2,724 research outputs found
Neutrinos from type Ia supernovae: the deflagration-to-detonation transition scenario
It has long been recognized that the neutrinos detected from the next
core-collapse supernova in the Galaxy have the potential to reveal important
information about the dynamics of the explosion and the nucleosynthesis
conditions as well as allowing us to probe the properties of the neutrino
itself. The neutrinos emitted from thermonuclear - type Ia - supernovae also
possess the same potential, although these supernovae are dimmer neutrino
sources. For the first time, we calculate the time, energy, line of sight, and
neutrino-flavor-dependent features of the neutrino signal expected from a
three-dimensional delayed-detonation explosion simulation, where a
deflagration-to-detonation transition triggers the complete disruption of a
near-Chandrasekhar mass carbon-oxygen white dwarf. We also calculate the
neutrino flavor evolution along eight lines of sight through the simulation as
a function of time and energy using an exact three-flavor transformation code.
We identify a characteristic spectral peak at MeV as a signature of
electron captures on copper. This peak is a potentially distinguishing feature
of explosion models since it reflects the nucleosynthesis conditions early in
the explosion. We simulate the event rates in the Super-K, Hyper-K, JUNO, and
DUNE neutrino detectors with the SNOwGLoBES event rate calculation software and
also compute the IceCube signal. Hyper-K will be able to detect neutrinos from
our model out to a distance of kpc. At 1 kpc, JUNO, Super-K, and DUNE
would register a few events while IceCube and Hyper-K would register several
tens of events.Comment: 44 pages, 29 figures & 2 tables. Updated to match Phys. Rev. D
version, including a new event channel discussion and improved IceCube
result
Developing an embedded nursing service within a homeless shelter: Client's perspectives
This phenomenological case study of a newly developed nursing service, embedded within a homeless shelter in the South East of England, uses semi-structured to elicit experiences and perceptions of clients within the service. Participants ( = 6) were interviewed using a semi-structured approach and identified three broad themes: impact of previous healthcare experiences, benefits of embedding healthcare within the shelter, and future service development. The study illuminates the diversity and complexity of healthcare needs of homeless people, as well as offers a unique insight into the service user's perception of the service
Pulse processing routines for neutron time-of-flight data
A pulse shape analysis framework is described, which was developed for
n_TOF-Phase3, the third phase in the operation of the n_TOF facility at CERN.
The most notable feature of this new framework is the adoption of generic pulse
shape analysis routines, characterized by a minimal number of explicit
assumptions about the nature of pulses. The aim of these routines is to be
applicable to a wide variety of detectors, thus facilitating the introduction
of the new detectors or types of detectors into the analysis framework. The
operational details of the routines are suited to the specific requirements of
particular detectors by adjusting the set of external input parameters. Pulse
recognition, baseline calculation and the pulse shape fitting procedure are
described. Special emphasis is put on their computational efficiency, since the
most basic implementations of these conceptually simple methods are often
computationally inefficient.Comment: 13 pages, 10 figures, 5 table
Robot rights? Towards a social-relational justification of moral consideration \ud
Should we grant rights to artificially intelligent robots? Most current and near-future robots do not meet the hard criteria set by deontological and utilitarian theory. Virtue ethics can avoid this problem with its indirect approach. However, both direct and indirect arguments for moral consideration rest on ontological features of entities, an approach which incurs several problems. In response to these difficulties, this paper taps into a different conceptual resource in order to be able to grant some degree of moral consideration to some intelligent social robots: it sketches a novel argument for moral consideration based on social relations. It is shown that to further develop this argument we need to revise our existing ontological and social-political frameworks. It is suggested that we need a social ecology, which may be developed by engaging with Western ecology and Eastern worldviews. Although this relational turn raises many difficult issues and requires more work, this paper provides a rough outline of an alternative approach to moral consideration that can assist us in shaping our relations to intelligent robots and, by extension, to all artificial and biological entities that appear to us as more than instruments for our human purpose
Beyond capitalism and liberal democracy: on the relevance of GDH Coleās sociological critique and alternative
This article argues for a return to the social thought of the often ignored early 20th-century English thinker GDH Cole. The authors contend that Cole combined a sociological critique of capitalism and liberal democracy with a well-developed alternative in his work on guild socialism bearing particular relevance to advanced capitalist societies. Both of these, with their focus on the limitations on āfree communal serviceā in associations and the inability of capitalism to yield emancipation in either production or consumption, are relevant to social theorists looking to understand, critique and contribute to the subversion of neoliberalism. Therefore, the authors suggest that Coleās associational sociology, and the invitation it provides to think of formations beyond capitalism and liberal democracy, is a timely and valuable resource which should be returned to
The ugrizYJHK luminosity distributions and densities from the combined MGC, SDSS and UKIDSS LAS datasets
We combine data from the MGC, SDSS and UKIDSS LAS surveys to produce
ugrizYJHK luminosity functions and densities from within a common, low redshift
volume (z<0.1, ~71,000 h_1^-3 Mpc^3 for L* systems) with 100 per cent
spectroscopic completeness. In the optical the fitted Schechter functions are
comparable in shape to those previously reported values but with higher
normalisations (typically 0, 30, 20, 15, 5 per cent higher phi*-values in u, g,
r, i, z respectively over those reported by the SDSS team). We attribute these
to differences in the redshift ranges probed, incompleteness, and adopted
normalisation methods. In the NIR we find significantly different Schechter
function parameters (mainly in the M* values) to those previously reported and
attribute this to the improvement in the quality of the imaging data over
previous studies. This is the first homogeneous measurement of the
extragalactic luminosity density which fully samples both the optical and
near-IR regimes. Unlike previous compilations that have noted a discontinuity
between the optical and near-IR regimes our homogeneous dataset shows a smooth
cosmic spectral energy distribution (CSED). After correcting for dust
attenuation we compare our CSED to the expected values based on recent
constraints on the cosmic star-formation history and the initial mass function.Comment: 17 pages, 13 figures, Accepted in MNRAS: 2010 January 18; in original
form 2009 August 1
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