Evaluating the Efficacy of Shared-use Vehicles for Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions: A U.S. Case Study of Grocery Delivery

This paper compares the CO2 emissions from the use of personal vehicles to shared-use vehicles for grocery shopping in Seattle, Washington. The research builds on existing literature by considering the importance of modeling the logistical details of routing and scheduling, and by comparing the results of an American case study to existing European case studies. We find the US and European case studies to provide consistent results, that low customer density provides greater opportunities for emissions reductions, and that logistical efficiencies can account for approximately 50% of CO2 reductions

Studies of the permanent magnet dc machine

A hybrid drive of an unmanned aerial vehicle uses two mechanically coupled drives. In one of the drives, an electrical machine is used. Its role is not only limited to a motoring operation, e.g. during achieving the flight ceiling. The electric machine changes its operation into generating after reaching the flight ceiling, this allows not only meeting current electrical energy demands but also battery recharging. This paper presents the results of laboratory tests of a BLDC machine in motoring and generating operation. Mechanical characteristics of the motor for different supply voltages and external characteristics for generator were determined. The possible energy conversion efficiencies for both motoring and generating operations were determined

The Vehicle, Spring 2005

Table of Contents The Remnants of YouKaty Dwigginspage 5 Sunrise, Early Spring, with CigaretteMario Podeschipage 6-7 I\u27m Not the Butterfly, I\u27m the KnifeAllison Staulcuppage 8 AcceptanceHeather Lucaspage 9 WordsKaty Dwigginspage 10 Thank YouA.T. Shootpage 11 72 Beats ofA.T. Shootpage 12 I Think We Hang Out Too MuchAllison Staulcuppage 13 StorageA.T. Shootpage 14 Plum PerfectKaty Dwigginspage 15 Last MinuteMeghan Moralespage 16 Last Monday\u27s SummersaultKelly Richardspage 17 A Peaceful MomentStaci Lucepage 18-19 The SaviorKaty Dwigginspage 20 IslandsDanielle Hookepage 21 My Nalgene: A SonnetJesse Wygonikpage 22 Unwanted ChildKaty Dwigginspage 23 My Pain or YoursAllison Staulcuppage 24 TimmyKelly Richardspage 25-30https://thekeep.eiu.edu/vehicle/1083/thumbnail.jp

The Vehicle, Spring 2005

Table of Contents The Remnants of YouKaty Dwigginspage 5 Sunrise, Early Spring, with CigaretteMario Podeschipage 6-7 I\u27m Not the Butterfly, I\u27m the KnifeAllison Staulcuppage 8 AcceptanceHeather Lucaspage 9 WordsKaty Dwigginspage 10 Thank YouA.T. Shootpage 11 72 Beats ofA.T. Shootpage 12 I Think We Hang Out Too MuchAllison Staulcuppage 13 StorageA.T. Shootpage 14 Plum PerfectKaty Dwigginspage 15 Last MinuteMeghan Moralespage 16 Last Monday\u27s SummersaultKelly Richardspage 17 A Peaceful MomentStaci Lucepage 18-19 The SaviorKaty Dwigginspage 20 IslandsDanielle Hookepage 21 My Nalgene: A SonnetJesse Wygonikpage 22 Unwanted ChildKaty Dwigginspage 23 My Pain or YoursAllison Staulcuppage 24 TimmyKelly Richardspage 25-30https://thekeep.eiu.edu/vehicle/1083/thumbnail.jp

Cities’ role in mitigating United States food system greenhouse gas emissions

Current trends of urbanization, population growth, and economic development have made cities a focal point for mitigating global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The substantial contribution of food consumption to climate change necessitates urban action to reduce the carbon intensity of the food system. While food system GHG mitigation strategies often focus on production, we argue that urban influence dominates this sector’s emissions and that consumers in cities must be the primary drivers of mitigation. We quantify life cycle GHG emissions of the United States food system through data collected from literature and government sources producing an estimated total of 3800 kg CO2e/capita in 2010, with cities directly influencing approximately two-thirds of food sector GHG emissions. We then assess the potential for cities to reduce emissions through selected measures; examples include up-scaling urban agriculture and home delivery of grocery options, which each may achieve emissions reductions on the order of 0.4 and ∼1% of this total, respectively. Meanwhile, changes in waste management practices and reduction of postdistribution food waste by 50% reduce total food sector emissions by 5 and 11%, respectively. Consideration of the scale of benefits achievable through policy goals can enable cities to formulate strategies that will assist in achieving deep long-term GHG emissions targets

A smart place to work? Big data systems, labour, control and modern retail stores

The modern retail store is a complex coded assemblage and data-intensive environment, its operations and management mediated by a number of interlinked big data systems. This paper draws on an ethnography of a retail store in Ireland to examine how these systems modulate the functioning of the store and working practices of employees. It was found that retail work involves a continual movement between a governance regime of control reliant on big data systems which seek to regulate and harnesses formal labour and automation into enterprise planning, and a disciplinary regime that deals with the symbolic, interactive labour that workers perform and act as a reserve mode of governmentality if control fails. This continual movement is caused by new systems of control being open to vertical and horizontal fissures. While retail functions as a coded assemblage of control, systems are too brittle to sustain the governmentality desired

Mass selection criteria for multi-task aircraft low by-pass engine

W artykule przedstawiono model masowy oraz model zużycia paliwa zespołu napędowego samolotu wielozadaniowego. Oba modele na potrzeby artykułu powiązano z parametrami termogazodynamicznymi obiegu silnika. Wprowadzono pojęcie wskaźnika jednostkowej masy silnika jako sumy masy silnika i masy paliwa odniesionych do ciągu silnika w tzw. punkcie obliczeniowym. Zbadano jaki wpływ na zmianę wskaźnika masy mają wielkości definiujące punkt obliczeniowy (wysokość lotu, prędkość lotu). Zbadano również jak na przykładzie przyjętego modelu zmienia się wskaźnik masy gdy zmienia się (na etapie projektowania)parametry obiegu silnika jak: spręż sprężarki, temperatura spalin przed turbiną, stopień podziału strumienia. Uwzględniono również wpływ długotrwałości lotu samolotu, na charakterystyki masowego modelu obliczeniowego. Ustalono, że dla tzw. misji długotrwałych minimum wskaźnika masowego znajduje się blisko tzw. sprężu ekonomicznego, a dla misji krótkotrwałych przesuwa się w kierunku sprężu optymalnego. Bardzo ważnym wnioskiem jest stwierdzenie, że najlepsze wartości parametrów termogazodynamicznych obiegu silnika mają mniejsze wartości niż te, które charakteryzują jednostkowe zużycie paliwa, co ma istotne znaczenie dla wyboru parametrów optymalnych silnika. Wskaźnik całkowitej sumarycznej masy jednostkowej silnika jest jednym z kryteriów optymalizacji parametrów obiegu silnika z punktu widzenia wykonywanej misji lotniczej.The presented model of the masses of the engine, and the fuel consumption model which are the functions of thermodynamic parameters were described in the article. In the paper specific total engine mass index was introduced. This index is equal to total engine-fuel mass divided by thrust in design point. Impact of the choice of the design point (Mach velocity and altitude H) on the total mass index of the engine and the fuel used up was presented for different airplane mission. The next problem is to find those thermodynamics parameters (compression ratio, turbine inlet total temper-ature, bypass ratio) which give minimum of total mass of engine and consumed fuel for different airplane missions. A very important parameter that plays the part in fuel consumption is airplane flight time. For long-lasting mission minimum of specific mass is occurs for compression ratio near his economic value (for specific fuel consumption). For short missions minimum of specific mass occurs for smaller compression ratio (near 20-30), but greater than for those giving maximum specific thrust. A little change in minimum value of specific mass gives a big difference in compression ratio. The most important conclusion is that the best thermodynamics parameters from minimum mass criterion are less than for minimum specific fuel consumption. Specific total engine-fuel mass is a very important figure of merit for parameters optimization at the first step of aircraft engines design