Two low-power optical data transmission ASICs for the ATLAS Liquid Argon Calorimeter readout upgrade

A serializer ASIC and a VCSEL driver ASIC are needed for the front-end optical data transmission in the ATLAS liquid argon calorimeter readout phase-I upgrade. The baseline ASICs are the serializer LOCx2 and the VCSEL driver LOCld, designed in a 0.25-{\mu}m Silicon-on-Sapphire (SoS) CMOS technology and consumed 843 mW and 320 mW, respectively. Based on a 130-nm CMOS technology, we design two pin-to-pin-compatible backup ASICs, LOCx2-130 and LOCld-130. Their power consumptions are much lower then of their counterparts, whereas other performance, such as the latency, data rate, and radiation tolerance, meet the phase-I upgrade requirements. We present the design of LOCx2-130 and LOCld-130. The test results of LOCx2-130 are also presented.Comment: 12 pages, 12 figure

Optical Data Transmission ASICs for the High-Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) Experiments

We present the design and test results of two optical data transmission ASICs for the High-Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) experiments. These ASICs include a two-channel serializer (LOCs2) and a single-channel Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser (VCSEL) driver (LOCld1V2). Both ASICs are fabricated in a commercial 0.25-um Silicon-on-Sapphire (SoS) CMOS technology and operate at a data rate up to 8 Gbps per channel. The power consumption of LOCs2 and LOCld1V2 are 1.25 W and 0.27 W at 8-Gbps data rate, respectively. LOCld1V2 has been verified meeting the radiation-tolerance requirements for HL-LHC experiments.Comment: 9 pages, 12 figure

The 120Gbps VCSEL Array Based Optical Transmitter (ATx) Development for the High-Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) Experiments

The integration of a Verticle Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser (VCSEL) array and a driving Application-Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) in a custom optical array transmitter module (ATx) for operation in the detector front-end is constructed, assembled and tested. The ATx provides 12 parallel channels with each channel operating at 10 Gbps. The optical transmitter eye diagram passes the eye mask and the bit-error rate (BER) less than 1E-12 transmission is achieved at 10 Gbps/ch. The overall insertion loss including the radiation induced attenuation is sufficiently low to meet the proposed link budget requirement.Comment: 10 pages, 9 figure

Identification of microturbine model for long-term dynamic analysis of distribution networks

As one of the most successfully commercialized distributed energy resources, the long-term effects of microturbines (MTs) on the distribution network has not been fully investigated due to the complex thermo-fluid-mechanical energy conversion processes. This is further complicated by the fact that the parameter and internal data of MTs are not always available to the electric utility, due to different ownerships and confidentiality concerns. To address this issue, a general modeling approach for MTs is proposed in this paper, which allows for the long-term simulation of the distribution network with multiple MTs. First, the feasibility of deriving a simplified MT model for long-term dynamic analysis of the distribution network is discussed, based on the physical understanding of dynamic processes that occurred within MTs. Then a three-stage identification method is developed in order to obtain a piecewise MT model and predict electro-mechanical system behaviors with saturation. Next, assisted with the electric power flow calculation tool, a fast simulation methodology is proposed to evaluate the long-term impact of multiple MTs on the distribution network. Finally, the model is verified by using Capstone C30 microturbine experiments, and further applied to the dynamic simulation of a modified IEEE 37-node test feeder with promising results

GPX8 regulates pan-apoptosis in gliomas to promote microglial migration and mediate immunotherapy responses

IntroductionGliomas have emerged as the predominant brain tumor type in recent decades, yet the exploration of non-apoptotic cell death regulated by the pan-optosome complex, known as pan-apoptosis, remains largely unexplored in this context. This study aims to illuminate the molecular properties of pan-apoptosis-related genes in glioma patients, classifying them and developing a signature using machine learning techniques.MethodsThe prognostic significance, mutation features, immunological characteristics, and pharmaceutical prediction performance of this signature were comprehensively investigated. Furthermore, GPX8, a gene of interest, was extensively examined for its prognostic value, immunological characteristics, medication prediction performance, and immunotherapy prediction potential. ResultsExperimental techniques such as CCK-8, Transwell, and EdU investigations revealed that GPX8 acts as a tumor accelerator in gliomas. At the single-cell RNA sequencing level, GPX8 appeared to facilitate cell contact between tumor cells and macrophages, potentially enhancing microglial migration. ConclusionsThe incorporation of pan-apoptosis-related features shows promising potential for clinical applications in predicting tumor progression and advancing immunotherapeutic strategies. However, further in vitro and in vivo investigations are necessary to validate the tumorigenic and immunogenic processes associated with GPX8 in gliomas

Serum uric acid a depression biomarker.

OBJECTIVE:We aimed to investigate the difference in serum uric acid(SUA)levels between subtypes of depression and normal population, and whether SUA can be used to identify bipolar disorder depressive episode and major depressive disorder and predict the length of hospital stay. METHODS:1543 depression patients and 1515 healthy controls were obtained according to the entry and exclusion criteria from one mental health center of a tertiary hospital in southwestern China. The diagnosis and classification of depression was in accordance with ICD-10. The SUA value was derived from fasting plasma samples analysis. The level of SUA of all the participants was quantified using Roche cobas8000-c702-MSB automatic biochemical analyzer. Data were analyzed by SPSS18.0 statistical software package. RESULTS:Overall, the level of SUA in patients with depression was lower than that in normal control. Specifically, males' SUA levels were in the interval of [240, 323.3) and [323.3, 406.6), and women were in the [160, 233.3] levels. The SUA level of bipolar disorder depressive episode was higher compared to major depressive disorder level. Interestingly, male patients who were hospitalized for two weeks had higher SUA than those who were hospitalized for three weeks or four weeks. CONCLUSIONS:Our results suggest that the length of hospital stay may be associated with SUA, and when it is difficult to make a differential diagnosis of bipolar disorder depressive episode and major depressive disorder, the level of SUA may be considered. The adjustment of SUA as a method for treating depression needs to be carefully assessed

Design and Experimental Study of a Large Spherical Tank Wall Paint Removal Robot

In order to solve the problem of polishing three-layer high strength epoxy paint on the surface of large spherical tank pressure vessels, a large spherical tank wall paint removal robot is designed, and the experimental research on it is carried out. The robot mainly includes a wall climbing and adsorption system and an adaptive grinding system. By studying the permanent magnet of Halbach array, the relation between the adsorption force of the permanent magnet of track structure and the working clearance is simulated and analyzed, and a wall climbing adsorption system with stable adsorption and superior obstacle climbing performance is developed. According to the grinding condition of the curved wall, an adaptive grinding system based on current feedback is designed, and various steel wire grinding rollers are developed by analyzing the mechanical model of the steel wire grinding roller. The robot is tested, and the polishing effect is good. The robot can polish the epoxy paint and show the metallic luster, and its efficiency is 3-10 times that of the manual grinding. A new polishing tool is proposed for ball tank high-strength epoxy paint polishing, which ensures the polishing quality and improves the polishing efficiency

A composition of bractatin and neobractatin from the fruits of Garcinia bracteata induces apoptosis in throat cancer through the endoplasmic reticulum stress, mitochondrial apoptotic and Akt pathways

Throat cancer is a common head and neck malignant tumor with a relatively high mortality rate. Prenylxanthone, is the major bioactive substance isolated from the genus Garcinia with anti-cancer effects. However, the anti-tumor activity of Prenylxanthone and its molecular mechanism in throat cancer have not been reported yet. In this study, a composition of two prenylxanthones (CPX) from the fruits of Garcinia bracteata was obtained to evaluate its chemical composition, anti-throat cancer ability and underlying mechanism in vitro and in vivo. The data revealed that CPX, composed of bractatin and neobractatin, dose-dependently suppressed throat cancer cells Hep-2 and FaDu proliferation and apoptosis, and inhibited xenografts growth in nude mice without significant toxicity. Furthermore, CPX exerted anti-throat cancer effect by inducing apoptosis through endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, mitochondrial apoptotic and Akt pathways. All results suggested that CPX could be considered as a potential chemotherapeutic drug for throat cancer