Pembangunan model sistem sanitasi, perparitan dan pembentungan sebagai alat bahan bantu dalam subjek sistem sanitasi, perparitan dan pembentungan

Dengan perkembangan teknologi kini, salah satu pendekatan pengajaran yang baharu adalah menggunakan model. Kajian ini dijalankan untuk membangunkan satu model iaitu Model Sistem Sanitasi, Perparitan dan Pembentungan sebagai alat bahan bantu mengajar (ABBM) dalam subjek Sistem Sanitasi, Perparitan dan Pembentungan dalam kalangan guru dan pelajar dalam bidang Teknologi Pembinaan. Objektif kajian ini adalah membangunkan model Sistem Sanitasi, Perparitan dan Pembentungan yang sesuai dari segi bahan dan reka bentuk serta menguji kebolehfungsiannya sebagai ABBM bagi subjek Sistem Sanitasi, Perparitan dan Pembentungan. Data yang diperolehi dalam kajian ini pula adalah hasil analisis data yang dibuat menggunakan borang soal selidik. Analisis data dalam kajian ini secara manual dengan menggunakan kalkulator dan dipersembahkan dalam bentuk peratusan dan taburan kekerapan. Pengkaji telah memilih lima orang responden yang pakar dalam subjek Sistem Sanitasi, Perparitan dan Pembentungan untuk menjadi sampel kajian. Melalui hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahawa responden bersetuju bahawa model ini sesuai dibangunkan dan boleh digunakan sebagai ABBM dalam subjek Sistem Sanitasi, Perparitan dan Pembentunga

Effect of Nitrogen and Spacing in Growth, Yield and Quality of Celocia cristata

This study was carried out at the demonstration Farm of the Department of horticulture, College of Agricultural Studies during summer season. Experiment one: nitrogen (as urea)at level of 0,25 and 50kgN/fed fifteen days after transplanting of seedlings. Experiment two: manure added at the rate of 0,150 and 300kgN/fed during land preparation. The results revealed that, application of sources of nitrogen (urea or nitrogen) promoted growth of Celosia cristata .It gave the highest values of growth .addition(50kgN) of urea or 300kg/fed manure gave the best vegetative growth of Celosia cristata compared to 25kgN/fed of urea and 150kgs manure. High doses of both urea and manure delayed flowering in plant C.cristata. Moreover, flowers yield and quality, seed yield and quality were affected positively by addition of nitrogen. Increasing of plant spacing decreased plant height but increased number of branches/plant in the season .However, there were no significant effects on flower initiation of C. cristata. Maximum flowers yield and quality (number of flowers /plant or inflorescences, flower diameter and flower age) of celosia were recorded at spacing of 30and 40cm.Maximum number of seeds germination rate and uniformity of Celosia cristata were recorded at closer spacing (20,30cm)

Cubeb (Piper cubeba L.): nutritional value, phytochemical profiling and dermacosmeceutical properties

IntroductionCubeb, Piper cubeba L., has been used for centuries in traditional medicine and culinary practices, with a wide range of biological and pharmacological activities.ObjectiveHerein, we determined the phytochemical profile, mineral, fatty acids, and amino acid contents of P. cubeba berries and assessed the dermacosmeceutical properties of their water extract and essential oil (EO). These included assessing their antioxidant and antibacterial activities as well as their in vitro inhibitory activities against tyrosinase and elastase enzymes. In addition, molecular docking and molecular dynamics studies were performed on the major identified compounds of the EO.Results and discussionA total of forty-three compounds belonging to organic acids, phenolic acids and flavonoids were found in the water extract, while 36 volatile compounds were identified in the EO with Z-isoeugenol, dihydroeugenol, β-pinene, E-caryophyllene, and 1,8-cineole as major constituents. The berries were found to be rich in sodium and iron, have moderate zinc content along with low contents of total nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Amino acid analysis revealed a considerable concentration of isoleucine and phenylalanine, whereas 11,14,17-eicosatrienoic acid and linoleic acid were identified as the major fatty acids. In the DPPH and FRAP assays, the water extract elicited considerable antioxidant activity compared to the reference compounds. Enzyme inhibitory assays revealed that the EO had a potential to inhibit tyrosinase and elastase enzymes with IC50 values of 340.56 and 86.04 μg/mL, respectively. The water extract and EO completely inhibited the bacterial growth at MIC of 50 mg/mL and 20%, respectively. At sub-MIC concentrations, the extract and the EO substantially reduced the biofilm formation by up to 26.63 and 77.77%, respectively, as well as the swimming and swarming motilities in a dose-dependent manner. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics showed that the five main components of P. cubeba EO could be the major contributors to the elastase and tyrosinase inhibitory effect.ConclusionThis study emphasizes the promising potential of P. cubeba as a valuable source of natural compounds that can be utilized for the development of innovative pharmaceuticals, dietary supplements, and dermacosmeceutical agents

In COVID-19 Health Messaging, Loss Framing Increases Anxiety with Little-to-No Concomitant Benefits: Experimental Evidence from 84 Countries

The COVID-19 pandemic (and its aftermath) highlights a critical need to communicate health information effectively to the global public. Given that subtle differences in information framing can have meaningful effects on behavior, behavioral science research highlights a pressing question: Is it more effective to frame COVID-19 health messages in terms of potential losses (e.g., "If you do not practice these steps, you can endanger yourself and others") or potential gains (e.g., "If you practice these steps, you can protect yourself and others")? Collecting data in 48 languages from 15,929 participants in 84 countries, we experimentally tested the effects of message framing on COVID-19-related judgments, intentions, and feelings. Loss- (vs. gain-) framed messages increased self-reported anxiety among participants cross-nationally with little-to-no impact on policy attitudes, behavioral intentions, or information seeking relevant to pandemic risks. These results were consistent across 84 countries, three variations of the message framing wording, and 560 data processing and analytic choices. Thus, results provide an empirical answer to a global communication question and highlight the emotional toll of loss-framed messages. Critically, this work demonstrates the importance of considering unintended affective consequences when evaluating nudge-style interventions

A global experiment on motivating social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic

Finding communication strategies that effectively motivate social distancing continues to be a global public health priority during the COVID-19 pandemic. This cross-country, preregistered experiment (n = 25,718 from 89 countries) tested hypotheses concerning generalizable positive and negative outcomes of social distancing messages that promoted personal agency and reflective choices (i.e., an autonomy-supportive message) or were restrictive and shaming (i.e., a controlling message) compared with no message at all. Results partially supported experimental hypotheses in that the controlling message increased controlled motivation (a poorly internalized form of motivation relying on shame, guilt, and fear of social consequences) relative to no message. On the other hand, the autonomy-supportive message lowered feelings of defiance compared with the controlling message, but the controlling message did not differ from receiving no message at all. Unexpectedly, messages did not influence autonomous motivation (a highly internalized form of motivation relying on one’s core values) or behavioral intentions. Results supported hypothesized associations between people’s existing autonomous and controlled motivations and self-reported behavioral intentions to engage in social distancing. Controlled motivation was associated with more defiance and less long-term behavioral intention to engage in social distancing, whereas autonomous motivation was associated with less defiance and more short- and long-term intentions to social distance. Overall, this work highlights the potential harm of using shaming and pressuring language in public health communication, with implications for the current and future global health challenges

A global experiment on motivating social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic

Finding communication strategies that effectively motivate social distancing continues to be a global public health priority during the COVID-19 pandemic. This cross-country, preregistered experiment (n = 25,718 from 89 countries) tested hypotheses concerning generalizable positive and negative outcomes of social distancing messages that promoted personal agency and reflective choices (i.e., an autonomy-supportive message) or were restrictive and shaming (i.e. a controlling message) compared to no message at all. Results partially supported experimental hypotheses in that the controlling message increased controlled motivation (a poorly-internalized form of motivation relying on shame, guilt, and fear of social consequences) relative to no message. On the other hand, the autonomy-supportive message lowered feelings of defiance compared to the controlling message, but the controlling message did not differ from receiving no message at all. Unexpectedly, messages did not influence autonomous motivation (a highly-internalized form of motivation relying on one’s core values) or behavioral intentions. Results supported hypothesized associations between people’s existing autonomous and controlled motivations and self-reported behavioral intentions to engage in social distancing: Controlled motivation was associated with more defiance and less long-term behavioral intentions to engage in social distancing, whereas autonomous motivation was associated with less defiance and more short- and long-term intentions to social distance. Overall, this work highlights the potential harm of using shaming and pressuring language in public health communication, with implications for the current and future global health challenges

Clinical decision making ability of nursing students in a tertiary hospital.

Decision making in nursing is one of the most important skills nurses must apply and utilize in their nursing practice. The aim of this study was to determine the perception of clinical decision making ability among nursing students. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary hospital. A total of 54 nursing students were recruited using a modified version of Clinical Decision Making in Nursing Scale (CDMNS) adapted from Jenkins (1985). The findings showed good CDMNS score with mean and standard deviation of (124.24±12.713). The four sub-scales of CDMNS were: searching for alternative (33.24±4.821), canvassing (28.74±3.514), evaluation and re-evaluation (31.43±3.922), searching for information (30.83±4.765). Nineteen (35%) of the participants chose nursing as their first choice, whereas 35 participants (65%) did not. Thirthy seven (69%) participants were satisfied with their nursing competency, 17 (31%) were unsatisfied. There were significant differences between searching for alternatives, evaluation and re-evaluation, and nursing as their first choice (p=<0.05). There were also significant differences between searching for alternatives and satisfaction with nursing competency (p=<0.05). There was significant difference between education level and searching for alternatives and information (p=<0.05). The nursing students possessed adequate clinical decision making ability. Although most of the nursing students did not choose nursing as their first choice, they sought for alternatives and evaluated-reevaluated during their decision making process. Nursing students’ satisfaction also contributed to appropriate clinical decision making in the critical care setting

ASSESSMENT OF NUTRITIONAL STATUS AMONG STICKLERS

Introduction: Growth retardation in weight and height was reported among patients with sickle cell anemia (SCA).The growth retardation, delayed sexual development and poor immunologic response are possibly due to the under nutritional state associated with the disease. The active metabolic state observed in sicklers is due to an increase in the synthesis of Hb, cardiac work, cell turnover, and a decrease in appetite and intake. Objectives: Tto compare anthropometric measurement (weight, height and body mass index (BMI) ) between sicklers and normal children and to study factors related to the nutritional status of sicklers. Patients and methods: This comparative hospital based study based study done among sicklers and control group using a questionnaire. Results: Stunted weight (less than 3rd centile) was observed in 49 (56.3%) sicklers compared to 9(11.4%) controls, 38(43.7%) sicklers and 51(64.6%) controls had their weight in the range between 5th-95th centile while 30(34.5%) sicklers and 7(8.9%) controls had their height less than 5th centile. A total of 40(46%) sicklers and 53(67.1%) control had a height outside the range of than 5th-95th percentile ,however it was observed that 17(19.5%) sicklers had their height more than 95th compared to 19(24%) controls. BMI was recorded as less than 5thin 51(58.7%) of the sicklers compared to7(8.9%) in the controls. Children from low social class were recorded in79.6%, 63.3% and 78.4%of weight, height and BMI stunting respectively .Finally stunting in weight, height and BMI was more obvious in older children. Conclusion: Most of sickle cell anemia patients had weight and body mass index retardation, this problem was mostly observed towards adolescent age