60 research outputs found
Upper extremity impairments in women with or without lymphedema following breast cancer treatment
Breast-cancer-related lymphedema affects ∼25% of breast cancer (BC) survivors and may impact use of the upper limb during activity. The purpose of this study is to compare upper extremity (UE) impairment and activity between women with and without lymphedema after BC treatment.
144 women post BC treatment completed demographic, symptom, and Disability of Arm-Shoulder-Hand (DASH) questionnaires. Objective measures included Purdue pegboard, finger-tapper, Semmes-Weinstein monofilaments, vibration perception threshold, strength, range of motion (ROM), and volume.
Women with lymphedema had more lymph nodes removed (p < .001), more UE symptoms (p < .001), higher BMI (p = .041), and higher DASH scores (greater limitation) (p < .001). For all participants there was less strength (elbow flexion, wrist flexion, grip), less shoulder ROM, and decreased sensation at the medial upper arm (p < .05) in the affected UE. These differences were greater in women with lymphedema, particularly in shoulder abduction ROM (p < .05). Women with lymphedema had bilaterally less elbow flexion strength and shoulder ROM (p < .05). Past diagnosis of lymphedema, grip strength, shoulder abduction ROM, and number of comorbidities contributed to the variance in DASH scores (R
2 of 0.463, p < .001).
UE impairments are found in women following treatment for BC. Women with lymphedema have greater UE impairment and limitation in activities than women without. Many of these impairments are amenable to prevention measures or treatment, so early detection by health care providers is essential
Vertical Heterophoria and Postural Control in Nonspecific Chronic Low Back Pain
The purpose of this study was to test postural control during quiet standing in
nonspecific chronic low back pain (LBP) subjects with vertical heterophoria (VH)
before and after cancellation of VH; also to compare with healthy subjects with,
and without VH. Fourteen subjects with LBP took part in this study. The postural
performance was measured through the center of pressure displacements with a
force platform while the subjects fixated on a target placed at either 40 or 200
cm, before and after VH cancellation with an appropriate prism. Their postural
performance was compared to that of 14 healthy subjects with VH and 12 without
VH (i.e. vertical orthophoria) studied previously in similar conditions. For LBP
subjects, cancellation of VH with a prism improved postural performance. With
respect to control subjects (with or without VH), the variance of speed of the
center of pressure was higher, suggesting more energy was needed to stabilize
their posture in quiet upright stance. Similarly to controls, LBP subjects
showed higher postural sway when they were looking at a target at a far distance
than at a close distance. The most important finding is that LBP subjects with
VH can improve their performance after prism-cancellation of their VH. We
suggest that VH reflects mild conflict between sensory and motor inputs involved
in postural control i.e. a non optimal integration of the various signals. This
could affect the performance of postural control and perhaps lead to pain.
Nonspecific chronic back pain may results from such prolonged conflict
Scaffolding in teacher-student interaction: a decade of Research
Although scaffolding is an important and frequently studied concept, much discussion exists with regard to its conceptualizations, appearances, and effectiveness. Departing from the last decade’s scaffolding literature, this review scrutinizes these three areas of scaffolding. First, contingency, fading, and transfer of responsibility are discerned in this review as the three key characteristics of scaffolding. Second, an overview is presented of the numerous descriptive studies that provided narratives on the appearances of scaffolding and classifications of scaffolding strategies. These strategies are synthesized into a framework for analysis, distinguishing between scaffolding means and intentions. Third, the small number of effectiveness studies available is discussed and the results suggest that scaffolding is effective. However, more research is needed. The main challenge in scaffolding research appears to be its measurement. Based on the encountered and described measurement problems, suggestions for future research are made
Optimization of Lower Extremity Kinetics during Transfers Using a Wearable, Portable Robotic Lower Extremity Orthosis: A Case Study
The ABCs of learning disabilities
This [book] traces the history of the learning disabilities field and presents the standard gamut of topics subsumed in the history of the field. These include, but are not limited to, the origins of the learning disability field, the influential definitions of learning disabilities, the characteristics of individuals with learning disabilities, the condition of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and the etiology of learning disabilities. The [book] concludes with an assessment of the current hot topic of the response to instruction model as an alternative to the IQ-achievement discrepancy model of diagnosing learning disabilities and boldly raises the question of contributions of the research of response to instruction (RTI standard-protocol approach) to the learning disabilities field
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Upper extremity impairments in women with or without lymphedema following breast cancer treatment.
IntroductionBreast-cancer-related lymphedema affects approximately 25% of breast cancer (BC) survivors and may impact use of the upper limb during activity. The purpose of this study is to compare upper extremity (UE) impairment and activity between women with and without lymphedema after BC treatment.Methods144 women post BC treatment completed demographic, symptom, and Disability of Arm-Shoulder-Hand (DASH) questionnaires. Objective measures included Purdue pegboard, finger-tapper, Semmes-Weinstein monofilaments, vibration perception threshold, strength, range of motion (ROM), and volume.ResultsWomen with lymphedema had more lymph nodes removed (p < .001), more UE symptoms (p < .001), higher BMI (p = .041), and higher DASH scores (greater limitation) (p < .001). For all participants there was less strength (elbow flexion, wrist flexion, grip), less shoulder ROM, and decreased sensation at the medial upper arm (p < .05) in the affected UE. These differences were greater in women with lymphedema, particularly in shoulder abduction ROM (p < .05). Women with lymphedema had bilaterally less elbow flexion strength and shoulder ROM (p < .05). Past diagnosis of lymphedema, grip strength, shoulder abduction ROM, and number of comorbidities contributed to the variance in DASH scores (R (2) of 0.463, p < .001).Implications for cancer survivorsUE impairments are found in women following treatment for BC. Women with lymphedema have greater UE impairment and limitation in activities than women without. Many of these impairments are amenable to prevention measures or treatment, so early detection by health care providers is essential
A way in determination of patellar position: Ligamentum patellae angle and a neural network application
MR analysis of regional brain volume in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: Neurological manifestation of a systemic disease
Effect of Surgical Fusion on Volitional Weight-Shifting in Individuals With Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis
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