Apartment Rents and Locations in Portland, Oregon: 1992 – 2002

This research examines changes in the apartment-rent gradient of Portland, Oregon from 1992 to 2002. The findings indicate that increased population growth has caused real increases in apartment rents across the metropolitan area. The largest increases have occurred closer to the city center and at the beltway. The fixed supply of land coupled with increasing population has resulted in a wealth transfer from renters to landlords. Major freeway intersections, which ten years before were just evolving into new urban sub-centers, now have a statistically significant impact on land values within a six-mile radius of the intersection.

Syntheses and DNA Interactions of Acridine and Phenothiazine Based Photosensitizers

Photosensitizing molecules and/or metal complexes that interact with DNA via intercalation and groove binding have potential applications as molecular structural probes, as footprinting reagents and in photodynamic therapeutics. To this regard, small molecules that bind to DNA and the energetics involved in these interactions, acridine-based therapeutics, photosensitization, photodynamic therapy, phenothiazine-mediated photosensitization, DNA photocleavage reaction mechanisms and photosensitizing metal complexes are introduced in Chapter I. Next, in Chapter II, the synthesis of a photonuclease consisting of a 3,6-acridinediamine chromophore attached to four metal-coordinating imidazole rings is described. The DNA photocleavage yields, emission quantum yields, and thermal denaturation studies by this acridine-imadazole conjugate in the presence of 16 metal salts are also reported. In Chapter III is the synthesis of a bisacridine covalently tethered to a copper(II)-binding pyridine linker. Additionally, DNA photocleavage studies as well as DNA binding affinity and binding mode(s) of this bisacridine incorporating the copper(II)-binding pyridine linker are examined. The syntheses, characterization, DNA photocleavage studies, DNA thermal denaturation, and viscometric measurements of three new phenothiazinium photosensitizers are described in Chapters IV and V. Collectively, markedly enhanced DNA photocleavage yields are observed in the presence of metals (Chapters II-III) or in comparison to a parent molecule, Chapters II and IV. DNA melting isotherms show higher levels of duplex stabilization with the acridines, specifically in the presence of several metals (Chapter II-III) as well as with the phenothiazine-based ligands (Chapters IV-V). Moreover, different DNA binding modes were observed depending on metal complexation (Chapter III) and nucleic acid structure (Chapter IV). Finally, Chapter VI describes a small project implemented as a National Science Foundation pedagogical laboratory exercise in which a non-invasive procedure for DNA isolation from human cheek cells was utilized with the polymerase chain reaction to amplify alleles encoding a single nucleotide polymorphism involved in normal human color vision

Shaman, Sage, Priest, Prophet and Magician: Exploring the Architecture of the Religious Wise Man

Little attention has been given to the archetype of the wise old man, both by Carl G. Jung and by contemporary scholars indebted to his methodology. This is especially relevant when compared to other common Jungian archetypes such as the ‘hero’, the ‘mother’ and the ‘trickster.’ As such, the wise man can be viewed as a neglected or overlooked figure whose image is so familiar and recognisable that his purpose and representations have not currently received the depth of analysis and explanation that has been given to other archetypal images. This thesis identifies the religious wise man as an important figure within the contexts of culture and religion. Its aim is to not only to explore the ‘archetype’ of the wise man, but to go beyond that rather superficial – and indeed, academically problematic – notion, and determine what I term the ‘architecture’ of the wise man. This architecture consists of the structural elements (social, institutional, historical) and identifiers (costume, calling, education), that separate the wise man, and in particular the religious wise man, from other male ‘archetypal’ figures. In using the term ‘architecture’ I aim to identify the arrangement of concrete elements and characteristics - rather than psychological or inner ‘essences’ - which are significant in the construction and maintenance of the religious wise man figure in specific cultural contexts. The dissertation presents five possible categories of the religious wise man - the shaman, sage, priest, prophet and magician – identifying common elements and distinguishing features that may then be redesigned and adapted in different and unique forms appropriate to each manifestation of the religious wise man. Once these key characteristics are identified, they create a schema that can be employed to classify a range of religious wise man figures into the appropriate category

Repeat Migration in the United States: A Comparison of Black, Hispanic, and White Return and Onward Migrants

The primary objective of this study is to examine U.S. repeat migration for blacks, Hispanics, and whites. It investigates the relationships and patterns of these different racial/ethnic groups utilizing the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 (NLSY79). Repeat migration within and across categories of individual characteristics for blacks, Hispanics, and whites, is compared in order to determine if there are differences in the overall rates of repeat migration for these groups, once other factors are controlled. To do this several statistical procedures are utilized, and the results of selected descriptive and logistic analyses are presented. The descriptive statistics control for race/ethnicity and examine patterns within the groups; these findings display important relationships to onward and return migration. The inferential statistical method employed is logistic regression for the sample as a whole, which examines the effects across the groups, and the direction of migration. Where past research has not investigated the complexities of repeat migration in combination with race/ethnicity, there are several notable results from this study. Specifically, this research finds that in terms of onward migration, whites are significantly more likely to move onward than are blacks or Hispanics even after controlling for key socioeconomic factors. Changes in marital status are significantly related to migration, and to the direction of repeat migration; individuals who change from single to married are likely to be onward migrants, whereas those who change from married to single are likely to be return migrants. This study finds there are differences in rates of return migration by level of education for racial/ethnic groups. Moreover, the relationship between onward migration and employment status is different for Hispanics than blacks and whites

Propensities for return migration for race/ethnic groups across nonmetropolitan and metropolitan counties

Working PaperLeaving a community is generally a difficult undertaking for a family or individual. Yet five percent or 15 million Americans leave one county to live in another yearly (http://www.census.gov.) Prior research has shown that repeat migration makes up a large share of these migrations. Although a rich body of research emerged on repeat migration (Goldstein 1952; DaVanzo and Morrison 1981) little recent research has built on this important area of migration investigation. DaVanzo and Morrison (1981) distinguished between two forms of repeat migration, return and onward respectively. Onward migration entails movement to a community in which the migrant had not previously lived whereas return migration involves going back to a prior place of residence. This research focuses on return migration. We are above all interested in comparing propensities of return migration for Hispanics, Blacks and non-Hispanic White. Comparisons of the repeat migration of these groups are lacking, particularly with panel data

A COMPARISON OF FIRST-SEMESTER ORGANIC CHEMISTRY STUDENTS’ EXPERIENCES AND MASTERY OF CURVED-ARROW FORMALISM IN FACE-TO-FACE AND CYBER PEER-LED TEAM LEARNING

The cyber Peer-Led Team Learning (cPLTL) workshops are a synchronous online adaptation of the educational intervention PLTL, in which students, under the guidance of undergraduate peer facilitators, collaboratively solve problems in small groups. The purpose of this parallel convergent mixed methods study was to assess the impact of implementing cPLTL in an organic chemistry course on students’ workshop experiences, performance, and development of curved arrow formalism skills. Statistical analyses revealed comparable attendance rates, distribution of course grades, and achievement on American Chemical Society First-semester Organic Chemistry Exams. However, plotting workshop grades by AB, C, and DFW grade groupings revealed that PLTL students earned more successful grades than their cPLTL counterparts. Utilization of a new curved arrow formalism analytic framework for coding student interview artifacts revealed that cPLTL students were statistically less likely to successfully draw the product suggested by the curved arrows than their PLTL classmates. Both PLTL and cPLTL students exhibited a comparable incidence of relational to instrumental learning approaches. Similarly, both PLTL and cPLTL students were more likely to exhibit a common Scheme for Problem-Solving in Organic Chemistry (SPOC) than having dialogue that could be characterized by Toulmin’s Argumentation scheme. Lastly, implications for faculty are suggested, including: developing more explicit connections concept, mode, and reasoning components of understanding curved arrow formalism for organic chemistry students; optimizing graphical collaborative learning activities for online learners; and developing online students’ sense of community

Making the Connection for Reading Teachers Between Authentic Assessment Practices and Qualitative Research Techniques.

In the manuscript an attempt has been made to show a connection between many authentic assessment practices and qualitative research techniques in the hope that as reading teachers understand these connections, it may help them in their authentic assessment endeavors. Teachers may expand their usage of authentic assessment after discovering the similarities, or seek opportunities to learn more about qualitative research, thus capitalizing on the strengths of both. While we want to be careful not to betray the analytic complexity of qualitative research and confuse it with the practical complexity of teaching and authentic assessment, we believe that sometimes an awareness of an issue can change our paradigms thereby opening our minds to new ways of thinking. These new ways of thinking can then provide us with further explorations

Why misinformation is more likely to be recognized over time : a source monitoring account

Accepted ManuscriptAlthough memory for actual events tends to be forgotten over time, memory for misinformation tends to be retrieved at a stable rate over long delays or at a rate greater than that found immediately after encoding. To examine whether source monitoring errors contribute to this phenomenon, two experiments investigated subjects’ memory for the source of misinformation at different retention intervals. Subjects viewed a slide presentation, read a narrative containing misinformation, and, either 10 minutes or 1 week later, completed a recognition test about details seen in the slides and about the source of these details. After the longer retention interval in both experiments, participants were more likely to agree that they had seen misleading information and were also more likely to incorrectly associate the misinformation with the slide event. Theoretical implications of these findings are considered.Frost, P., Ingraham, M., & Wilson, B. (2002). Why misinformation is more likely to be recognised over time: A source monitoring account. Memory, 10(3), 179-185. doi:10.1080/0965821014300031

Examining Elementary Teachers\u27 Sense of Efficacy in three settings in the Southeast

This study was conducted to investigate if teachers at urban, rural and suburban elementary schools differ significantly in their sense of self efficacy. The schools utilized for this research are located in the southeastern United States. Along with being in different geographic areas the schools are also different in their socioeconomic make-up and status. The Teachers’ Sense of Efficacy (TSES) created by Tschannen-Moran and Woolfolk Hoy, was utilized. The authors found that, overall, the teachers at the urban elementary school displayed significantly lower scores on the TSES than did the suburban and rural schools. The implications for further research are to conduct a qualitative study of the teachers in the urban setting to delve deeper into their lower sense of efficacy in the classroom