Heimweh - Bilanz einer beruflichen Tätigkeit im Jugendhilfebereich

In dem Beitrag werden alltägliche und verborgene Widersprüche in der Heimerziehung sowie vermiedene Wahrnehmungen und abgebrochene Handlungen aufgedeckt. Dabei geht es um die Form des Umgangs mit der allgegenwärtigen Gesellschaftlichkeit im Feld 'Heim', wobei von der Überzeugung ausgegangen wird, daß eine Veränderung, ein Bewußtsein von unten trotz mächtiger äußerer Bedingungen etwas bewirken kann. Diskutiert wird die Konfrontation des Jugendlichen mit der Realität: Wie kann einem Jugendlichen vermittelt werden, in einer 'schlechten' Gesellschaft 'gut' zu bewerten, zu handeln und sich dabei auch noch gut zu fühlen. Es wird deutlich gemacht, daß in der Heimerziehung Probleme nicht gelöst werden können, sondern daß der Umgang mit Krisen geübt wird. Als Kern der Heimarbeit mit Jugendlichen wird die 'Beziehungsarbeit' genannt. Ein Beziehungsmodell wird entwickelt. Das Problem des Autonom-werdens der Jugendlichen und des Los-lassens durch den Mitarbeiter wird erörtert. Insgesamt führt der Rückblick auf die eigene Tätigkeit im Heim zu der Erkenntnis, daß die pädagogischen und therapeutischen Ziele der Heimpädagogik von gesellschaftlichen Strömungen unterminiert werden. (RW

Liver Dysfunction and Phosphatidylinositol-3-Kinase Signalling in Early Sepsis: Experimental Studies in Rodent Models of Peritonitis

Background: Hepatic dysfunction and jaundice are traditionally viewed as late features of sepsis and portend poor outcomes. We hypothesized that changes in liver function occur early in the onset of sepsis, yet pass undetected by standard laboratory tests. Methods and Findings: In a long-term rat model of faecal peritonitis, biotransformation and hepatobiliary transport were impaired, depending on subsequent disease severity, as early as 6 h after peritoneal contamination. Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) signalling was simultaneously induced at this time point. At 15 h there was hepatocellular accumulation of bilirubin, bile acids, and xenobiotics, with disturbed bile acid conjugation and drug metabolism. Cholestasis was preceded by disruption of the bile acid and organic anion transport machinery at the canalicular pole. Inhibitors of PI3K partially prevented cytokine-induced loss of villi in cultured HepG2 cells. Notably, mice lacking the PI3Kγ gene were protected against cholestasis and impaired bile acid conjugation. This was partially confirmed by an increase in plasma bile acids (e.g., chenodeoxycholic acid [CDCA] and taurodeoxycholic acid [TDCA]) observed in 48 patients on the day severe sepsis was diagnosed; unlike bilirubin (area under the receiver-operating curve: 0.59), these bile acids predicted 28-d mortality with high sensitivity and specificity (area under the receiver-operating curve: CDCA: 0.77; TDCA: 0.72; CDCA+TDCA: 0.87). Conclusions: Liver dysfunction is an early and commonplace event in the rat model of sepsis studied here; PI3K signalling seems to play a crucial role. All aspects of hepatic biotransformation are affected, with severity relating to subsequent prognosis. Detected changes significantly precede conventional markers and are reflected by early alterations in plasma bile acids. These observations carry important implications for the diagnosis of liver dysfunction and pharmacotherapy in the critically ill. Further clinical work is necessary to extend these concepts into clinical practice. Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary

A temporal network approach to paranoia : a pilot study

Paranoid beliefs have been conceptualized as a central psychological process linked to schizophrenia and many mental disorders. Research on paranoia has indicated that it is pivotal to consider not only levels but also dynamic aspects of incriminated related mechanisms over time. In the present study, we conceptualized paranoia as a system of interacting elements. To do so, we used temporal network analysis to unfold the temporal dynamics between core psychological paranoia-related mechanisms, such as self-esteem, sadness, feeling close to others, and experiential avoidance. Time-series data of 23 participants with high scores in paranoia and/or interpersonal sensitivity were collected via experience sampling methodology (ESM). We applied a multilevel vector autoregressive (mlVAR) model approach and computed three distinct and complementary network models (i.e., contemporaneous, temporal, and between-subject) to disentangle associations between paranoia-related mechanisms in three different time frames. The contemporaneous model indicated that paranoia and sadness co-occurred within the same time frame, while sadness was associated with both low self-esteem and lack of closeness to others. The temporal model highlighted the importance of feeling close to others in predicting low paranoia levels in the next time frame. Finally, the between-subject model largely replicated an association found in both contemporaneous and temporal models. The current study reveals that the network approach offers a viable data-driven methodology for elucidating how paranoia-related mechanisms fluctuate over time and may determine its severity. Moreover, this novel perspective may open up new directions toward identifying potential targets for prevention and treatment of paranoia-related problems

New Creation instead of new Exodus : the innerbiblical exegesis and theological transformations of Isaiah 65:17–25

akzeptierte Manuskriptversio

Basic Forms of Prophetic Speech

London222 p.; 20 c

The Praise of God In The Psalms

Virginia172 p.; 20 c

Creation

London123 p.; 20 c

A Thousand Years and A Day : Our Time in the Old Testament

Philadelphiaix, 280 p.; 20 c

The Old Testament Library : V.19.: Isaiah 40 - 66: A Commentary

Philadelphiaxv, 429 p.; 23 cm

Creation

London123 p.; 20 c