428 research outputs found
Aspisol inhibits tumor growth and induces apoptosis in breast cancer
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs inhibit cell proliferation and induce apoptosis in various cancer cell lines, which is considered to be an important mechanism for their anti-tumor activity and cancer prevention. However, the molecular mechanisms through which these compounds induce apoptosis are not well understood. Aim: to determine the effects of nonselective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor, aspisol on breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Methods: The cytotoxic activity of aspisol was evaluated by MTT assay. The apoptosis index of cells was measured by flow cytometry. Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect expressions of COX-2 and caspase-3 in MDA-MB-231 cells. The expression of bcl-2 and bax was analyzed by Western blot analysis. The content of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in MDA-MB-231 cells was estimated by ELISA. In vivo apoptosis of the tumor cells was detected by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL). Results: Our results showed that aspisol reduced viability of MDA-MB-231 cells in time- and dose- dependent fashions and induced apoptosis by increase of caspase-3 and bax expressions while decrease of COX-2 and bcl-2 expression in vitro. In addition, exposure to aspisol decreased the basal release of PGE2. In vivo, aspisol also inhibited the proliferation of breast cancer cells and induced their apoptosis. Conclusions: Our in vitro and in vivo data indicated that the antitumor effects of aspisol on breast cancer cells was probably mediated by the induction of apoptosis, and it could be linked to the downregulation of the COX-2 or bcl-2 expression and up-regulation of caspase-3 or bax expression.ΠΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΈΠ΄Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΈ Π²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π°ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ· Π²ΠΎ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΡ
, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ
ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ°. Π’Π΅ΠΌ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ Π°ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ.
Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ: ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠΈΡΡ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠ° ΡΠΈΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ³Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π·Ρ-2 (COX-2) β Π°ΡΠΏΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ»Π° β Π½Π° Π·Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈ
ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Ρ in vitro ΠΈ in vivo. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ: Π²ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ MDA-MB-231 ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ MTT-ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°.
ΠΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Π΄Π΅ΠΊΡ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ»ΠΈ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Ρ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π°ΠΌΠΈ
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ² COX-2 ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠΏΠ°Π·Ρ-3. ΠΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ bcl-2 ΠΈ bax ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½-Π±Π»ΠΎΡ-Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°. Π‘ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π³Π»Π°Π½Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°
E2
(PGE2
) Π² ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ
MDA-MB-231 ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ELISA. In vivo Π°ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ· ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈ
ΠΏΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ² ΠΠΠ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΠΎΡ-ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π·Ρ (ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ TUNEL). Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ:
ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π² Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΡ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΠΊΡΠ±Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ·Ρ Π°ΡΠΏΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ» ΡΠ³Π½Π΅ΡΠ°Π» ΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ MDA-MB-231 in vitro ΠΈ Π²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°Π»
ΠΈΡ
Π°ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ· Π½Π° ΡΠΎΠ½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠΏΠ°Π·Ρ-3 ΠΈ bax, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ COX-2 ΠΈ bcl-2. Π ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
in vivo Π°ΡΠΏΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ» ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π» ΠΏΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π·Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Ρ ΠΈ Π²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°Π» ΠΈΡ
Π°ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ·.
ΠΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ: Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ in vitro ΠΈ in vivo, ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡ ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ΅ Π°ΡΠΏΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ»Π° Π½Π° ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ°
ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Ρ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ°ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π±ΡΡΡ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½ΠΎ ΡΠΎ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ
ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ COX-2 ΠΈ bcl-2, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠΏΠ°Π·Ρ-3 ΠΈ bax
Magnetic resonance imaging of glutamate in neuroinflammation
AbstractInflammation in central nervous system (CNS) is one of the most severe diseases, and also plays an impellent role in some neurodegenerative diseases. Glutamate (Glu) has been considered relevant to the pathogenesis of neuroinflammation. In order to diagnose neuroinflammation incipiently and precisely, we review the pathobiological events in the early stages of neuroinflammation, the interactions between Glu and neuroinflammation, and two kinds of magnetic resonance techniques of imaging Glu (chemical exchange saturation transfer and magnetic resonance spectroscopy)
Kaonic hydrogen and deuterium in Hamiltonian effective field theory
The anti-kaon nucleon scattering lengths resulting from a Hamiltonian effective field theory analysis of experimental data and lattice QCD studies are presented. The same Hamiltonian is then used to compute the scattering length for the system, taking careful account of the effects of recoil on the energy at which the KNT-matrices are evaluated. These results are then used to estimate the shift and width of the 1S levels of anti-kaonic hydrogen and deuterium. The KΒ―p result is in excellent agreement with the SIDDHARTA measurement. In the KΒ―d case the imaginary part of the scattering length and consequently the width of the 1S state are considerably larger than found in earlier work. This is a consequence of the effect of recoil on the energy of the KN energy, which enhances the role of the Ξ (1405) resonance.Zhan-Wei Liu, Jia-Jun Wu, Derek B. Leinweber, Anthony W. Thoma
Spinor Fields and Symmetries of the Spacetime
In the background of a stationary black hole, the "conserved current" of a
particular spinor field always approaches the null Killing vector on the
horizon. What's more, when the black hole is asymptotically flat and when the
coordinate system is asymptotically static, then the same current also
approaches the time Killing vector at the spatial infinity. We test these
results against various black hole solutions and no exception is found. The
spinor field only needs to satisfy a very general and simple constraint.Comment: 19 page
Changes in impacts of climate extremes: human systems and ecosystems
In this chapter, two different types of impacts on human and ecological systems are examined: (i) impacts of extreme weather and climate events; and (ii) extreme impacts triggered by less-than-extreme weather or climate events (in combination with non-climatic factors, such as high exposure and/or vulnerability). Where data are available, impacts are examined from sectoral and regional perspectives.Peer Reviewe
Heterogeneous microstructure and mechanical behaviour of Al-8.3Fe-1.3V-1.8Si alloy produced by laser powder bed fusion
The relationship between processing parameters, microstructure, and mechanical properties of Al-8.3Fe-1.3V-1.8Si alloy processed by laser powder bed fusion is seldom studied. Therefore, fully dense alloys with two parameters were selected to investigate this key issue. The results show that the alloy with low power and scanning speed (S200) shows fan-shell-shaped melt pools and laser tracks while another (S350) shows a deeper and wider melt pool. Both alloys obtain a heterogeneous microstructure without a secondary phase in melt pool (MP) and a nano-sized phase in melt pool boundary (MPB). The difference between solid-solution strengthening and Orowan strengthening in MP and MPB contributes to the difference in compressive yield strength (S200: 380βΒ±β14β
MPa and S350: 705βΒ±β16β
MPa), and heterogeneous nano-hardness results in different crack behaviours and failure strains. This work indicates that adjusting processing parameters is an effective method to control microstructure and mechanical properties of this alloy
Electronic Structure of the Complex Hydride NaAlH4
Density functional calculations of the electronic structure of the complex
hydride NaAlH4 and the reference systems NaH and AlH3 are reported. We find a
substantially ionic electronic structure for NaAlH4, which emphasizes the
importance of solid state effects in this material. The relaxed hydrogen
positions in NaAlH4 are in good agreement with recent experiment. The
electronic structure of AlH3 is also ionic. Implications for the binding of
complex hydrides are discussed.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figure
Contributions to the cross shock electric field at supercritical perpendicular shocks: Impact of the pickup ions
A particle-in-cell code is used to examine contributions of the pickup ions
(PIs) and the solar wind ions (SWs) to the cross shock electric field at the
supercritical, perpendicular shocks. The code treats the pickup ions
self-consistently as a third component. Herein, two different runs with
relative pickup ion density of 25% and 55% are presented in this paper. Present
preliminary results show that: (1) in the low percentage (25%) pickup ion case,
the shock front is nonstationary. During the evolution of this perpendicular
shock, a nonstationary foot resulting from the reflected solar wind ions is
formed in front of the old ramp, and its amplitude becomes larger and larger.
At last, the nonstationary foot grows up into a new ramp and exceeds the old
one. Such a nonstationary process can be formed periodically. hen the new ramp
begins to be formed in front of the old ramp, the Hall term mainly contributed
by the solar wind ions becomes more and more important. The electric field Ex
is dominated by the Hall term when the new ramp exceeds the old one.
Furthermore, an extended and stationary foot in pickup ion gyro-scale is
located upstream of the nonstationary/self-reforming region within the shock
front, and is always dominated by the Lorentz term contributed by the pickup
ions; (2) in the high percentage (55%) pickup ion case, the amplitude of the
stationary foot is increased as expected. One striking point is that the
nonstationary region of the shock front evidenced by the self-reformation
disappears. Instead, a stationary extended foot dominated by Lorentz term
contributed by the pickup ions, and a tationary ramp dominated by Hall term
contributed by the solar wind ions are clearly evidenced. The significance of
the cross electric field on ion dynamics is also discussed.Comment: 11 pages, 6 figs and 1 table. This paper will be published in the
journal: Astrophysics and Space Scienc
Spin-Polarized Transport Across an LaSrMnO/YBaCuO Interface: Role of Andreev Bound States
Transport across an
LaSr_{3}/YBa_{3}_{7}_{3}$/YBCO and Ag/YBCO. In all cases, YBCO is used as bottom layer to
eliminate the channel resistance and to minimize thermal effects. The observed
differential conductance re ects the role of Andreev bound states in a-b
planes, and brings out for the first time the suppression of such states by the
spin-polarized transport across the interface. The theoretical analysis of the
measured data reveals decay of the spin polarization near the LSMO surface with
temperature, consistent with the reported photoemission data.Comment: 5 pages LaTeX, 3 eps figures included, accepted by Physical Review
A Real Space Description of Field Induced Melting in the Charge Ordered Manganites: II. the Disordered Case
We study the effect of A site disorder on magnetic field induced melting of
charge order (CO) in half doped manganites using a Monte-Carlo technique.
Strong A-site disorder destroys CO even without an applied field. At moderate
disorder, the zero field CO state survives but has several intriguing features
in its field response. Our spatially resolved results track the broadening of
the field melting transition due to disorder and explain the unusual dependence
of the melting scales on bandwidth and disorder. In combination with our
companion paper on field melting of charge order in clean systems we provide an
unified understanding of CO melting across all half doped manganites.Comment: 9 pages, pdflatex, 10 embedded png fig
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