cancer tumors and serum. Functional analysis shows that the differentially expressed miRNAs and their target genes form a complex interaction network affecting many biological processes and involving in many types of cancer such as prostate cancer, basal cell carcinoma, acute myeloid leukemia, and more