The personal need for structure as a factor affecting the understanding and projecting of complex spacial structures

Creativity and understanding of complex spatial structures are required from architects. Thereat, avoiding the uncertainty and the necessity of simplifying complex structures may, in consequence, lead to an inadequacy of the effect of their work. Employing the scales of Personal Need for Structure (PNS) and PNS-Geometry served to determine if the individuals with strong intensity of these qualities will have problems with understanding construction of complex spatial structures and correct solving of geometrical problems. The results of the preliminary research appear to validate the thesis

Preparation of Teachers and of Teaching Specialisation Students for the Implementation of School Health Education – a Review of Research

Shaping health awareness is one of the basic tasks of education, hence, creating healthy attitudes of children and young people should occupy an important place among the goals of education. In Poland, the role of a teacher as a health educator has been validated in key documents related to education and upbringing: general educational curriculum and education standards preparing for the teaching profession. The implementation of health education requires extensive subject-related and pedagogical competences from teachers. The aim of this work was to review a research in the field of preparing teachers and students of teaching specialisations for the implementation of school health education, particularly concerning: knowledge about health determinants, the position of vital values (health, physical condition and well-being) in the hierarchy of values, the scale of healthy behaviours in lifestyle and readiness to change as an important element of behaviour modification (also in the dimension of health culture). A review of the analysed studies showed a limited amount of knowledge in the field of health determinants and threats, low position of vital values in the hierarchy of values, prevalence of anti-health behaviours in lifestyle, and limited readiness of teachers and students of teaching faculties for a change regarding health-promoting behaviour

Wartości witalne w hierarchii wartości a styl życia studentów kierunków nauczycielskich

Vital values, including health, fitness and well-being, contribute to an active undertaking of activities, whose primary objective is to maintain, protect and enhance a psychophysical potential of a man. School, along with family, plays a special role in providing pupils with health education and creating appropriate conditions for the development of pro-health attitudes and realization of behaviors fostering their health. It should be noted that the health education of children and youngsters has been recognized and included in the education systems of all European countries.The aim of the study was to assess the position of vital values in the system of values and to analyze the correlation between the position of vital values and pro-health behaviours of  pre-service teachers. The study was conducted in a randomly selected group of 486 people, including 416 women (85.60%) and 70 men (14.40%), aged 22-28 years. Based on Juczyński’s (2009) Inventory of Pro- Health (IZZ) four categories of health behaviors were assessed: proper dietary habits, preventive health behaviours,  pro-health practices, and a positive mental attitude. In order to o evaluate the position of vital values in the hierarchy of the students’ value system, the The Scheler Values Scale  SWS (Polish adaptation: Brzozowski, 1995) was used.The low position of vital values and its two subscales (Physical Condition and Fitness, Resistance to Tiredness) in the system of students’ values – the future teachers and dominating in their lifestyle low and average level of pro-health behaviors indicate that prospective teachers do not show adequate readiness to promote pro-health lifestyle among children and teenagers.Wartości witalne, obejmujące zdrowie, kondycję fizyczną i dobre samopoczucie, przyczyniają się do aktywnego podejmowania działań, których celem jest utrzymanie, ochrona i doskonalenie potencjału psychofizycznego człowieka. Szczególną rolę w tym zakresie, obok rodziny, pełni szkoła, która ma obowiązek zapewnienia swoim wychowankom edukacji zdrowotnej oraz stworzenia odpowiednich warunków dla kształtowania postaw prozdrowotnych i realizacji zachowań sprzyjających zdrowiu. Należy podkreślić, że edukacja zdrowotna dzieci i młodzieży została doceniona i włączona w systemy edukacyjne wszystkich krajów europejskich. W Polsce rola nauczyciela jako edukatora zdrowia nabiera szczególnego znaczenia dzięki docenieniu rangi edukacji zdrowotnej uczniów w kluczowych dla kształcenia i wychowania dokumentach: podstawie programowej kształcenia ogólnego oraz standardach kształcenia przygotowujących do wykonywania zawodu nauczyciela. Celem badań jest ocena miejsca wartości witalnych w systemie wartości oraz analiza zależności pomiędzy pozycją wartości witalnych a zachowaniami prozdrowotnymi studentów kierunków nauczycielskich. Badania przeprowadzono w losowo wybranej grupie 486 osób, w tym 416 kobiet (85,60%) i 70 mężczyzn (14,40%), w wieku 22-28 lat. Na podstawie Inwentarza Zachowań Zdrowotnych (IZZ) Z. Juczyńskiego (2009) oceniono cztery kategorie zachowań zdrowotnych: prawidłowe nawyki żywieniowe, zachowania profilaktyczne, praktyki zdrowotne i pozytywne nastawienie psychiczne. Do oceny pozycji wartości witalnych w hierarchii wartości studentów zastosowano Skalę Wartości Schelerowskich SWS (polska adaptacja: Brzozowski, 1995).Niska pozycja wartości witalnych i jej dwóch podskal (Sprawności i Siły Fizycznej oraz Wytrzymałości) w systemie wartości studentów – przyszłych nauczycieli oraz dominujący w ich stylu życia niski i przeciętny poziom zachowań prozdrowotnych dowodzą, że przyszli nauczyciele nie wykazują należytej gotowości, aby własnym przykładem propagować prozdrowotny styl życia wśród dzieci i młodzieży szkolnej

Personality-Related Determinants of Physical Activity Among Polish and Spanish Physical Education Students

We aimed to analyze personality-related determinants of physical activity among Polish and Spanish physical education (PE) students. The study was conducted among 219 Polish and 280 Spanish PE students, using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and the NEO-FFI Personality Inventory. Compared with Spanish PE students, their Polish counterparts are characterized by a higher level of extraversion and conscientiousness and a lower level of neuroticism. The level of total physical activity for all students was 8,697.21 METs, and this value was higher among Polish students. Among Polish and Spanish PE students, the level of total, vigorous, and moderate physical activity increased along with the increase in extraversion, while a decrease occurred along with the increase in neuroticism. The level of each domain of physical activity also increased in line with the intensification of student conscientiousness. In moderation analyses, it was shown that the home country of students may be considered a moderator of the relationship between conscientiousness and total exercise in such a way that the physical activity increased along with the increase in conscientiousness only among the Polish students. In addition, the country is a moderator of the correlation between moderate physical activity and neuroticism (p = 0.031), openness (p = 0.049), and conscientiousness (p = 0.019), with moderate activity only decreasing among Polish students and increasing along with the increase in openness and conscientiousness. Positive correlations among physical activity, extraversion, and conscientiousness, as well as negative ones with neuroticism, were demonstrated among Polish and Spanish students, and also the moderating impact of the country on the correlation between personality-related dimensions and physical activity

Association of lectin pathway proteins with intra-abdominal Candida infection in high-risk surgical intensive-care unit patients. A prospective cohort study within the fungal infection network of Switzerland

OBJECTIVES Human studies on the role of mannose-binding lectin (MBL) in patients with invasive candidiasis have yielded conflicting results. We investigated the influence of MBL and other lectin pathway proteins on Candida colonization and intra-abdominal candidiasis (IAC) in a cohort of high-risk patients. METHODS Prospective observational cohort study of 89 high-risk intensive-care unit (ICU) patients. Levels of lectin pathway proteins at study entry and six MBL2 single-nucleotide polymorphisms were analyzed by sandwich-type immunoassays and genotyping, respectively, and correlated with development of heavy Candida colonization (corrected colonization index (CCI) ≥0.4) and occurrence of IAC during a 4-week period. RESULTS Within 4 weeks after inclusion a CCI ≥0.4 and IAC was observed in 47% and 38% of patients respectively. Neither serum levels of MBL, ficolin-1, -2, -3, MASP-2 or collectin liver 1 nor MBL2 genotypes were associated with a CCI ≥0.4. Similarly, none of the analyzed proteins was found to be associated with IAC with the exception of lower MBL levels (HR 0.74, p = 0.02) at study entry. However, there was no association of MBL deficiency (<0.5 μg/ml), MBL2 haplo- or genotypes with IAC. CONCLUSION Lectin pathway protein levels and MBL2 genotype investigated in this study were not associated with heavy Candida colonization or IAC in a cohort of high-risk ICU patients

Immunochip SNP array identifies novel genetic variants conferring susceptibility to candidaemia

Candidaemia is the fourth most common cause of bloodstream infection, with a high mortality rate of up to 40%. Identification of host genetic factors that confer susceptibility to candidaemia may aid in designing adjunctive immunotherapeutic strategies. Here we hypothesize that variation in immune genes may predispose to candidaemia. We analyse 118,989 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) across 186 loci known to be associated with immune-mediated diseases in the largest candidaemia cohort to date of 217 patients of European ancestry and a group of 11,920 controls. We validate the significant associations by comparison with a disease-matched control group. We observe significant association between candidaemia and SNPs in the CD58 (P = 1.97 x 10(-11); odds ratio (OR) = 4.68), LCE4A-C1orf68 (P = 1.98 x 10(-10); OR = 4.25) and TAGAP (P = 1.84 x 10(-8); OR = 2.96) loci. Individuals carrying two or more risk alleles have an increased risk for candidaemia of 19.4-fold compared with individuals carrying no risk allele. We identify three novel genetic risk factors for candidaemia, which we subsequently validate for their role in antifungal host defence

Intrauterine deaths — an unsolved problem in Polish perinatology

Objectives: The Polish criteria for “intrauterine death” include fetal demise after 22 weeks of gestation, weighing &gt; 500 g and body length at least 25 cm, when the gestational age is unknown. The rate of fetal death in Poland in 2015 is 3:10,000. In 2020, 1,231 stillbirths were registered. Material and methods: An analysis using 142,662 births in the period between 2015–2020 in 11 living in Poland. The first subgroup was admitted as patients &gt; 22 to the beginning of the 30th week of pregnancy (n = 229), and the second from the 30th week of pregnancy inclusively (n = 179). In the case of women from both subgroups, there was a risk of preterm delivery close to hospitalization. Results: It was found that stillbirth in 41% of women in the first pregnancy. For the patient, stillbirth was also the first in his life. The average stillbirth weight was 1487 g, the average body length was 40 cm. Among fetuses up to 30 weeks, male fetuses are born more often, in subgroup II, the sex of the child was usually female. Most fetal deaths occur in mothers &lt; 15 and &gt; 45 years of age. Conclusions: According to the Polish results of the origin of full-term fetuses &gt; 30 weeks of gestation for death in the concomitant antenatal, such as placental-umbilical and fetal hypoxia, acute intrapartum effects rarely, and moreover &lt; 30 Hbd fetal growth restriction (FGR), occurring placental-umbilical, acute intrapartum often

The 42nd Symposium Chromatographic Methods of Investigating Organic Compounds : Book of abstracts

The 42nd Symposium Chromatographic Methods of Investigating Organic Compounds : Book of abstracts. June 4-7, 2019, Szczyrk, Polan