A aposentadoria na perspectiva ocupacional: continuidade do curso de vida e novas possibilidades

O aumento da expectativa de vida contribui para que aposentados estejam envolvidos em ocupações por muitos anos, o que demanda a criação de novos arranjos ocupacionais para suas vidas. Percebe-se uma ausência, na literatura, da compreensão do modo como o sujeito acessa as ocupações que constituirão a nova rotina. Esse trabalho objetiva compreender, a partir da percepção do aposentado, como as ocupações realizadas no percurso de vida participam da reorganização ocupacional na aposentadoria. Trata-se de estudo qualitativo, fundamentado teoricamente no paradigma de desenvolvimento ao longo de toda a vida (life span). Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas semi-estruturadas com 30 idosos. Os resultados foram analisados por análise de conteúdo e foram apresentados em quatro categorias: ao longo de toda a vida; antigos significados, novas ocupações; agora eu posso; outras possibilidades: a descoberta. Os resultados revelaram que ocupações realizadas no percurso de vida são referências importantes na aposentadoria, ressaltando a relevância da história ocupacional. Identificou-se também a prática de novas ocupações, comprovando que esse pode ser um momento de novas possibilidades. Este estudo não incluiu diferenciações quanto ao gênero e classe social e tais aspectos poderão ser abordados em estudos futuros.Increased life expectancy contributes to retirees being involved in occupations for many years, which requires the creation of new occupational arrangements for their lives. In literature there is a lack of information on how subjects access the occupations that will be part of their new routine. This work aims to understand how the occupations performed in the retirees’ life course participate in occupational reorganization in retirement, from their perspective. This is a qualitative study, theoretically based on the life span development paradigm. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 30 older adults. The results were analyzed by content analysis and presented in four categories: Throughout life; Old meanings, new occupations; Now I can; Other possibilities: the discovery. The results showed that occupations carried on throughout the life course are important references in retirement, highlighting the importance of occupational history. Practicing new occupations was also identified, proving that this time can be a time of new possibilities. This study, being restricted to one country, does not include differences according to gender or social class, and such aspects may be addressed in future studies

Retirement from the occupational perspective: continuity of the life course and new possibilities.

Increased life expectancy contributes to retirees being involved in occupations for many years, which requires the creation of new occupational arrangements for their lives. In literature there is a lack of information on how subjects access the occupations that will be part of their new routine. This work aims to understand how the occupations performed in the retirees’ life course participate in occupational reorganization in retirement, from their perspective. This is a qualitative study, theoretically based on the life span development paradigm. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 30 older adults. The results were analyzed by content analysis and presented in four categories: Throughout life; Old meanings, new occupations; Now I can; Other possibilities: the discovery. The results showed that occupations carried on throughout the life course are important references in retirement, highlighting the importance of occupational history. Practicing new occupations was also identified, proving that this time can be a time of new possibilities. This study, being restricted to one country, does not include differences according to gender or social class, and such aspects may be addressed in future studies.O aumento da expectativa de vida contribui para que aposentados estejam envolvidos em ocupações por muitos anos, o que demanda a criação de novos arranjos ocupacionais para suas vidas. Percebe-se uma ausência, na literatura, da compreensão do modo como o sujeito acessa as ocupações que constituirão a nova rotina. Esse trabalho objetiva compreender, a partir da percepção do aposentado, como as ocupações realizadas no percurso de vida participam da reorganização ocupacional na aposentadoria. Trata-se de estudo qualitativo, fundamentado teoricamente no paradigma de desenvolvimento ao longo de toda a vida (life span). Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas semi-estruturadas com 30 idosos. Os resultados foram analisados por análise de conteúdo e foram apresentados em quatro categorias: ao longo de toda a vida; antigos significados, novas ocupações; agora eu posso; outras possibilidades: a descoberta. Os resultados revelaram que ocupações realizadas no percurso de vida são referências importantes na aposentadoria, ressaltando a relevância da história ocupacional. Identificou-se também a prática de novas ocupações, comprovando que esse pode ser um momento de novas possibilidades. Este estudo não incluiu diferenciações quanto ao gênero e classe social e tais aspectos poderão ser abordados em estudos futuros

É chegada "a ocasião da negrada bumbar": comemorações da abolição, música e política na Primeira República "É chegada a ocasião da negrada bumbar": commemoration of the slavery abolition,culture and politics in the Brazilian First Republic

Este artigo tem como objetivo problematizar a questão da participação política dos negros na Primeira República a partir das comemorações do 21º aniversário da abolição realizadas na capital federal, em 1909. Personagens de destaque neste evento, o político Monteiro Lopes e o músico Eduardo das Neves são tomados como exemplos emblemáticos de formas de expressão e participação experimentadas naquele período.<br>This article aims to discuss the issue of mobilization and political participation of black people in I republic from the celebrations of the 21st anniversary of the abolition held in the federal capital in 1909. Celebrities featured in this event, the politician Monteiro Lopes and musician Eduardo das Neves are taken as significative examples of forms of expression and participation experienced in that period

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data

NEOTROPICAL XENARTHRANS: a data set of occurrence of xenarthran species in the Neotropics

Xenarthrans—anteaters, sloths, and armadillos—have essential functions for ecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosystem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts with domestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their full distribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, 10 anteaters, and 6 sloths. Our data set includes the families Chlamyphoridae (13), Dasypodidae (7), Myrmecophagidae (3), Bradypodidae (4), and Megalonychidae (2). We have no occurrence data on Dasypus pilosus (Dasypodidae). Regarding Cyclopedidae, until recently, only one species was recognized, but new genetic studies have revealed that the group is represented by seven species. In this data paper, we compiled a total of 42,528 records of 31 species, represented by occurrence and quantitative data, totaling 24,847 unique georeferenced records. The geographic range is from the southern United States, Mexico, and Caribbean countries at the northern portion of the Neotropics, to the austral distribution in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. Regarding anteaters, Myrmecophaga tridactyla has the most records (n = 5,941), and Cyclopes sp. have the fewest (n = 240). The armadillo species with the most data is Dasypus novemcinctus (n = 11,588), and the fewest data are recorded for Calyptophractus retusus (n = 33). With regard to sloth species, Bradypus variegatus has the most records (n = 962), and Bradypus pygmaeus has the fewest (n = 12). Our main objective with Neotropical Xenarthrans is to make occurrence and quantitative data available to facilitate more ecological research, particularly if we integrate the xenarthran data with other data sets of Neotropical Series that will become available very soon (i.e., Neotropical Carnivores, Neotropical Invasive Mammals, and Neotropical Hunters and Dogs). Therefore, studies on trophic cascades, hunting pressure, habitat loss, fragmentation effects, species invasion, and climate change effects will be possible with the Neotropical Xenarthrans data set. Please cite this data paper when using its data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us of how they are using these data

NEOTROPICAL ALIEN MAMMALS: a data set of occurrence and abundance of alien mammals in the Neotropics

Biological invasion is one of the main threats to native biodiversity. For a species to become invasive, it must be voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into a nonnative habitat. Mammals were among first taxa to be introduced worldwide for game, meat, and labor, yet the number of species introduced in the Neotropics remains unknown. In this data set, we make available occurrence and abundance data on mammal species that (1) transposed a geographical barrier and (2) were voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into the Neotropics. Our data set is composed of 73,738 historical and current georeferenced records on alien mammal species of which around 96% correspond to occurrence data on 77 species belonging to eight orders and 26 families. Data cover 26 continental countries in the Neotropics, ranging from Mexico and its frontier regions (southern Florida and coastal-central Florida in the southeast United States) to Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay, and the 13 countries of Caribbean islands. Our data set also includes neotropical species (e.g., Callithrix sp., Myocastor coypus, Nasua nasua) considered alien in particular areas of Neotropics. The most numerous species in terms of records are from Bos sp. (n = 37,782), Sus scrofa (n = 6,730), and Canis familiaris (n = 10,084); 17 species were represented by only one record (e.g., Syncerus caffer, Cervus timorensis, Cervus unicolor, Canis latrans). Primates have the highest number of species in the data set (n = 20 species), partly because of uncertainties regarding taxonomic identification of the genera Callithrix, which includes the species Callithrix aurita, Callithrix flaviceps, Callithrix geoffroyi, Callithrix jacchus, Callithrix kuhlii, Callithrix penicillata, and their hybrids. This unique data set will be a valuable source of information on invasion risk assessments, biodiversity redistribution and conservation-related research. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this data paper when using the data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us on how they are using the data

Bioenergia: desenvolvimento, pesquisa e inovação

Com 27 trabalhos produzidos por pesquisadores do Instituto de Pesquisa em Bioenergia (Bioen), da Unesp, este livro oferece uma ampla visão sobre as áreas que compõem o segmento. Seu principal objetivo é contribuir para melhorar a compreensão dos vários aspectos da bioenergia, em especial no Brasil, que figura entre os países com maior nível de desenvolvimento tecnológico no setor. Os artigos abordam uma série abrangente de questões relacionadas à bioenergia, como a construção genética das plantas de cana-de-açúcar visando ao aumento de produtividade, a disseminação de sementes para estimular a propagação de espécies com potencial energético, etapas de produção de bioenergia, usos do combustível e seus efeitos nos diversos tipos de motores. Agrupados por assunto, os textos estão distribuídos em cinco partes: Biomassa para bioenergia; Produção de biocombustíveis; Utilização de bioenergia; Biorrefinaria, alcoolquímica e oleoquímica e Sustentabilidade dos biocombustíveis