Strengths-based group supervision: Restoring child and adolescent-centered social work team meetings

Child mental health social workers are inundated on a daily basis with complex family dynamics. Burn-out and cynicism towards change become frequent. Strengths-based group supervision is a client-based alternative to the “team meeting as usual” approach and combats some of the challenges workers often experience. Strengths-based group supervision is based on The Strengths Model, a case management model with four distinct components. The Model has been implemented in adult mental health settings and recently has been adapted for work with youth with mental illness. This paper describes strengths-based group supervision and discusses it’s applicability to different child serving systems

Application of Occupation-Based Models to Edward of Edward Scissorhands: OA and EHP Models

This presentation examines the character Edward Scissorhands, a young adult with hand deformities and poor social skills, through the lens of the Ecological Human Performance (EHP) Model. We propose occupational therapy interventions based off of the EHP model. Through the use of establishing social skills training, as well as adapting and modifying Edward’s hands with tips and attachments, Edward’s life could be immensely improvedhttps://soar.usa.edu/casmfall2019/1007/thumbnail.jp

Scalability of CO2 stripping efficiency from bench (3 L) to pilot scale (200 L) for supporting intensified bioprocesses

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The Structural Evolution of Galaxies at z < 7

This thesis utilises all five fields of the CANDELS survey to probe galaxy evolution out to redshift z ∼ 7 in the context of size, surface brightness, and structure. Both the optical and ultraviolet (UV) rest-frames are used depending on the context. We present a size analysis of a sample of ∼ 49,000 galaxies from the CANDELS GOODS-North and GOODS-South fields using redshift-independent relative surface brightness metrics to determine an unbiased measure of the differential size evolution of galaxies at 1 3) images that makes use of the Lyman break at 912 Å, in what we call `2D Lyman-break Imaging'. The images used are in the rest-frame optical at z 3. We separately consider a mass-selected sample (with masses in the range 10^9Mסּ < M* < 10^{10.5}Mסּ) and a number density-selected sample (using a constant number density of n = 1 x 10-4 Mpc-3). We use the redshift-independent Petrosian radius as a proxy for size. We use different definitions of the Petrosian radius to measure the inner and outer radii to determine where size change occurs within a galaxy. The evolution of the measured size can be described by a power-law of the form RPetr = α(1+z) kpc where β < 0. We find that the outer radius increases more rapidly, suggesting that as a galaxy grows, mass is added to its outer regions via an inside-out growth mechanism. This growth is stronger for the number density selected sample, with the outer radii changing by a factor of ∼ 3.4 compared to ∼ 2.6 for the inner radii. We test and confirm these results using a series of image simulations. Next, we investigate the rest-frame UV surface brightness (SB) evolution of galaxies up to z ∼ 6 using a variety of deep Hubble Space Telescope (HST) imaging. We find a very strong evolution in the intrinsic SB distribution with a decrease of 4-5 mag arcsec-2 between z = 6 to z = 1. This change is much larger than expected in terms of the evolution in UV luminosity, sizes or dust extinction and we demonstrate that this evolution is `unnatural' and due to selection biases. We also find no strong correlation between mass and UV SB and thus, deep HST imaging is unable to discover all of the most massive galaxies in the distant universe. Through simulations we show that only ∼ 16% of galaxies that we can detect at z = 2 would be detected at high-z. We furthermore explore possible origins of high SB galaxies at high-z by investigating the relationship between intrinsic SB and star formation rates. We conclude that ultra-high SB galaxies are produced by very gas rich dense galaxies which are in a unique phase of evolution, possibly produced by mergers. Analogues of such galaxies do not exist in the relatively nearby universe. Finally, we explore the quantitative non-parametric structural evolution of ∼ 16,000 galaxies up to z ∼ 3 in all five CANDELS fields. A fundamental feature of galaxies is their structure and how this evolves, yet we are just now deriving this evolution in quantitative ways. Our goal is to investigate how the structure changes with time with a focus on how the concentration and asymmetry of light evolve in the rest-frame optical. To interpret our galaxy structure measurements, we also run and analyse 300 simulation realisations from IllustrisTNG to determine the timescale of mergers for the CAS system. We measure that from z = 0-3, the median asymmetry merger timescale is 0.56^{+0.23}_{-0.18} Gyr, and find it does not vary with redshift. Using these data, we find that galaxies become progressively asymmetric at a given mass at higher redshifts and we derive merger rates which scale as ∼ (1+z)^{1.87\pm0.04}$Gyr$^{-1}, which agrees well with recent machine learning and galaxy pair approaches, removing previous inconsistencies. We also show that far-infrared selected galaxies that are invisible to HST have a negligible effect on our measurements. Furthermore, we find that galaxies are more concentrated at higher redshifts. This is interpreted as a sign of how their formation occurs from a smaller initial galaxy that later grows into a larger one through mergers, consistent with the size growth of galaxies from 'inside-out', suggesting that the centres are the oldest parts of most galaxies

Strengths Model for Youth: Moving toward a Client-Centered, Strengths-based Model of Case Management in Community Mental Health

Approximately 13 to 20% of U.S. children and adolescents experience a mental disorder in a given year (Perou et al., 2013), with only half of these youth receiving mental health care (Kataoka, Zhang, & Wells, 2002; Merikangas, Nakamura, & Kessler, 2009). Even when children do access mental health services, approximate- ly 40% to 60% discontinue before completing their treatment (Baruch, Vrouva, & Fearon, 2009; Hoste, Zaitsoff, Hewell & le Grange, 2007; Miller, Southam-Gerow & Allin, 2008; Oruche, Downs, Holloway, Draucker & Aalsma, 2014). These statistics highlight the critical need for identification and implementation of effective child and family interventions for the mental health service system. Case management is a widely offered service within the children’s mental health system, but there is a scarcity of literature and research on models of case management and their effec- tiveness. This chapter introduces one model of case management, Strengths Model for Youth, and summarizes the current evidence on its effectiveness

Relationships Among Occupation/Activity Patterns, Health and Stress Perceptions, and Life Orientation in Well Adults

Background: This study examined the relationships among activity choices, perceived health, stress, and life orientation (optimism-pessimism) in a general population of 675 healthy adults ranging in age from 18-91 years. The objective was to examine assumptions that occupational scientists and practitioners hold regarding the relationships among health factors and engagement in activities/occupations. Method: The study used four self-report measures, including a customized activity card sort that asked participants about both healthy and unhealthy activity patterns. Responses were then compared with the participants’ perceptions of overall health, stress levels, and degrees of optimism and pessimism (life orientation). Results: Major findings confirmed that being engaged in more activities overall is aligned with more optimally perceived health, positive life orientation, and lower stress. However, participation in unhealthy activities negatively affected overall health, stress perception, and life orientation. The study also confirmed that women tend to have higher perceived stress than men and that caring for others is associated with more positive health ratings. Conclusion: The amount and type of activity participation appears to matter for even healthy individuals in terms of overall health, stress perception, and life orientation. This study confirms the importance of participating in a wide repertoire of activities and underscores the need for practitioners to ask clients about engagement in unhealthy activities as well as healthy ones

Increasing Student Engagement Through Opportunities to Respond

The evidence for providing sufficient opportunities for students to respond (OTR) has been established in terms of increasing student engagement while decreasing disruptive behavior. Although proven to be effective, teachers are demonstrating low rates of OTR across all grade levels and instructional content areas. Given the potential benefits of increasing OTR, it is critical that teachers find ways to increase the provision of OTR during instruction. This article will discuss the research behind providing sufficient OTR, examine the rate of OTR teachers are providing in schools in relation to optimal rates suggested by research, and provide strategies for increasing OTR during classroom instruction

Engaging rural residents in patient-centered health care research

Patient engagement is increasingly recognized as a critical component in improving health care. Yet, there remains a gap in our understanding of the intricacies of rural patient engagement in health-related research. This article describes the process of engaging rural patients, caregivers and broader stakeholders to actively participate in an exploratory effort to understand rural perspectives around the patient-centered medical home model. Highlights of the project’s engagement activities demonstrate how giving voice to rural residents can have a significant impact. Lessons learned point to the importance of six factors for successful engagement of rural residents as partners in health care research: building relationships, defining expectations, establishing communication guidelines, developing shared understanding, facilitating dialogue, and valuing contributions

Using a Token Economy Combined with a Mystery Motivator for a Student with Autism Exhibiting Challenging Behavior

A common characteristic of students with autism spectrum disorder is difficulty attending to and staying on task in classrooms, which can lead to inappropriate and/or disruptive behavior. Benefits of a token economy have been examined with various individuals but few have examined its effects with children with autism spectrum disorder. This study examined the effectiveness of a token economy combined with a mystery motivator in decreasing inappropriate behaviors displayed by a student with an autism spectrum disorder in a small group setting. Results indicated that the token reinforcement program was effective in decreasing the inappropriate behaviors displayed by the student

Surface Brightness Evolution of Galaxies in the CANDELS GOODS Fields up to z∼6z \sim 6: High-z Galaxies are Unique or Remain Undetected

We investigate the rest-frame Ultraviolet (UV, $\lambda\sim2000$\AA) surface brightness (SB) evolution of galaxies up to $z\sim6$ using a variety of deep Hubble Space Telescope imaging. UV SB is a measure of the density of emission from mostly young stars and correlates with an unknown combination of star formation rate, initial mass function, cold gas mass density, dust attenuation, and the size evolution of galaxies. In addition to physical effects, the SB is, unlike magnitude, a more direct way in which a galaxy's detectability is determined. We find a very strong evolution in the intrinsic SB distribution which declines as $(1+z)^{3}$, decreasing by 4-5 mag arcsec$^{-2}$ between $z=6$ to $z=1$. This change is much larger than expected in terms of the evolution in UV luminosity, sizes or dust extinction and we demonstrate that this evolution is 'unnatural' and due to selection biases. We also find no strong correlation between mass and UV SB. Thus, deep HST imaging is unable to discover all of the most massive galaxies in the distant universe. Through simulations we show that only $\sim15$\% of galaxies that we can detect at $z=2$ would be detected at high-$z$. We furthermore explore possible origins of high SB galaxies at high-$z$ by investigating the relationship between intrinsic SB and star formation rates. We conclude that ultra-high SB galaxies are produced by very gas rich dense galaxies which are in a unique phase of evolution, possibly produced by mergers. Analogues of such galaxies do not exist in the relatively nearby universe.Comment: Accepted for publication in AAS Journals (ApJ). 25 pages, 14 figure