The coastal environmental profile of Segara Anakan-Cilacap, South Java, Indonesia

Coastal zone, Coastal zone management, Environmental profile, Segara Anakan, Cilacap, Java, Indonesia,

Implications of shunt morphology for the surgical management of extrahepatic portosystemic shunts

Objectives: To describe the implications of extrahepatic portosystemic shunt morphology for 14 the chosen site of shunt closure in dogs and cats. Methods: A retrospective review of a consecutive series of dogs and cats managed for 16 congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunts was used. Results: In total 54 dogs and 10 cats met the inclusion criteria revealing five distinct shunt 18 types; left gastro-phrenic, right gastro-caval (types Ai, Aii and Aiii), spleno-caval, colo-caval 19 and left gastro-azygos. Without exception, findings of computed tomography angiography and 20 direct gross observations at the time of surgery confirmed four consistent sites of 21 communication between the anomalous shunting vessel and the systemic venous system; the 22 caudal vena cava at the level of the epiploic foramen, the left phrenic vein at the level of the 23 oesophageal hiatus, the azygos vein at the level of the aortic hiatus and the caudal vena cava 24 or iliac vein at the level of the sixth or seventh lumbar vertebrae. The use of intra-operative mesenteric portography was effective in confirming that at the time of surgery all portal 26 tributary vessels were proximal to the point of shunt attenuation. Conclusions: Findings confirmed that for the common types of extrahepatic portosystemic 28 shunts seen there were only four consistent sites of communication between the shunt and the 29 systemic venous system. This information supports the use of a systematic approach for 30 location and attenuation of shunts in dogs and cats

Implications of shunt morphology for the surgical management of extrahepatic portosystemic shunts

Objectives: To describe the implications of extrahepatic portosystemic shunt morphology for 14 the chosen site of shunt closure in dogs and cats. Methods: A retrospective review of a consecutive series of dogs and cats managed for 16 congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunts was used. Results: In total 54 dogs and 10 cats met the inclusion criteria revealing five distinct shunt 18 types; left gastro-phrenic, right gastro-caval (types Ai, Aii and Aiii), spleno-caval, colo-caval 19 and left gastro-azygos. Without exception, findings of computed tomography angiography and 20 direct gross observations at the time of surgery confirmed four consistent sites of 21 communication between the anomalous shunting vessel and the systemic venous system; the 22 caudal vena cava at the level of the epiploic foramen, the left phrenic vein at the level of the 23 oesophageal hiatus, the azygos vein at the level of the aortic hiatus and the caudal vena cava 24 or iliac vein at the level of the sixth or seventh lumbar vertebrae. The use of intra-operative mesenteric portography was effective in confirming that at the time of surgery all portal 26 tributary vessels were proximal to the point of shunt attenuation. Conclusions: Findings confirmed that for the common types of extrahepatic portosystemic 28 shunts seen there were only four consistent sites of communication between the shunt and the 29 systemic venous system. This information supports the use of a systematic approach for 30 location and attenuation of shunts in dogs and cats

Effects of domain walls on hole motion in the two-dimensional t-J model at finite temperature

The t-J model on the square lattice, close to the t-J_z limit, is studied by quantum Monte Carlo techniques at finite temperature and in the underdoped regime. A variant of the Hoshen-Koppelman algorithm was implemented to identify the antiferromagnetic domains on each Trotter slice. The results show that the model presents at high enough temperature finite antiferromagnetic (AF) domains which collapse at lower temperatures into a single ordered AF state. While there are domains, holes would tend to preferentially move along the domain walls. In this case, there are indications of hole pairing starting at a relatively high temperature. At lower temperatures, when the whole system becomes essentially fully AF ordered, at least in finite clusters, holes would likely tend to move within phase separated regions. The crossover between both states moves down in temperature as doping increases and/or as the off-diagonal exchange increases. The possibility of hole motion along AF domain walls at zero temperature in the fully isotropic t-J is discussed.Comment: final version, to appear in Physical Review

Scroll waves in isotropic excitable media : linear instabilities, bifurcations and restabilized states

Scroll waves are three-dimensional analogs of spiral waves. The linear stability spectrum of untwisted and twisted scroll waves is computed for a two-variable reaction-diffusion model of an excitable medium. Different bands of modes are seen to be unstable in different regions of parameter space. The corresponding bifurcations and bifurcated states are characterized by performing direct numerical simulations. In addition, computations of the adjoint linear stability operator eigenmodes are also performed and serve to obtain a number of matrix elements characterizing the long-wavelength deformations of scroll waves.Comment: 30 pages 16 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev.

Classification of portosystemic shunts entering the caudal vena cava at the omental foramen in dogs

ObjectiveTo re‐evaluate the anatomy and classification of congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunts entering the caudal vena cava at the level of the omental foramen.Material and MethodsA retrospective review of a consecutive series of dogs undergoing CT angiography as part of the diagnostic work‐up for a congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunt.ResultsIn total, 53 dogs met the inclusion criteria revealing four anatomically distinct omental foramen shunt types; one of which (32 of 53 dogs) showed no shunting blood flow through the right gastric vein and three of which (21 of 53 dogs) involved shunting flow through this vessel. The anatomy of these four distinct shunt types, as defined by CT angiography, was found to be highly consistent. In all cases, regardless of the tributary vessels, the left gastric vein was the final vessel that communicated with the caudal vena cava. Using these findings, a more accurate naming classification for congenital portosystemic shunts entering the caudal vena cava at the level of the omental foramen was proposed.Clinical SignificanceA precise pre‐treatment anatomical classification of congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunts entering the caudal vena cava at the level of the omental foramen is important for a more complete understanding of the severity of clinical signs and prognosis, and for the better communication between clinicians and researchers in this clinical field

Ecological niche and potential geographic distribution of the invasive fruit fly *Bactrocera invadens* (Diptera, Tephritidae)

Two correlative approaches to the challenge of ecological niche modeling (genetic algorithm, maximum entropy) were used to estimate the potential global distribution of the invasive fruit fly, Bactrocera invadens, based on associations between known occurrence records and a set of environmental predictor variables. The two models yielded similar estimates, largely corresponding to Equatorial climate classes with high levels of precipitation. The maximum entropy approach was somewhat more conservative in its evaluation of suitability, depending on thresholds for presence/absence that are selected, largely excluding areas with distinct dry seasons; the genetic algorithm models, in contrast, indicate that climate class as partly suitable. Predictive tests based on independent distributional data indicate that model predictions are quite robust. Field observations in Benin and Tanzania confirm relationships between seasonal occurrences of this species and humidity and temperature

Superconductivity of epsilon-Fe: complete resistive transition

Last year, iron was reported to become superconducting at temperatures below 2K and pressures between 15 and 30 GPa. The evidence presented was a weak resistivity drop, suppressed by a magnetic field above 0.2 T, and a small Meissner signal. However, a compelling demonstration, such as the occurrence of zero resistance, was lacking. Here we report the measurement of a complete resistive transition at 22.2 GPa with an onset slightly above 2 K in two very pure samples of iron, of different origins. The superconductivity appears unusually sensitive to disorder, developing only when the electronic mean free path is above a threshold value, while the normal state resistivity is characteristic of a nearly ferromagnetic metal.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures. To be published in Physics Letters