5 research outputs found

    Improving Mental Wellbeing in Organizations with Targeted Psychosocial Interventions

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    Background: Mental wellbeing of employees is crucial for successful organizations. Psychosocial interventions that target highly contagious individuals (i.e., individuals that can ‘transmit’ their wellbeing to others) could efficiently improve overall wellbeing in the workplace. Objectives: Using the magnitudes of effects observed in existing studies on psychosocial interventions and the contagion of mental wellbeing, we aimed to examine how the wellbeing of a group (based on WHO-5 Well-Being Index scores) changes if interventions are provided to highly contagious people instead of randomly selected individuals. Methods/Approach: Based on the data on mental wellbeing of 414 nursing home employees, we created a social network that includes individual levels of wellbeing and the strength of the connection between people. Simulation-based influence-maximization was used on the network and interventions were interventions were provided to either contagious or randomly selected individuals. Results: Overall, mental wellbeing of the group increased slightly more when individuals had received a simulated psychosocial intervention in order of contagiousness compared to the cases in which interventions were provided to randomly selected individuals. Conclusions: Selectively targeting highly contagious individuals could be an efficient approach to improving wellbeing in organizations, especially in social contexts, where the contagion of mental wellbeing is likelier

    PERCEPTION AND EVALUATION OF (MODIFIED) WOOD BY OLDER ADULTS FROM SLOVENIA AND NORWAY

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    Background. Many building users prefer wood over other building materials, but it is unclear how modified wood is perceived compared to the unmodified wood. Additionally, it is unclear which material properties play a role in the general preference for wood, how tactile and tactile-visual perceptions of materials affect user preference for wood, and whether human preference for wood is consistent across countries and cultures with different wood use practices. Method. 100 older adults from Slovenia and Norway rated and ranked wooden materials (i.e., handrails) made of either unmodified or modified wood and a stainless-steel control sample. The materials were rated on a semantic differential scale (capturing sensory and affective attributes) by each participant twice: first while only touching the materials and then while simultaneously touching and seeing the materials. Finally, each participant ranked the handrails in order of preference. Results. Wooden handrails were generally more preferred than the steel sample. Preference ratings and rankings of modified wood were comparable to those of unmodified wood. Results were relatively consistent across both countries. Materials rated as liked were perceived as somewhat less cold, less damp, more usual, less artificial, more expensive, and less unpleasant. The ratings were fairly consistent between the tactile and tactile-visual task. Conclusions. In at least some indoor applications, certain types of modified wood could be used in place of unmodified wood, while meeting human aesthetical preferences. Certain visual and tactile properties can predict material preference and could be considered in the material design phase. Tactile experience is important in overall material perception and should not be overlooked. These findings seem to be stable across countries with different wood use practices

    Development of the school furniture suitability questionnaire (SFS-Q)

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    Conference abstract for The InnoRenew CoE International Conference 2021.Page 26

    Assosiasjonar mellom arbeidsrelaterte psykososiale faktorar og muskelskjelettlidingar hos norske besetningsmedlemmar

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    Background. Aircrew have high-risk occupations for musculoskeletal complaints (MSC), still there is limited recent knowledge of the prevalence of MSC in this occupational group. Furthermore, there is scarce knowledge about the relationship between work-related psychosocial factors and MSC in aircrew, and the potential differences between cabin crew and cockpit crew. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate differences in MSC and work-related psychosocial factors, and the associations between them, in the two groups. Method. In a cross-sectional study conducted in 2013, 843 aircrew members in the three major airline companies in Norway completed a questionnaire covering MSC in eight body sites (The Subjective Health Complaints Inventory), and eighteen workrelated psychosocial risk factors on individual, organizational and task level (QPS Nordic 34+). The associations between work-related psychosocial factors and MSC were investigated by multiple logistic regression analyses for cockpit and cabin crew separately. Results. Cabin crew reported a higher prevalence of all MSC, except for low back pain. The complaints reported most frequently in both occupational groups were low back pain, headache, neck pain and shoulder pain. Cabin crew reported higher levels of low positive challenge at work, low role clarity, high role conflict, low control of decisions, and high inequality, while cockpit crew reported higher levels of high learning demands, low control of work pacing, low support from coworkers, low support from friends, low perception of group work, and low innovative climate. The risk of reporting a high level of musculoskeletal complaints was significantly increased by reporting high quantitative demands, low social climate and high inequality in cockpit crew, and high role conflict and low control of decisions in cabin crew. Conclusions. The prevalence of musculoskeletal complaints was higher in cabin crew compared to cockpit crew. Musculoskeletal complaints were associated with different work-related psychosocial factors in cabin crew and cockpit crew, indicating that preventing musculoskeletal complaints in the two occupational groups requires different interventions. However, longitudinal studies on specific work-related psychosocial factors is needed to confirm the findings.Bakgrunn. Til tross for at besetningsmedlemmar har yrke med høg risiko for muskelskjelettlidingar (MSL), er det begrensa kunnskap om forekomsten av MSL i denne yrkesgruppa. Vidare er det lite kunnskap om høvet mellom arbeidsrelaterte psykososiale faktorar og MSL hos besetningsmedlemmar, samt potensielle skilnader mellom kabin- og cockpitpersonale. Føresegna med denne studien var derfor ü undersøke skilnader i MSL og arbeidsrelaterte psykososiale faktorar, samt assosiasjonane mellom dei, hos dei to yrkesgruppene. Metode. I ei tverrsnittstudie som vart utført i 2013, fylte 843 besetningsmedlemmar tilsett i dei tre største flyselskapa i Norge ut eit spørreskjema med spørsmül om MSL pü ütte stader pü kroppen (The Subjective Health Complaints Inventory), og atten arbeidsrelaterte psykososiale risikofaktorar pü individuelt-, organisatorisk- og oppgüvenivü (QPS Nordic 34+). Assosiasjonane mellom arbeidsrelaterte psykososiale faktorar og MSL vart utforska med logistiske regresjonsanalyser for cockpit- og kabinpersonale kvar for seg. Resultat. Kabinpersonale rapporterte høgare førekomst av alle MSL, med unntak av korsryggsmerter. Dei hyppigast rapporterte lidingane i begge yrkesgruppene, var korsryggsmerter, hovudverk, nakkesmerter og skuldersmerter. Kabinpersonale rapporterte høgare nivü av lüg positiv utfordring pü jobb, lüg rolleklürheit, høg rollekonflikt, lüg kontroll over avgjerder og høg ulikskap, medan cockpitpersonale rapporterte høgare nivü av høge lÌringskrav, lüg kontroll over arbeidstempo, lüg støtte frü medarbeidarar, lüg støtte frü vener, lüg oppfatning av gruppearbeid og lüg innovativt klima. Risikoen for ü rapportere høgt nivü av muskelskjelettlidingar auka signifikant ved rapportering kvantitative krav, lügt sosialt klima og høg ulikskap for cockpitpersonale, og høg rollekonflikt og lüg kontroll over avgjerder for kabinpersonale. Konklusjonar. Førekomsten av muskelskjelettlidingar var høgare hos kabinpersonale enn hos cockpitpersonale. Vidare var muskelskjelettlidingar assosiert med ulike arbeidsrelaterte psykososiale faktorar hos kabinpersonale og cockpitpersonale, noko som indikerer at førebygging av muskelskjelettlidingar krev ulike intervensjonar hos dei to yrkesgruppene. Like fullt er det behov for kohortstudier av spesifikke arbeidsrelaterte psykososiale faktorar for ü bekrefte resultata.M-FO

    Bruk av tre i helsebygg : ei kartleggingsstudie

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    Tre som bygningsmateriale gir eit positivt klimabidrag mellom anna ved å ta opp og lagre CO2 og auka ressursutnytting av tre som del av ein fornybar og sirkulær økonomi er eit internasjonalt satsingsområde. Resultat frå studiar av samanheng mellom bruk av tre i bygg og helserelaterte utfall indikerer at tre, som eit naturelement i innemiljøet, kan ha positiv effekt. Å dokumentere slike helsefremmande effektar vil gi trematerialar eit fortrinn og såleis kunne bidra til auka bruk av tre i offentlege rom. I prosjektet Tre og helse undersøker vi samanhengar mellom tre i helsebygg og helse og livskvalitet hos brukarar av bygningane. Første trinn var å kartlegge tre i helsebygg for å stadfeste i kor stor grad tre blir brukt i dag og om det hovudsakleg blir nytta i bærande konstruksjon eller interiør. Tre har blitt kartlagt ved 14 kommunale helsebygg i 10 kommunar. Ein forskar kartla bruk av tre i kvar type rom og til kvart bruksområde i interiøret. Kartleggingsmetoden vart kontinuerlig revidert under kartleggingsarbeidet. Institusjonane sjølve bidrog med informasjon om bruk av tre i bærande konstruksjon og utvendig kledning. Vi fant at tre er brukt i større grad i interiør enn i konstruksjon og kledning, og i møblar og små flater i større grad enn i veggar, golv og tak. Kartlegginga indikerer at det er rom for å auke bruken av tre i helsebygg betydeleg
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