111,223 research outputs found
Structural and electronic properties of MgO nanotube clusters
Finite magnesium oxide nanotubes are investigated. Stacks of four parallel
squares, hexagons, octagons, and decagons are constructed and studied by the
pseudopotential density functional theory within the local-density
approximation. Optimized structures are slightly distorted stacks of polygons.
These clusters are insulators and the band gap of 8.5 eV is constant over an
investigated range of the diameters of stacked polygonal rings. Using the
L"owdin population analysis a charge transfer towards the oxygen atoms is
estimated as 1.4, which indicates that the mixed ionocovalent bonding exists in
investigated MgO nanotubes
An improved algorithm for evaluating trellis phase codes
A method is described for evaluating the minimum distance parameters of trellis phase codes, including CPFSK, partial response FM, and more importantly, coded CPM (continuous phase modulation) schemes. The algorithm provides dramatically faster execution times and lesser memory requirements than previous algorithms. Results of sample calculations and timing comparisons are included
Gauge invariant action at the ultraviolet cutoff
We show that it is possible to formulate a gauge theory starting from a local
action at the ultraviolet (UV) momentum cutoff which is BRS invariant. One has
to require that fields in the UV action and the fields in the effective action
are not the same but related by a local field transformation. The few relevant
parameters involved in this transformation (six for the gauge theory),
are perturbatively fixed by the gauge symmetry.Comment: 5 pages, Latex, no figure
Saturn S-IB Stage assembly and test report, S-IB-1
Manufacture, assembly, and static tests of Saturn S-IB-1 stag
The Influence of Nuclear Composition on the Electron Fraction in the Post-Core-Bounce Supernova Environment
We study the early evolution of the electron fraction (or, alternatively, the
neutron-to-proton ratio) in the region above the hot proto-neutron star formed
after a supernova explosion. We study the way in which the electron fraction in
this environment is set by a competition between lepton (electron, positron,
neutrino, and antineutrino) capture processes on free neutrons and protons and
nuclei. Our calculations take explicit account of the effect of nuclear
composition changes, such as formation of alpha particles (the alpha effect)
and the shifting of nuclear abundances in nuclear statistical equilibrium
associated with cooling in near-adiabatic outflow. We take detailed account of
the process of weak interaction freeze-out in conjunction with these nuclear
composition changes. Our detailed treatment shows that the alpha effect can
cause significant increases in the electron fraction, while neutrino and
antineutrino capture on heavy nuclei tends to have a buffering effect on this
quantity. We also examine the effect on weak rates and the electron fraction of
fluctuations in time in the neutrino and antineutrino energy spectra arising
from hydrodynamic waves. Our analysis is guided by the Mayle & Wilson supernova
code numerical results for the neutrino energy spectra and density and velocity
profiles.Comment: 38 pages, AAS LaTeX, 8 figure
High-frequency high-voltage high-power DC-to-DC converters
The current and voltage waveshapes associated with the power transitor and the power diode in an example current-or-voltage step-up (buck-boost) converter were analyzed to highlight the problems and possible tradeoffs involved in the design of high voltage high power converters operating at switching frequencies in the range of 100 Khz. Although the fast switching speeds of currently available power diodes and transistors permit converter operation at high switching frequencies, the resulting time rates of changes of current coupled with parasitic inductances in series with the semiconductor switches, produce large repetitive voltage transients across the semiconductor switches, potentially far in excess of the device voltage ratings. The need is established for semiconductor switch protection circuitry to control the peak voltages appearing across the semiconductor switches, as well as to provide the waveshaping action require for a given semiconductor device. The possible tradeoffs, as well as the factors affecting the tradeoffs that must be considered in order to maximize the efficiency of the converters are enumerated
Exact renormalization group equations and the field theoretical approach to critical phenomena
After a brief presentation of the exact renormalization group equation, we
illustrate how the field theoretical (perturbative) approach to critical
phenomena takes place in the more general Wilson (nonperturbative) approach.
Notions such as the continuum limit and the renormalizability and the presence
of singularities in the perturbative series are discussed.Comment: 15 pages, 7 figures, to appear in the Proceedings of the 2nd
Conference on the Exact Renormalization Group, Rome 200
Analysis of transistor and snubber turn-off dynamics in high-frequency high-voltage high-power converters
Dc to dc converters which operate reliably and efficiently at switching frequencies high enough to effect substantial reductions in the size and weight of converter energy storage elements are studied. A two winding current or voltage stepup (buck boost) dc-to-dc converter power stage submodule designed to operate in the 2.5-kW range, with an input voltage range of 110 to 180 V dc, and an output voltage of 250 V dc is emphasized. In order to assess the limitations of present day component and circuit technologies, a design goal switching frequency of 10 kHz was maintained. The converter design requirements represent a unique combination of high frequency, high voltage, and high power operation. The turn off dynamics of the primary circuit power switching transistor and its associated turn off snubber circuitry are investigated
Axial anomalies in gauge theory by exact renormalization group method
The global chiral symmetry of a gauge theory is studied in the
framework of renormalization group (RG). The theory is defined by the RG flow
equations in the infrared cutoff \L and the boundary conditions for the
relevant couplings. The physical theory is obtained at \L=0. In our approach
the symmetry is implemented by choosing the boundary conditions for the
relevant couplings not at the ultraviolet point \L=\L_0\to\infty but at the
physical value \L=0. As an illustration, we compute the triangle axial
anomalies.Comment: 11 pages + 1 appended EPS figure, LaTeX, UPRF 94-39
Organic slug control using Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita
Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita is a lethal slug parasitic nematode that has been formulated into an effective biological control agent called Nemaslug®. We investigated the possibility of using different application methods of P. hermaphrodita to reduce cost and the number of nematodes applied. We also compared P. hermaphrodita with a new slug pellet called Ferramol®, which is available for use on organic farms
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