The quality of different types of child care at 10 and 18 months. A comparison between types and factors related to quality.

The quality of care offered in four different types of non-parental child care to 307 infants at 10 months old and 331 infants at 18 months old was compared and factors associated with higher quality were identified. Observed quality was lowest in nurseries at each age point, except that at 18 months they offered more learning activities. There were few differences in the observed quality of care by child-minders, grandparents and nannies, although grandparents had somewhat lower safety and health scores and offered children fewer activities. Cost was largely unrelated to quality of care except in child-minding, where higher cost was associated with higher quality. Observed ratios of children to adults had a significant impact on quality of nursery care; the more infants or toddlers each adult had to care for, the lower the quality of the care she gave them. Mothers' overall satisfaction with their child's care was positively associated with its quality for home-based care but not for nursery settings

Staking a small claim for fictional narratives in social and educational research

The use of narrative has become widespread in social and educational research, as both the phenomenon under study and as a method of analysis. However, this general acceptance of narrative as focus of research may not extend to the use of fictional narratives and related genres such as semi-fiction and creative non-fiction, nor to use of novels as ‘data’. This article examines the uses of fiction as data, analytical tool and representational mode in social and educational research. The purpose is to present an overview of the current uses being made of these approaches, illustrating different facets of engagement with fictional narratives, and to consider what can be gained (and also perhaps what might be lost) through their adoption