Construção de campos eletromagnéticos nulos

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Departamento de Matemática, 2014.Neste trabalho, é explorada uma solução particular das equações de Maxwell, como vista em [6] e[11], de tal sorte que os campos solução são campos nulos. Isto é feito utilizando três métodos distintos. A solução em questão é tal que as curvas integrais dos campos elétrico e magnético obtidos são círculos de Hopf, ou seja, círculos obtidos pela fibração de Hopf. Ainda que a solução explorada seja particular, os métodos apresentados permitem obter uma infinidade de campos eletromagnéticos nulos. Um desses métodos está relacionado às superfícies mínimas e pode prover uma relação entre a geometria de uma superfície mínima com os campos eletromagnéticos nulos a ela associados. __________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACTIn this work, a particular solution to the Maxwell's equations is discussed, as seen on [6] and [11],in such a way that the electromagnetic fields obtained as solutions are null vector fields. This is done by using three different methods. The aforementioned solution is such that the field lines of the electricand magnetic fields obtained are Hopf circles, that is, circles obtained using Hopf's fibration. Althoughthe solution exhibited is a particular one, the presented methods allow to generate an infinity of null electromagnetic fields. One of this methods is related to minimal surfaces and may provide a relation between the geometry of a minimal surface and the null electromagnetic fields attached to it

W-congruences for minimal surfaces in Nil3 and Laguerre minimal surfaces in space forms

Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Departamento de Matemática, 2018.Obtemos uma transformação de Bäcklund entre superfı́cies mı́nimas em Nil3 aplicando uma correspondência de Calabi entre uma superfı́cie CMC-1/2 em L3 e sua superfı́cie associada em Nil3 e fazendo uma transformação de Ribaucour na superfı́cie original relacionamos a geometria dessas duas superfı em L3. Em seguida, ́cies usando a segunda forma de Abresch- Rosenberg. Adiante, estendemos a definição de superfı́cies mı́nimas de Laguerre a formas espaciais enquanto relacionamos estas às superfı́cies mı́nimas em L3 e mı́nimas em outros espaços produto M2(k) × R e M2 (k) × R1 , com k = ±1.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) e Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq).We obtain a Bäcklund transformation between minimal surfaces in Nil3 by performing a Calabi correspondence between a CMC-1/2 surface in L3 and its associated minimal surface in Nil3 and sau Rrfiabcaeusc ouusrin tgra tnhsef oArmbr eosnc hth-eR oosreigninbaelr gs usrefaccoen din foLr3m .. NFeuxrtth, ewrem orerela,t ew eth ee xgteenodm ethtrey doef fbinoittiho nth oefs ea Laguerre minimal surface to space forms whilst relating these to the minimal immersions on L3 and minimal surfaces on other product spaces M2(k) × R and M2 (k) × R1 , with k = ±1

Competência em informação para iniciação científica : uma abordagem pedagógica em ambiente virtual de aprendizagem

Monografia (graduação)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Departamento de Ciência da Computação, 2015.Este trabalho desenvolve uma metodologia de ensino à distância com uso em competência em informação para iniciação científica e proporciona o ferramental adequado para a produção científica na universidade, possibilitando aos estudantes se tornarem pesquisadores críticos e multiplicadores dessas competências. ____________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACTThis paper is to deploy a distance education methodology with information literacy to scienti_c initiation optics and develops the needed skills for scienti_c production in the University, granting the students the role of critic researchers and spreaders of those informational skills

Measurement of differential cross sections for top quark pair production using the lepton plus jets final state in proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV

National Science Foundation (U.S.

Identification of heavy-flavour jets with the CMS detector in pp collisions at 13 TeV

Many measurements and searches for physics beyond the standard model at the LHC rely on the efficient identification of heavy-flavour jets, i.e. jets originating from bottom or charm quarks. In this paper, the discriminating variables and the algorithms used for heavy-flavour jet identification during the first years of operation of the CMS experiment in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, are presented. Heavy-flavour jet identification algorithms have been improved compared to those used previously at centre-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV. For jets with transverse momenta in the range expected in simulated $\mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}}$ events, these new developments result in an efficiency of 68% for the correct identification of a b jet for a probability of 1% of misidentifying a light-flavour jet. The improvement in relative efficiency at this misidentification probability is about 15%, compared to previous CMS algorithms. In addition, for the first time algorithms have been developed to identify jets containing two b hadrons in Lorentz-boosted event topologies, as well as to tag c jets. The large data sample recorded in 2016 at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV has also allowed the development of new methods to measure the efficiency and misidentification probability of heavy-flavour jet identification algorithms. The heavy-flavour jet identification efficiency is measured with a precision of a few per cent at moderate jet transverse momenta (between 30 and 300 GeV) and about 5% at the highest jet transverse momenta (between 500 and 1000 GeV)

Particle-flow reconstruction and global event description with the CMS detector

The CMS apparatus was identified, a few years before the start of the LHC operation at CERN, to feature properties well suited to particle-flow (PF) reconstruction: a highly-segmented tracker, a fine-grained electromagnetic calorimeter, a hermetic hadron calorimeter, a strong magnetic field, and an excellent muon spectrometer. A fully-fledged PF reconstruction algorithm tuned to the CMS detector was therefore developed and has been consistently used in physics analyses for the first time at a hadron collider. For each collision, the comprehensive list of final-state particles identified and reconstructed by the algorithm provides a global event description that leads to unprecedented CMS performance for jet and hadronic tau decay reconstruction, missing transverse momentum determination, and electron and muon identification. This approach also allows particles from pileup interactions to be identified and enables efficient pileup mitigation methods. The data collected by CMS at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV show excellent agreement with the simulation and confirm the superior PF performance at least up to an average of 20 pileup interactions

Search for heavy resonances decaying to a top quark and a bottom quark in the lepton+jets final state in proton–proton collisions at 13 TeV

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Evidence for the Higgs boson decay to a bottom quark–antiquark pair

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Pseudorapidity and transverse momentum dependence of flow harmonics in pPb and PbPb collisions

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Global disparities in surgeons’ workloads, academic engagement and rest periods: the on-calL shIft fOr geNEral SurgeonS (LIONESS) study

: The workload of general surgeons is multifaceted, encompassing not only surgical procedures but also a myriad of other responsibilities. From April to May 2023, we conducted a CHERRIES-compliant internet-based survey analyzing clinical practice, academic engagement, and post-on-call rest. The questionnaire featured six sections with 35 questions. Statistical analysis used Chi-square tests, ANOVA, and logistic regression (SPSS® v. 28). The survey received a total of 1.046 responses (65.4%). Over 78.0% of responders came from Europe, 65.1% came from a general surgery unit; 92.8% of European and 87.5% of North American respondents were involved in research, compared to 71.7% in Africa. Europe led in publishing research studies (6.6 ± 8.6 yearly). Teaching involvement was high in North America (100%) and Africa (91.7%). Surgeons reported an average of 6.7 ± 4.9 on-call shifts per month, with European and North American surgeons experiencing 6.5 ± 4.9 and 7.8 ± 4.1 on-calls monthly, respectively. African surgeons had the highest on-call frequency (8.7 ± 6.1). Post-on-call, only 35.1% of respondents received a day off. Europeans were most likely (40%) to have a day off, while African surgeons were least likely (6.7%). On the adjusted multivariable analysis HDI (Human Development Index) (aOR 1.993) hospital capacity > 400 beds (aOR 2.423), working in a specialty surgery unit (aOR 2.087), and making the on-call in-house (aOR 5.446), significantly predicted the likelihood of having a day off after an on-call shift. Our study revealed critical insights into the disparities in workload, access to research, and professional opportunities for surgeons across different continents, underscored by the HDI