GESTÃO INOVADORA DE PROJETOS E ESTUDO DE CASO DE CONTROLE DE EMPREENDIMENTO: NELSON MANDELA BAY METROPOLE – ÁFRICA DO SUL

Intensive end-user research in the “Affordable Housing Sector” in R.S A. became necessary to find ways to counter ever increasing delivery costs and still satisfy preferences, quality and affordability. Research has to be followed up by innovative designs and lower cost and faster construction methods without forfeiting quality and aesthetics. Land cost and density design balanced with environmental quality became of utmost importance in any sustainable development. The same accounts for locality to achieve neighbourhood revitalization. A typical example is the Nelson Mandela Bay Metropole in South Africa where 100,000 dwellings need to be constructed in3-5 years to wipe out the back-log. The amount of data relating to a single dwelling is vast and with a large development even more significant. Traditionally the data is stored in diverse locations, for example, with government authorities, architects or other professionals, a developer, sub-contractor, conveyancer, financial institution or owner. Substantial delays and inefficiency result if existing data cannot be accessed rapidly, or at all. An electronic spatial process and data control system that is uniquely and physically associated with a particular house was successfully developed to address most of the problems we experienced.Uma pesquisa Intensiva com os usuários finais no setor da Habitação Econômica da República Sul-Africana tornou-se necessário para encontrar formas de enfrentar o contínuo aumento dos custos e ainda continuar a satisfazer as preferências, com qualidade e acessibilidade. A pesquisa tem de ser sucedida por projetos inovadores e métodos construtivos rápidos e de baixo custo, sem perder qualidade e estética. Os custos de terreno e o adensamento dos projetos, em equilíbrio com a qualidade ambiental, tornaram-se de enorme importância em qualquer empreendimento sustentável. O mesmo se aplica às vizinhanças, quanto à revitalização dos bairros. Um exemplo típico é o Nelson Mandela Bay Metropole na África do Sul, onde 100.000 unidades habitacionais precisam ser construídas em um período de três a cinco anos para acabar com o déficit. A quantidade de dados relativos a uma única habitação é vasta e, em um grande empreendimento, ainda mais significativa. Tradicionalmente, os dados são armazenados em vários locais, por exemplo, com autoridades governamentais, arquitetos ou outros profissionais, empreendedores, subcontratados, agentes imobiliários, instituições financeiras ou proprietários. Baixa eficiência e atrasos substanciais são o resultado, quando os dados existentes não podem ser acessados rapidamente, ou não são encontrados. Um processo de localização espacial e sistema de controle de dados física e inequivocamente associado com cada particular unidade habitacional foi desenvolvido para resolver com sucesso a maioria desses problemas

Generalized Geologic Map for Land-Use Planning: Clark County, Kentucky

This map is not intended to be used for selecting individual sites. Its purpose is to inform land-use planners, government officials, and the public in a general way about geologic bedrock conditions that affect the selection of sites for various purposes. The properties of thick soils may supercede those of the underlying bedrock and should be considered on a site-to-site basis. At any site, it is important to understand the characteristics of both the soils and the underlying rock

Analysis of Lithium‐Ion Battery State and Degradation via Physicochemical Cell and SEI Modeling

The quality of lithium-ion batteries is affected by the formation of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). For a better understanding of its effect on cell performance and aging, fast and economically scalable SEI diagnostics are indispensable. Battery models promise to extract hardly accessible interfacial and bulk properties of the SEI from electrochemical impedance spectra and discharge data. The common analysis of only one measurement, often with empirical models, impedes a precise localization of degradation-related and performance-limiting processes. This work offers a solution by combining physicochemical SEI and cell modeling for the joint analysis of both measurement types. Our analysis highlights the minor importance of the SEI ionic conductivity for cell performance along with a significant improvement and notable effect of its interfacial properties along aging. Such a detailed understanding of the initial SEI and its evolution over time could enable, e. g., a knowledge-based optimization of the cell formation process