Microbial Population and Fermentation Characteristic in Response to Sapindus Rarak Mineral Block Supplementation

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of supplementation with lerak extract combined with mineral block on protozoal and bacterial population, and fermentation characteristic in vitro. The experimental design was completely randomized block design with 3 treatments and 4 replications. Control diet was a substrate that consisted of concentrate, forage and feed block with ratio 50 : 48 : 2, respectively. The treatments as a substrate were: control diet (C), C + 0.09% lerak extract, and C + 0.18% lerak extract from the total ration. Variables observed were protozoal and bacterial population, dry matter and organic matter degradability, N-NH3 and total volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The result showed that there were no significant effect (P>0.05) for all parameter measured with lerak extract supplementation up to 0.18% in the presence of mineral block. However, supplementation of lerak extract 0.18% only slightly reduced protozoal numbers but tended to increase bacterial numbers. Dry matter and organic matter degradability and concentration of N-NH3 were similar among treatments. Volatile fatty acids profile changed which propionate tended to increase and acetate tended to decrease and ratio of acetate to propionate tended to decrease. In conclusion, addition of lerak extract up to 0.18% from total ration in the presence of mineral block was not yet effective to depress protozoal population, but could modify fermentation characteristic in vitro

Sentimen Investor terhadap Peristiwa Terorisme Berbasis Fundamental Perusahaan (Studi pada Peristiwa Serangan Bom Sarinah 14 Januari 2016)

Sentimen investor adalah perasaan individu yang optimis atau pesimis yang berlebihan terhadap suatu situasi, yang menentukan terbentuknya harga di pasar saham. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji apakah terdapat sentimen investor atas serangan bom yang terjadi di kawasan Sarinah pada 14 Januari 2016. Penelitian ini melibatkan 65 Perusahaan dari indeks LQ45 dan PEFINDO25 sebagai sampel, yang terbagi menjadi dua kelompok antara lain kelompok Perusahaan dengan fundamental baik dan kelompok Perusahaan dengan fundamental kurang baik. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat sentimen negatif atas peristiwa pengeboman pada 14 Januari 2016, bahkan terjadi overreaction pada kelompok Perusahaan dengan fundamental kurang baik

PENGARUH KONSENTRASI TEPUNG MODIFIED CASSAVA FLOUR (MOCAF) DAN LAMA FERMENTASI TERHADAP KUALITAS SOYGHURT

Soyghurt merupakan susu kedelai hasil fermentasi bakteri asam laktat Lactobacillus bulgaricus dan Streptococcus thermophillus. Soyghurt memiliki kekurangan karena tidak mengandung laktosa seperti susu sapi, serta memiliki tingkat kestabilan yang rendah, sehingga dilakukan penambahan tepung mocaf untuk menambahkan tingkat kestabilan dari soyghurt. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan tepung mocaf dengan lama fermentasi terhadap karakteristik soyghurt yang dihasilkan. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan terdiri dari penelitian pendahuluan dan penelitian utama. Penelitian pendahuluan dilakukan untuk mengetahui kualitas susu kedelai yang digunakan. Penelitian utama dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan tepung mocaf dan lama fermentasi terhadap karakteristik soyghurt yang dihasilkan. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan pola factorial 3 x 3 dengan tiga kali ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah konsentrasi tepung mocaf (10%, 15%, 20%) dan faktor kedua adalah lama fermentasi (8 jam, 10 jam, 12 jam). Variable respon pada penelitian ini adalah respon kimia, fisik, mikrobiologi dan organoleptik. Hasil dari penelitian pendahuluan pengujian susu kedelai menunjukkan bahwa kadar pati sebesar 6,71%, kadar protein sebesar 4,67%, kadar lemak sebesar 16,17% dan total bakteri asam laktat yang diuji pada starter yoghurt sebesar 2,0 x 107 cfu/ml. Hasil penelitian utama yang dilakukan dapat diketahui bahwa interaksi penambahan konsentrasi tepung mocaf dan lama fermentasi berpengaruh terhadap nilai pH, kadar asam laktat, kadar pati, viskoksitas, total mikroba soyghurt serta nilai organoleptik pada rasa, aroma, tekstur (mouthfeel) sedangkan tidak berpengaruh pada kadar protein dan lemak dari soyghurt. Kata kunci: soyghurt, tepung mocaf, lama fermentas

Mycotoxin Contamination on Corn Used by Feed Mills in Indonesia

Mycotoxins which are secondary metabolites of fungi contaminate agricultural products such as corn and have deleterious effects on human and animal. The objective of this study was to evaluate the mycotoxin contamination on local and imported corn samples collected from different feed mills in Indonesia. Three hundred fifty six of corn samples (0.50 kg each) were sent by several feed mills to the Indonesian Research Institute for Animal Production during 2005-2006. The background information accompanied with each sample was country/province of origins, harvesting seasons, postharvest drying methods, moisture levels, grades, and varieties. The samples were analyzed for various mycotoxins, i.e aflatoxin (AFL), ochratoxin (OCRA), zearalenone (ZEN), fumonisin (FUM), deoxynivalenol (DON), and T2 toxin using commercial kits, except for AFL which was analysed using a kit developed by the Indonesian Research Center for Veterinary Science. The results showed that average AFL level in the contaminated corn originated from Indonesia was 59 µg kg-1, almost 7 times higher than that imported from the USA or Argentina. Among the types of mycotoxins detected, FUM was the highest with an average of 1193 µg kg-1, followed by DON, ZEN and OCRA at level of 324, 22 and 2 µg kg-1, respectively. Mycotoxin levels in the contaminated local corn samples varied depending on the province of origins as well as harvesting seasons, postharvest drying methods, and moisture contents. The least mycotoxin contaminations were found on corn originated from NorthSumatra and Lampung with the AFL levels were < 20 and < 50 µg kg-1, respectively, lower than those from East Java, Central Java and South Sulawesi (64-87 µg kg-1). Mycotoxin levels, however, were less affected by grading made by feed mills and corn varieties. It is indicated that AFL was the most important mycotoxin as far as for animal feeding concerned, as it contaminated almost 50% of local corn with the level of contamination above the Indonesian National Standard, i.e. 50 µg kg-1. The study suggests that postharvest methods of local corn must be improved to reduce mycotoxin contamination

Laju Pertumbuhan Zooplankton Diaphanosoma SP. Dengan Pemberian Pakan Kombinasi Fitoplankton Tetraselmis SP., Nannochloropsis SP. Dan Dunaliella SP. Di Laboratorium

Diaphanosoma sp. atau dikenal sebagai kutu laut, berpotensi sebagai pakan hidup untuk larva ikan dan udang karena siklus hidupnya relatif singkat sehingga memungkinkan untuk diproduksi secara masal. Untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian pakan kombinasi fitoplankton Tetraselmis sp., Nannochloropsis sp. dan Dunaliella sp terhadap laju pertumbuhan populasi Diaphanosoma sp. maka dilakukan serangkaian penelitian pada skala laboratorium dari bulan Maret sampai April 2013 di Laboratorium Pakan hidup Balai Besar Pengembangan Budidaya Laut Lampung dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan 4 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepadatan, 1064 Ind/L dan pertumbuhan populasi tertinggi, 87,634 %, terdapat pada kultur yang diberi pakan 50 %Tetraselmis sp. + 25 % Nannochloropsis sp. + 25 % Dunaliella sp.. Hasil analisis proksimat menunjukkan bahwa pakan kombinasi Tetraselmis sp. 50 % + Nannochloropsis sp. 25 % + Dunaliella sp. 25 % memiliki kandungan gizi yang paling baik yaitu protein 44,46 %, karbohidrat 10,34 % dan lemak 4,21 %

Microbial Population and Fermentation Characteristic in Response to Sapindus rarak Mineral Block Supplementation

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of supplementation with lerak extract combined with mineral block on protozoal and bacterial population, and fermentation characteristic in vitro. The experimental design was completely randomized block design with 3 treatments and 4 replications. Control diet was a substrate that consisted of concentrate, forage and feed block with ratio 50 : 48 : 2, respectively.  The treatments as a substrate were: control diet (C), C + 0.09% lerak extract, and C + 0.18% lerak extract from the total ration. Variables observed were protozoal and bacterial population, dry matter and organic matter degradability, N-NH3 and total volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The result showed that there were no significant effect (P>0.05) for all parameter measured with lerak extract supplementation up to 0.18% in the presence of mineral block. However, supplementation of lerak extract 0.18% only slightly reduced protozoal numbers but tended to increase bacterial numbers. Dry matter and organic matter degradability and concentration of N-NH3 were similar among treatments. Volatile fatty acids profile changed which propionate tended to increase and acetate tended to decrease and ratio of acetate to propionate tended to decrease. In conclusion, addition of lerak extract up to 0.18% from total ration in the presence of mineral block  was not yet effective to depress protozoal population, but could modify fermentation characteristic in vitro.

Garapan Penyajian Upacara Siraman Calon Pengantin Adat Sunda Grup Swari Laksmi Kabupaten Bandung

Penelitian “Garapan Penyajian Upacara Siraman Calon Pengantin Adat Sunda Grup Swari Laksmi Kabupaten Bandung”, bertujuan memaparkan struktur penyajian dan tekstualitas lagu. Latar belakang permasalahan Swari Laksmi memiliki konsep garap tersendiri dalam penyajian upacara siraman adat Sunda.Metode yang digunakan deskriptif analisis melalui paradigma kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara, studi literatur, dan dokumentasi. Semua data yang terkumpul diolah dan dianalisis melalui reduksi, penyajian, verifikasi dan penyimpulan data. Temuan hasil tentang struktur penyajian upacara siraman adat Sunda dilaksanakan melalui tahapan: bubuka yaitu calon pengantin diais sang ibu menuju tempat ngaras, inti melaksanakan ngaras, sungkem dan siraman, penutup diakhiri dengan calon pengantin digendong sang ayah dan suapan puncak manik. Tekstualitas lagu yang digunakan merupakan lagu yang sudah ada, dipilih, dan pada pelaksanaannya sebagian rumpaka lagu dirubah, disesuaikan dengan pesan dan makna yang terkandung dalam setiap tahapan upacara siraman, yaitu lagu Cacandran, Ayun Ambing, Pangapungan, Budak Ceurik, dan Nimang

Gambaran Status Gizi pada Pasien Tuberkulosis Paru (Tb Paru) yang Menjalani Rawat Inap di RSUD Arifin Achmad Pekanbaru

Tuberculosis (TB) is still one public health problem in the world. In2014, 9.6 million people fell ill with TB and 1.5 million died from the disease.Nutritional status is a state body as a result of food consumption and the use ofnutrients. TB may affect nutritional status then cause malnutrition andmalnutrition may increase TB progress. Undernutrition is prevalent in about 25-40% of hospitalized patient and is associated with higher care complexity, longerlength of stay, and increased morbidity and mortality. This study was usingdescriptive methods with cross sectional approached. The sampling techniqueused minimal sampling. The study was held on February – March 2016 withnumber of sample is 36 person whom pulmonary tuberculosis inpatient atpulmonary hospitalization room of Arifin Achmad general hospital. The result ofthe study is characteristic based on gender showed 26 (72,2%) persons are male,24 (66,7%) persons are 18-55 years old. Characteristic based on occupationshowed 9 (25%) persons were unemployment. 22 (61,1%) persons is alreadyconsume OAT less than 2 months and 19 ( 52.8 % ) persons had a decrease inappetite . Most nutritional status based on BMI is underweight by 22 ( 61.1 % )persons , most nutritional status based on LLA was 15 ( 41.7 % ) personsclassified as malnutrition and highest MUST score was 31 ( 86.1 % ) personsclassified as high risk