Establishment and practical application of the electron transfer model in lithium-air batteries

The electron transfer failure model is proposed to analyze the effects of discharge products on the air electrode performance in lithium-air batteries. In order to understand how the air electrode products are obtained during the discharge cycle, three kinds of carbon-based air electrode are constructed, and discharged products are analyzed by powder XRD and SEM techniques. It can be concluded that the air electrode is covered with the products, indicating that the discharge products closely depended on the surface states of carbon materials. EIS studies show that the value of Rct value changes due to the deposition of discharge products on carbon materials. Finally, all present studies show that the air electrode failure is mainly caused by the difficulty of charge transfer.</p

Emetine inhibits Zika and Ebola virus infections through two molecular mechanisms: inhibiting viral replication and decreasing viral entry

The re-emergence of Zika virus (ZIKV) and Ebola virus (EBOV) poses serious and continued threats to the global public health. Effective therapeutics for these maladies is an unmet need. Here, we show that emetine, an anti-protozoal agent, potently inhibits ZIKV and EBOV infection with a low nanomolar half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC ) in vitro and potent activity in vivo. Two mechanisms of action for emetine are identified: the inhibition of ZIKV NS5 polymerase activity and disruption of lysosomal function. Emetine also inhibits EBOV entry. Cephaeline, a desmethyl analog of emetine, which may be better tolerated in patients than emetine, exhibits a similar efficacy against both ZIKV and EBOV infections. Hence, emetine and cephaeline offer pharmaceutical therapies against both ZIKV and EBOV infection

Erratum to: Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (3rd edition) (Autophagy, 12, 1, 1-222, 10.1080/15548627.2015.1100356

non present