Physics with a very long neutrino factory baseline

We discuss the neutrino oscillation physics of a very long neutrino factory baseline over a broad range of lengths (between 6000 km and 9000 km), centered on the ``magic baseline'' ($\sim$ 7500 km) where correlations with the leptonic CP phase are suppressed by matter effects. Since the magic baseline depends only on the density, we study the impact of matter density profile effects and density uncertainties over this range, and the impact of detector locations off the optimal baseline. We find that the optimal constant density describing the physics over this entire baseline range is about 5% higher than the average matter density. This implies that the magic baseline is significantly shorter than previously inferred. However, while a single detector optimization requires fine-tuning of the (very long) baseline length, its combination with a near detector at a shorter baseline is much less sensitive to the far detector location and to uncertainties in the matter density. In addition, we point out different applications of this baseline which go beyond its excellent correlation and degeneracy resolution potential. We demonstrate that such a long baseline assists in the improvement of the $\theta_{13}$ precision and in the resolution of the octant degeneracy. Moreover, we show that the neutrino data from such a baseline could be used to extract the matter density along the profile up to 0.24% at $1 \sigma$ for large $\sin^2 2 \theta_{13}$, providing a useful discriminator between different geophysical models.Comment: 27 pages, 11 figures. Minor changes, references added; version to appear in Phys. Rev.

Existence and stability analysis of spiky solutions for the Gierer-Meinhardt system with large reaction rates

We study the Gierer-Meinhardt system in one dimension in the limit of large reaction rates. First we construct three types of solutions: (i) an interior spike; (ii) a boundary spike and (iii) two boundary spikes. Second we prove results on their stability. It is found that an interior spike is always unstable; a boundary spike is always stable. The two boundary spike configuration can be either stable or unstable, depending on the parameters. We fully classify the stability in this case. We characterise the destabilizing eigenfunctions in all cases. Numerical simulations are shown which are in full agreement with the analytical results

Stochastic Matrix Product States

The concept of stochastic matrix product states is introduced and a natural form for the states is derived. This allows to define the analogue of Schmidt coefficients for steady states of non-equilibrium stochastic processes. We discuss a new measure for correlations which is analogous to the entanglement entropy, the entropy cost $S_C$, and show that this measure quantifies the bond dimension needed to represent a steady state as a matrix product state. We illustrate these concepts on the hand of the asymmetric exclusion process

A Forward Branching Phase-Space Generator

We develop a forward branching phase-space generator for use in next-to-leading order parton level event generators. By performing 2 -> 3 branchings from a fixed jet phase-space point, all bremsstrahlung events contributing to the given jet configuration are generated. The resulting phase-space integration is three-dimensional irrespective of the considered jet multiplicity. In this first study, we use the forward branching phase-space generator to calculate in the leading-color approximation next-to-leading order corrections to fully differential gluonic jet configurations.Comment: 35 pages, 5 figures, 1 tabl

Half-Life of 14^{14}O

We have measured the half-life of $^{14}$O, a superallowed $(0^{+} \to 0^{+})$ $\beta$ decay isotope. The $^{14}$O was produced by the $^{12}$C($^{3}$He,n)$^{14}$O reaction using a carbon aerogel target. A low-energy ion beam of $^{14}$O was mass separated and implanted in a thin beryllium foil. The beta particles were counted with plastic scintillator detectors. We find $t_{1/2} = 70.696\pm 0.052$ s. This result is $1.5\sigma$ higher than an average value from six earlier experiments, but agrees more closely with the most recent previous measurement.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figure

Dossier: the stateless Rohingya — practical consequences of expulsion

The international community has been called upon to ramp up efforts to end statelessness and provided with a guiding framework of 10 Actions. This dossier presents the practical consequences of expulsion, both direct and indirect outcomes of collective violence, directed towards the Rohingyas. Touching upon the nexus between children's rights, human trafficking, and practical challenges associated on-the-ground, the dossier also discusses the imperative need for the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) states—collectively as a region—to take steps in fulfilling Action 7 of the Global Action Plan through the birth registration of Rohingya children as part of their existing efforts in order to enhance the protection of refugee children