'Cabernet Gernischt' is most likely to be 'Carmenère'

Using a set of 32 microsatellite markers, 'Cabernet Gernischt' has been proven to most likely be 'Carmenère', an old grape cultivar from France, and the progeny of 'Cabernet Franc' and 'Gros Cabernet' has been confirmed. In addition, six 'Cabernet Gernischt' clones with different agronomic traits were identified.

First-principles study on the effective masses of zinc-blend-derived Cu_2Zn-IV-VI_4 (IV = Sn, Ge, Si and VI = S, Se)

The electron and hole effective masses of kesterite (KS) and stannite (ST) structured Cu_2Zn-IV-VI_4 (IV = Sn, Ge, Si and VI = S, Se) semiconductors are systematically studied using first-principles calculations. We find that the electron effective masses are almost isotropic, while strong anisotropy is observed for the hole effective mass. The electron effective masses are typically much smaller than the hole effective masses for all studied compounds. The ordering of the topmost three valence bands and the corresponding hole effective masses of the KS and ST structures are different due to the different sign of the crystal-field splitting. The electron and hole effective masses of Se-based compounds are significantly smaller compared to the corresponding S-based compounds. They also decrease as the atomic number of the group IV elements (Si, Ge, Sn) increases, but the decrease is less notable than that caused by the substitution of S by Se.Comment: 14 pages, 6 figures, 2 table

Nanowires Framework Supported Porous Lotus-Carbon Anode Boosts Lithium-Ion and Sodium-Ion Batteries

The novel design of carbon materials with stable nanoarchitecture and optimized electrical properties featuring simultaneous intercalation of lithium ions (Li+) and sodium ions (Na+) is of great significance for the superb lithium–sodium storage capacities. Biomass-derived carbon materials with affluent porosity have been widely studied as anodes for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). However, it remains unexplored to further enhance the stability and utilization of the porous carbon skeleton during cycles. Here, a lotus stems derived porous carbon (LPC) with graphene quantum dots (GQDs) and intrinsic carbon nanowires framework (CNF) is successfully fabricated by a self-template method. The LPC anodes show remarkable Li+ and Na+ storage performance with ultrahigh capacity (738 mA h g−1 for LIBs and 460 mA h g−1 for SIBs at 0.2 C after 300 cycles, 1C≈372 mA h g−1) and excellent long-term stability. Structural analysis indicates that the CNFs-supported porous structure and internal GQDs with excellent electrical conductivity contribute significantly to the dominant capacitive storage mechanism in LPC. This work provides new perspectives for developing advanced carbon-based materials for multifunctional batteries with improved stability and utilization of porous carbon frameworks during cycles

Resilient routing mechanism for wireless sensor networks with deep learning link reliability prediction

Wireless sensor networks play an important role in Internet of Things systems and services but are prone and vulnerable to poor communication channel quality and network attacks. In this paper we are motivated to propose resilient routing algorithms for wireless sensor networks. The main idea is to exploit the link reliability along with other traditional routing metrics for routing algorithm design. We proposed firstly a novel deep-learning based link prediction model, which jointly exploits Weisfeiler-Lehman kernel and Dual Convolutional Neural Network (WL-DCNN) for lightweight subgraph extraction and labelling. It is leveraged to enhance self-learning ability of mining topological features with strong generality. Experimental results demonstrate that WL-DCNN outperforms all the studied 9 baseline schemes over 6 open complex networks datasets. The performance of AUC (Area Under the receiver operating characteristic Curve) is improved by 16% on average. Furthermore, we apply the WL-DCNN model in the design of resilient routing for wireless sensor networks, which can adaptively capture topological features to determine the reliability of target links, especially under the situations of routing table suffering from attack with varying degrees of damage to local link community. It is observed that, compared with other classical routing baselines, the proposed routing algorithm with link reliability prediction module can effectively improve the resilience of sensor networks while reserving high-energy-efficiency

Nanoscale Suppression of Magnetization at Atomically Assembled Manganite Interfaces

Using polarized X-rays, we compare the electronic and magnetic properties of a La(2/3)Sr(1/3)MnO(3)(LSMO)/SrTiO(3)(STO) and a modified LSMO/LaMnO(3)(LMO)/STO interface. Using the technique of X-ray resonant magnetic scattering (XRMS), we can probe the interfaces of complicated layered structures and quantitatively model depth-dependent magnetic profiles as a function of distance from the interface. Comparisons of the average electronic and magnetic properties at the interface are made independently using X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD). The XAS and the XMCD demonstrate that the electronic and magnetic structure of the LMO layer at the modified interface is qualitatively equivalent to the underlying LSMO film. From the temperature dependence of the XMCD, it is found that the near surface magnetization for both interfaces falls off faster than the bulk. For all temperatures in the range of 50K - 300K, the magnetic profiles for both systems always show a ferromagnetic component at the interface with a significantly suppressed magnetization that evolves to the bulk value over a length scale of ~1.6 - 2.4 nm. The LSMO/LMO/STO interface shows a larger ferromagnetic (FM) moment than the LSMO/STO interface, however the difference is only substantial at low temperature.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure

Interface magnetization transition via minority spin injection

The interface magnetization of n-type BaTiO3/La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 heterojunction is selectively probed by magnetic second-harmonic generation at 80 K. The injection of minority spins at the interface causes a sudden, reversible transition of the spin alignment of interfacial Mn ions from ferromagnetic to antiferromagnetic exchange coupled, while the bulk magnetization remains unchanged. We attribute the emergent interfacial antiferromagnetic interactions to weakening of the double-exchange mechanism caused by the strong Hund\u27s rule coupling between injected minority spins and local magnetic moments. The effect is robust and may serve as a viable route for electronic and spintronic applications. Published by AIP Publishing

Current-driven interface magnetic transition in complex oxide heterostructure

The interfacial spin state of n-type BaTiO3/La0.5Ca0.5MnO3/La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 heterojunction and its dependence on gate voltage is investigated with magnetic second-harmonic generation at 78 K. The injection of minority spins alters the interface magnetization of La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 from ferromagnetic to antiferromagnetic exchange coupled, while the bulk magnetization remains unchanged. The emergent interfacial antiferromagnetic interactions are attributed to modulations of the strong double-exchange interaction between conducting electron spins and local magnetic moments. The results will help promote the development of new interface-based functionalities and device concepts. (C) 2017 American Vacuum Society