73 research outputs found
Sagittal wedging of intervertebral discs and vertebral bodies in the cervical spine and their associations with age, sex and cervical lordosis: A large-scale morphological study
AbstractMany recent studies have focused on the functional and clinical importance of cervical lordosis. However, there is little accurate knowledge of the anatomical parameters that constitute cervical lordosis (i.e., the sagittal wedging angles of intervertebral discs and vertebral bodies) and their associations with age and sex. Standing lateral cervical radiographs of 1020 subjects (424 males, 596 females) with a mean age of 36.6â±â17.0âyears (range 7â95âyears) were evaluated retrospectively. Cervical lordosis, the sum of intervertebral disc wedging angles from C2/C3 to C6/C7 and the sum of vertebral body wedging angles from C3 to C7 were measured. The sum of intervertebral disc wedging and the sum of vertebral body wedging were 20.6°â±â14.7° and â12.8°â±â10.3°, respectively. The sum of intervertebral disc wedging increased significantly with age and was significantly greater in males than females, whereas there was no sexârelated difference in the sum of vertebral body wedging. The sum of intervertebral disc wedging was negatively correlated with sum of vertebral body wedging. Wedging of discs contributed to C2âC7 cervical lordosis more significantly than wedging of vertebral bodies. There were moderate positive correlations between cervical lordosis and intervertebral disc wedging angles at C3/C4, C4/C5 and C5/C6; weak correlations were observed at C2/C3 and C6/C7. This study constitutes the largest currently available analysis comprehensively documenting the anatomical characteristics of sagittal wedging of intervertebral discs and vertebral bodies in the cervical spine. The findings could improve understanding of the internal architecture of cervical lordosis among clinicians
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Polymerizing Like Mussels Do: Toward Synthetic Mussel Foot Proteins and Resistant Glues
A novel strategy to generate adhesive protein analogues by enzyme-induced polymerization of peptides is reported. Peptide polymerization relies on tyrosinase oxidation of tyrosine residues to Dopaquinones, which rapidly form cysteinyldopa-moieties with free thiols from cysteine residues, thereby linking unimers and generating adhesive polymers. The resulting artificial protein analogues show strong adsorption to different surfaces, even resisting hypersaline conditions. Remarkable adhesion energies of up to 10.9â
mJâmâ2 are found in single adhesion events and average values are superior to those reported for mussel foot proteins that constitute the gluing interfaces
Theory as a driving force to understand reactions on nanoparticles: general discussion
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Effects of Anacetrapib in Patients with Atherosclerotic Vascular Disease
BACKGROUND:
Patients with atherosclerotic vascular disease remain at high risk for cardiovascular events despite effective statin-based treatment of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels. The inhibition of cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) by anacetrapib reduces LDL cholesterol levels and increases high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels. However, trials of other CETP inhibitors have shown neutral or adverse effects on cardiovascular outcomes.
METHODS:
We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial involving 30,449 adults with atherosclerotic vascular disease who were receiving intensive atorvastatin therapy and who had a mean LDL cholesterol level of 61 mg per deciliter (1.58 mmol per liter), a mean non-HDL cholesterol level of 92 mg per deciliter (2.38 mmol per liter), and a mean HDL cholesterol level of 40 mg per deciliter (1.03 mmol per liter). The patients were assigned to receive either 100 mg of anacetrapib once daily (15,225 patients) or matching placebo (15,224 patients). The primary outcome was the first major coronary event, a composite of coronary death, myocardial infarction, or coronary revascularization.
RESULTS:
During the median follow-up period of 4.1 years, the primary outcome occurred in significantly fewer patients in the anacetrapib group than in the placebo group (1640 of 15,225 patients [10.8%] vs. 1803 of 15,224 patients [11.8%]; rate ratio, 0.91; 95% confidence interval, 0.85 to 0.97; P=0.004). The relative difference in risk was similar across multiple prespecified subgroups. At the trial midpoint, the mean level of HDL cholesterol was higher by 43 mg per deciliter (1.12 mmol per liter) in the anacetrapib group than in the placebo group (a relative difference of 104%), and the mean level of non-HDL cholesterol was lower by 17 mg per deciliter (0.44 mmol per liter), a relative difference of -18%. There were no significant between-group differences in the risk of death, cancer, or other serious adverse events.
CONCLUSIONS:
Among patients with atherosclerotic vascular disease who were receiving intensive statin therapy, the use of anacetrapib resulted in a lower incidence of major coronary events than the use of placebo. (Funded by Merck and others; Current Controlled Trials number, ISRCTN48678192 ; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01252953 ; and EudraCT number, 2010-023467-18 .)
Inhaltsverzeichnis und Vorwort:In: Religion â Imagination â Ăsthetik : Vorstellungs- und Sinneswelten in Religion und Kultur
Der Sammelband "Religion â Imagination â Ăsthetik" nimmt Imagination als bislang zu Unrecht vernachlĂ€ssigte religiöse und religionswissenschaftliche SchlĂŒsselkategorie in den Blick. Zugrunde gelegt ist die These 'Keine Religion ohne Imagination', denn beiden eignet die Kraft, Sinneswelten in Sinnsysteme zu ĂŒberfĂŒhren und Sinnsysteme in Sinneswelten zu ĂŒbersetzen. Erstmals wird das enge VerhĂ€ltnis von Religion und Imagination bearbeitet â mit einem Hauptfokus auf ihr Wechselspiel mit der Ăsthetik, den der Sinneswahrnehmung zugĂ€nglichen Verkörperungen und Medien. Vorwort und Einleitung fĂŒhren in diese Programmatik ein. Das Inhaltsverzeichnis bietet einen Ăberblick ĂŒber die BeitrĂ€ge und vier Teile des Bandes (Imaginationstechniken, ImaginationsrĂ€ume, Imaginationspolitiken, Imaginationsgeschichte), die in groĂer inhaltlicher und theoretischer Breite die zentrale Rolle von Imagination und ihrer sinnlichen Verkörperungen in unterschiedlichen Religionskulturen belegen
Impacts and Exponents of Advaita-vedÄnta in the Western World â An Interactional Perspective
VielfĂ€ltige Rezeptionsprozesse und wechselseitige Transfers haben daran mitgewirkt, dass seit dem spĂ€ten 19. und frĂŒhen 20. Jahrhundert der Advaita-VedÄnta nicht nur zur indischen Philosophie und dem Vedanta schlechthin wurde, sondern auch zur Grundlage des Hinduismus und zum Hauptexponenten östlicher Mystik. Im Zentrum des Artikels stehen indische und deutsche Denker, die maĂgeblich daran beteiligt waren. Analysiert werden die ReprĂ€sentationen von Swami Vivekananda, Arthur Schopenhauer, Paul Deussen, Rudolf Otto, Hermann Hesse und Swami Chinmayananda, die als namhafte Mediatoren advaita-vedÄntisches Wissen im Westen verbreiteten und dabei je eigene Interessen und Programmatiken verfolgten
Einleitung:in: Religion â Imagination â Ăsthetik : Vorstellungs- und Sinneswelten in Religion und Kultur
Der Sammelband "Religion â Imagination â Ăsthetik" nimmt Imagination als bislang zu Unrecht vernachlĂ€ssigte religiöse und religionswissenschaftliche SchlĂŒsselkategorie in den Blick. Zugrunde gelegt ist die These 'Keine Religion ohne Imagination', denn beiden eignet die Kraft, Sinneswelten in Sinnsysteme zu ĂŒberfĂŒhren und Sinnsysteme in Sinneswelten zu ĂŒbersetzen. Erstmals wird das enge VerhĂ€ltnis von Religion und Imagination bearbeitet â mit einem Hauptfokus auf ihr Wechselspiel mit der Ăsthetik, den der Sinneswahrnehmung zugĂ€nglichen Verkörperungen und Medien. Vorwort und Einleitung fĂŒhren in diese Programmatik ein. Das Inhaltsverzeichnis bietet einen Ăberblick ĂŒber die BeitrĂ€ge und vier Teile des Bandes (Imaginationstechniken, ImaginationsrĂ€ume, Imaginationspolitiken, Imaginationsgeschichte), die in groĂer inhaltlicher und theoretischer Breite die zentrale Rolle von Imagination und ihrer sinnlichen Verkörperungen in unterschiedlichen Religionskulturen belegen.</p
Review of existing grading systems for cervical or lumbar disc and facet joint degeneration
Wurzeln in der Ferne schlagen: Die rechtliche und sozioökonomische Eingliederung tamilischer FlĂŒchtlinge in der Bundesrepublik
Salentin K. Wurzeln in der Ferne schlagen: Die rechtliche und sozioökonomische Eingliederung tamilischer FlĂŒchtlinge in der Bundesrepublik. In: Baumann M, Luchesi B, Wilke A, eds. Tempel und Tamilen in zweiter Heimat: Hindus aus Sri Lanka im deutschsprachigen und skandinavischen Raum. Reihe Religion in der Gesellschaft. Vol 15. WĂŒrzburg: Ergon; 2003: 75-97
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